Heat removal systems and methods
View Patent ↗As air inside a building (e.g., a data center or any building that generates heat) becomes heated, it rises and is received or captured by a heat containment and then expelled from the building. The hot air is not recycled, recirculated, or re-cooled. Hot air being expelled from the building creates a pressure differential in which the pressure at the hot side of the building (where the heat containment is located) is lower than the cool side of the building. To this end, a chilling unit is installed at an opening of a building to supply cooled air at a constant rate. The chilling unit does not have an internal controller. Rather, an air conditioning (AC) unit of the building acts as an external controller. The AC unit is be set to maintain a target temperature and only runs when the temperature inside the building is above the target temperature.
1 . A system for removing heat from and cooling air in a building, the system comprising:
a modular chilling unit separate from the building for supplying cooled air to the building at a constant rate, the building having a heat containment for capturing or receiving hot air inside the building, the building further having an exhaust structure comprising one or more vents associated with one or more vent fans for expelling the hot air from the building, the chilling unit comprising:
a housing having an intake end and an exhaust end in communication with the heat containment, wherein the intake end is not in communication with hot air downstream of the heat containment;
at least one chilling element disposed between the intake end and the exhaust end to lower the temperature of the ambient air; and
at least one fan positioned in the housing and set to operate at a constant speed to draw ambient air from the intake end of the housing, cool the ambient air by directing air through the at least one chilling element, and direct the cooled air to an opening of the building;
wherein the system is operated to create a desired pressure differential by selectively operating the one or more vent fans to expel the hot air from the building such that an air pressure at a hot side of the building is lower than an air pressure at a cool side of the building, wherein the desired pressure differential draws the cooled air supplied by the chilling unit through the opening of the building from the hot side of the building to the cool side of the building; and
wherein the building has an air conditioning unit that is set to maintain a target temperature and, responsive to a temperature in the building rising above the target temperature and with the chilling unit supplying the cooled air to the building at the constant rate, the air conditioning unit is operable to run until the temperature in the building drops down at or below the target temperature.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the building comprises a data center.
3 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the target temperature is a minimum service temperature required by the data center.
4 . The system of claim 2 , wherein the heat containment comprises a server pod enclosing one or more banks of servers, the server pod having openings for drawing in the cooled air and a vent for directing air heated by the one or more banks of servers to the exhaust structure.
5 . The system of claim 4 , wherein the heat containment further comprises a sealed hood, enclosure, ductwork, or pipe.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the constant rate is defined at least in part by the constant speed.
7 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the chilling unit further comprises at least a filter, an evaporative cooler, an evaporative cooling element, a freezer coil, or a chiller.
8 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fan comprises a fixed speed fan or a variable speed fan.
9 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the opening is formed in a wall, roof, or ceiling of the building.
10 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the air conditioning unit comprises a heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) system.
11 . A method for removing heat from and cooling air in a building, the method comprising:
positioning an exhaust end of a modular chilling unit in an opening of the building, the modular chilling unit separate from the building, the chilling unit having:
a housing having an intake end and the exhaust end in communication with a heat containment, wherein the intake end is not in communication with hot air downstream of the heat containment;
at least one chilling element disposed between the intake end and the exhaust end to lower the temperature of the ambient air; and
at least one fan positioned in the housing and set to operate at a constant speed to draw ambient air from the intake end of the housing, cool the ambient air by directing air through the at least one chilling element, and direct the cooled air to the opening of the building;
capturing or receiving hot air inside the building through the heat containment inside the building;
setting an air conditioning unit inside the building to maintain a target temperature; and
expelling the hot air from the building through an exhaust structure of the building, the exhaust structure comprising one or more vents associated with one or more vent fans;
operating the exhaust structure to create a desired pressure differential by selectively operating the one or more vent fans to expel the hot air from the building such that an air pressure at a hot side of the building is lower than an air pressure at a cool side of the building, wherein the desired pressure differential draws the cooled air supplied by the chilling unit through the opening of the building from the hot side of the building to the cool side of the building; and
wherein, responsive to a temperature in the building rising above the target temperature and with the chilling unit supplying the cooled air to the building at a constant rate, the air conditioning unit is operable to run until the temperature in the building drops down at or below the target temperature.
12 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the building comprises a data center.
13 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein the target temperature is a minimum service temperature required by the data center.
14 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein the heat containment comprises a server pod enclosing one or more banks of servers, the server pod having openings for drawing in the cooled air and a vent for directing air heated by the one or more banks of servers to the exhaust structure.
15 . The method according to claim 14 , wherein the heat containment further comprises a sealed hood, enclosure, ductwork, or pipe.
16 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the constant rate is defined at least in part by the constant speed.
17 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the chilling unit further comprises at least a filter, an evaporative cooler, an evaporative cooling element, a freezer coil, or a chiller.
18 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the at least one fan comprises a fixed speed fan or a variable speed fan.
19 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the opening is formed in a wall, roof, or ceiling of the building.
20 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the air conditioning unit comprises a heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) system.