IP Library Granted Patent US 12,721,744
Granted Patent B2
US 12,721,744 · App. 18/475,325 · Granted Sep 1, 2026

Wearable assistance devices and methods of operation

Inventors: Karl Zelik (Nashville, TN); Matthew Yandell (Nashville, TN); Dustin Howser (Bristol, TN); Erik Lamers (Nashville, TN)
Assignee: Vanderbilt University
A61F5/028A61F5/026F16D13/58A61B5/389A61F2005/0197
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,721,744
App. No.
18/475,325
Granted
Sep 1, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Wearable assistance devices and methods of operating the same are provided. A wearable assistance device includes an upper-body interface with a front side and a rear side and a lower-body interface with a front side and a rear side. The assistance device also includes one or more elastic members, each of the elastic members mechanically coupling the upper-body interface to the lower-body interface and extending from the rear side of the upper-body interface to the rear side of the lower-body interface and along a back of the user so as to provide an assistive force parallel to the back of the user. Further, the assistance device also includes a clutch mechanism associated with each one of the elastic members, the clutch mechanism configured for selectively adjusting the assistive force provided by the one of the elastic members.

Claims (55)

1 . A wearable assistance device to be worn by a user, comprising:

an upper-body interface;

a lower-body interface;

one or more elastic bands mechanically coupling the upper-body interface to the lower-body interface along a back of the user so as to provide an extension moment about the spine of the user when the one or more elastic bands stretch, the one or more elastic bands being configured to curve about at least a portion of the user's buttocks when the user bends forward, each of the one or more elastic bands comprising a first portion and a second portion connected in series, the first portion being connected to the upper-body interface and the second portion being connected to the lower-body interface, and the first and the second portions having a different stiffness; and

at least one clutch mechanism associated with the one or more elastic bands, the at least one clutch mechanism being configured for selectively adjusting the extension moment provided by the one or more elastic bands when the user bends forward.

2 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , further comprising an actuator associated with the at least one clutch mechanism that is configured to switch the at least one clutch mechanism between engaged and disengaged configurations.

3 . The wearable assistance device of claim 2 , wherein the actuator is separate from the at least one clutch mechanism.

4 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one clutch mechanism is located on the upper-body interface or lower-body interface.

5 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the upper-body interface includes one or more shoulder straps.

6 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the lower-body interface comprises thigh sleeves or shorts.

7 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein a stiffness of the second portion of the one or more elastic bands is greater than a stiffness of the first portion of the one or more elastic bands.

8 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein at least one elastic band of the one or more elastic bands comprises a first elastic member extending from a right side of the upper-body interface to a left side of the lower-body interface and at least one elastic band of the one or more elastic bands comprises a second elastic band extending from a left side of the upper-body interface to a right side of the lower-body interface.

9 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more elastic bands contains a third portion in series with and in between the first portion and second portion.

10 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more elastic bands is configured with a side-to-side differential.

11 . The wearable assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one clutch mechanism is located in between the first portion and second portion.

12 . The assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the upper body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism, and/or the second portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the lower body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism.

13 . The assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second portions of the one or more elastic bands is either elastic or inelastic.

14 . The assistance device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more elastic bands comprises rubber, plastic, webbing, fabric or combinations thereof.

15 . A wearable assistance device to be worn by a user, comprising:

an upper-body interface;

a lower-body interface;

one or more elastic bands mechanically coupling the upper-body interface to the lower-body interface along a back of the user, the one or more elastic bands being configured to curve about at least a portion of the user's buttocks when the user bends forward; and

at least one clutch mechanism associated with the one or more elastic bands, the at least one clutch mechanism being configured to engage the one or more elastic bands such that when the user bends forward the one or more elastic bands stretch, thereby providing an extension moment about the spine of the user, and the at least one clutch mechanism being configured to disengage the one or more elastic bands, thereby providing minimal or no extension moment about the spine of the user when the user bends forward.

16 . The wearable assistance device of claim 15 , further comprising an actuator associated with the at least one clutch mechanism that is configured to switch the at least one clutch mechanism between engaged and disengaged configurations.

17 . The wearable assistance device of claim 16 , wherein the actuator is a manual actuator triggered by the user.

18 . The wearable assistance device of claim 16 , wherein the actuator is a battery-powered actuator that is controlled by a processor.

19 . The wearable assistance device of claim 15 , wherein each of the one or more elastic bands comprises a first portion and a second portion connected in series, the first portion being connected to the upper-body interface and the second portion being connected to the lower-body interface.

20 . The assistance device of claim 19 , wherein the first portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the upper body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism, and/or the second portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the lower body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism.

21 . The assistance device of claim 19 , wherein the first and second portions of the one or more elastic bands is either elastic or inelastic.

22 . The wearable assistance device of claim 19 , wherein the one or more elastic bands contains a third portion in series with and in between the first portion and second portion.

23 . The wearable assistance device of claim 15 , wherein the at least one clutch mechanism is located on the upper-body interface or lower-body interface.

