Electromagnetic absorbing composites
A composite comprising a polymeric matrix and EM absorbers dispersed within the polymeric matrix. Each EM absorber comprises a ceramic particle having a surface, and a magnetic coating on at least a portion of the surface of the ceramic particle. The EM absorbers function as dielectric and magnetic absorbers in the 1-100 GHz frequency range. The composite can be used as an electromagnetic shielding article to mitigate electromagnetic interference in, for example, high speed, high frequency (HSHF) consumer electronics.
1 . A composite comprising:
a polymeric matrix; and
EM absorbers dispersed within the polymeric matrix, each EM absorber comprising a ceramic particle having a spherical surface and an average particle diameter ranging from 0.1 μm to 50 μm, and a magnetic coating on at least a portion of the spherical surface of the ceramic particle,
wherein the ceramic particle comprises copper(II) oxide, a metal nitride, a metal carbide, a metal sulfide, a metal silicide, a metal boride, a multiferroic compound, or combinations thereof, and
wherein the EM absorbers function as dielectric and magnetic absorbers in the 1-100 GHz frequency range.
2 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic coating completely encapsulates the ceramic particle.
3 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic coating comprises a ferromagnetic material or ferrimagnetic material.
4 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic coating comprises a metal, a metal alloy, a ceramic ferrite, or a combination thereof.
5 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic coating comprises iron metal.
6 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the EM absorbers have an average particle size of 0.1 micrometers to 50 micrometers.
7 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the EM absorbers make up 10 to 90 wt % of the composite.
8 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises a silicone, a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), a low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a polystyrene (PS), a polypropylene (PP), a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), a polyimide (PI), a syndiotactic polystyrene (SPS), a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a butyl rubber, an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), a polycarbonate (PC), a polyurethane, or a combination thereof.
9 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises a silicone.
10 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein one or more of the EM absorbers comprise a ceramic particle having at least two magnetic coatings thereon.
11 . The composite of claim 10 , wherein each of the at least two magnetic coatings thereon comprise a different magnetic material.
12 . The composite of claim 10 , wherein each of the at least two magnetic coatings thereon have different thicknesses.
13 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite comprises two or more different types of EM absorbers, wherein the two or more different types of EM absorbers comprise different ceramic particles, different magnetic coatings, different ratio of components in the magnetic coatings to components in the ceramic particles, or a combination thereof.
14 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric matrix comprises an epoxy-based polymer, the ceramic material is copper(II) oxide, and the magnetic coating is iron metal.
15 . The composite of claim 14 , wherein the mass ratio of copper(II) oxide to iron metal in the EM absorber ranges from 1:1 to 32:1.
16 . The composite of claim 1 , wherein the composite mitigates electromagnetic interference in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 100 GHz.
17 . An electromagnetic interference shielding article comprising the composite of claim 1 .
18 . A method of making the composite of claim 1 comprising:
forming the EM absorbers by at least partially covering the spherical surfaces of each ceramic particle with the magnetic coating; and
dispersing the EM absorbers in the polymeric matrix.