24 . The assistance device of claim 15 , wherein the one or more elastic bands comprises rubber, plastic, webbing, fabric or combinations thereof.

25 . A wearable assistance device to be worn by a user, comprising:

an upper-body interface;

a lower-body interface;

one or more elastic bands mechanically coupling the upper-body interface to the lower-body interface along a back of the user, the one or more elastic bands being configured to curve about at least a portion of the user's buttocks when the user bends forward, and each of the one or more elastic bands having first and second portions; and

at least one clutch mechanism associated with the one or more elastic bands, the at least one clutch mechanism being configured to engage the one or more elastic bands such that when the user bends forward, the first portion of the one or more elastic bands does not stretch and the second portion of the one or more elastic bands stretches, thereby providing an extension moment about the spine of the user, and the at least one clutch mechanism being configured to disengage the one or more elastic bands such that when the user bends forward, the first portion and second portion of the one or more elastic bands move relative to the at least one clutch mechanism and provide minimal or no extension moment about the spine of the user when the user bends forward.

26 . The wearable assistance device of claim 25 , further comprising an actuator associated with the at least one clutch mechanism that is configured to switch the at least one clutch mechanism between engaged and disengaged configurations.

27 . The wearable assistance device of claim 26 , wherein the actuator is a manual actuator configured to be triggered by the user.

28 . The wearable assistance device of claim 26 , wherein the actuator is a battery-powered actuator that is controlled by a processor.

29 . The wearable assistance device of claim 25 , wherein the first and second portions of each elastic band have different stiffnesses.

30 . The assistance device of claim 25 , wherein the first portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the upper body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism, and/or the second portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the lower body interface via the at least one clutch mechanism.

31 . The assistance device of claim 25 , wherein the first and second portions of the one or more elastic bands is either elastic or inelastic.

32 . The assistance device of claim 25 , wherein the one or more elastic bands comprises rubber, plastic, webbing, fabric or combinations thereof.

33 . A wearable assistance device to be worn by a user, comprising:

an upper-body interface;

a lower-body interface;

one or more elastic bands mechanically coupling the upper-body interface to the lower-body interface along a back of the user so as to provide an extension moment about the spine of the user when stretched, the one or more elastic bands being configured to curve about at least a portion of the user's buttocks when the user bends forward; and

at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism associated with the one or more elastic bands, the at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism being configured for selectively adjusting the extension moment provided by the one or more elastic bands when the user bends forward.

34 . The wearable assistance device of claim 33 , wherein each of the one or more elastic bands comprises a first portion and a second portion connected in series, the first portion being connected to the upper-body interface and the second portion being connected to the lower-body interface.

35 . The wearable assistance device of claim 34 , wherein the first and second portions of each elastic band have different stiffnesses.

36 . The assistance device of claim 34 , wherein the first portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the upper body interface via the at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism, and/or the second portion of the at least one elastic band is connected to the lower body interface via the at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism.

37 . The assistance device of claim 34 , wherein the first and second portions of the one or more elastic bands is either elastic or inelastic.

38 . The assistance device of claim 33 , wherein the one or more elastic bands comprises rubber, plastic, webbing, fabric or combinations thereof.

39 . The wearable assistance device of claim 33 , further comprising an actuator associated with the at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism that is configured to switch the at least one rotationally dynamic clutch mechanism between engaged and disengaged configurations.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Sep 28, 2023
From: ZELIK, KARL; YANDELL, MATTHEW; HOWSER, DUSTIN; LAMERS, ERIK
To: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Reel/Frame 065057/0932 →
Continuity (3)
Continuation 16478310 · Jan 19, 2018
Provisional Application 62448104 · Jan 19, 2017
Related Publication 20240016647A1 · Jan 18, 2024
References Cited (166)
US 330213A · Deweese · 1885 [cited by applicant]
US 401223A · Smith · 1889 [cited by applicant]
US 406663A · McKinney · 1889 [cited by applicant]
US 437898A · Thomas · 1890 [cited by applicant]
US 443113A · Ray · 1890 [cited by applicant]
US 452206A · Aaron · 1891 [cited by applicant]
US 551839A · Jw · 1895 [cited by applicant]
US 596839A · Bassett · 1898 [cited by applicant]
US 633596A · Kellogg · 1899 [cited by applicant]
US 637156A · Potts · 1899 [cited by applicant]
US 654173A · Mendenhall · 1900 [cited by applicant]
US 703477A · Russell · 1902 [cited by applicant]
US 781544A · McMurtry · 1905 [cited by applicant]
US 807908A · Bradstreet · 1905 [cited by applicant]
US 836802A · Daniel · 1906 [cited by applicant]
US 880904A · Mueller · 1908 [cited by applicant]
US 903403A · Quick · 1908 [cited by applicant]
US 975454A · Powers · 1910 [cited by applicant]
US 1008500A · Claton · 1911 [cited by applicant]
US 1064903A · Hardiman · 1913 [cited by applicant]
US 1098492A · Gibson · 1914 [cited by applicant]
US 1202851A · Kelly · 1916 [cited by applicant]
US 1308675A · Kelley · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1316915A · Meyer et al. · 1919 [cited by applicant]
US 1371690A · Emmett · 1921 [cited by applicant]
US 1386067A · Mason · 1921 [cited by applicant]
US 1409326A · Williamson · 1922 [cited by applicant]
US 1553874A · James · 1925 [cited by examiner]
US 1812529A · Haulbrook · 1931 [cited by applicant]
US 4709692A · Kirschenberg · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4829989A · Deamer · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 5131490A · Bell · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5176622A · Anderson · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5256135A · Avihod · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5709648A · Webb · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5716307A · Vadher · 1998 [cited by examiner]
US 5743866A · Bauerfeind et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5816251A · Glisan · 1998 [cited by examiner]
US 5951591A · Roberts · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6129691A · Ruppert · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6190342B1 · Taylor · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6450131B1 · Broman · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 7553266B2 · Abdoli-Eramaki · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 8241090B2 · Michael · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8568344B2 · Ferguson · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8597212B2 · Kawakami · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8832863B2 · Yang · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8834394B2 · Ghajar · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8992452B2 · Carter · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9161610B2 · Hexels · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9682005B2 · Herr · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9744066B2 · Kazerooni · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10166679B2 · Tanibayashi · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10463562B2 · Chavarria · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10588771B2 · Holscher et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10870198B1 · Asbeck · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 11020261B2 · Lear · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20050130815A1 · Abdoli-Eramak · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050263990A1 · Clute · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060261649A1 · Baldwin · 2006 [cited by examiner]
US 20070004570A1 · Afanasenko · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070045570A1 · Chaney et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20090118655A1 · Wang · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100075817A1 · Abdoli-Eramaki · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100125230A1 · Hurley · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100204630A1 · Sandifer et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20120016493A1 · Hansen · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120048904A1 · Scicluna · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120130293A1 · Brown · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120184881A1 · Kobayashi et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130006386A1 · Hansen · 2013 [cited by examiner]
US 20130160189A1 · Yang · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130197408A1 · Goldfarb · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130211295A1 · Johnson et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130296746A1 · Herr · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130299746A1 · Kanno · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140100501A1 · Burke · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140135674A1 · Kirk · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140277739A1 · Kornbluh · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150133842A1 · Ferrigolo · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150230964A1 · Kazerooni · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150359698A1 · Popovic et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160033235A1 · Kinnings · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160107309A1 · Walsh et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160193067A1 · Petursson et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160220438A1 · Walsh et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160250062A1 · Radaelli · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160339583A1 · Van Engelhoven · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170027735A1 · Walsh · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170196751A1 · Smith · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170209330A1 · Hughes et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170232617A1 · Tanibayashi et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180008502A1 · Asbeck et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180093374A1 · Holgate · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180193686A1 · Adeeko, Jr. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180221189A1 · Garth et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180303699A1 · Romo · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190015235A1 · Badger · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190231574A1 · Kazerooni · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190358074A1 · Zelik et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190380904A1 · Panizzolo et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200038219A1 · Mizera et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200188159A1 · Hatch · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200205555A1 · Beck · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200268542A1 · Holgate · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210039248A1 · Walsh · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210236152A1 · Deuel · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220218508A1 · Zelik · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20230100371A1 · Zelik · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230338222A1 · Slaughter · 2023 [cited by applicant]
CN 108471865 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
DE 102004009315A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
DE 202005011650U1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
DE 102015208125A1 · 2016 [cited by examiner]
DE 1020152084125A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
EP 3738464 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
JP 2008067762A · 2008 [cited by examiner]
JP 2013144858A · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP 2016083254A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
KR 101437475B1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
KR 1020160031603 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
KR 20170005173A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2005056124A1 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015088863A2 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015157731A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO 2017173441A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018067363A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018122106A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018136722A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2019161232A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO 2021188516 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO 2021257671A1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
WO 2023023838A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
JP-2008067762-A translated (Year: 2008). [cited by examiner]
DE-102015208125-A1 translated (Year: 2016). [cited by examiner]
Australian Notice of Acceptance issued in App. No. AU2020284017, dated Feb. 14, 2025, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion issued in App. No. PCT/US2024/059141, dated Feb. 18, 2025, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
Chaichaowarat et al., “Passive Knee Exoskeleton Using Torsion Spring for Cycling Assistance”, IEEE, 2017, pp. 3069-3074. [cited by applicant]
Communication pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC dated Jul. 8, 2022 from corresponding EP Application No. 18 741 272.1. [cited by applicant]
Elliott et al., “Design of a Clutch-Spring Knee Exoskeleton for Running”, Journal of Medical Devices, 2014, vol. 8, pp. 1-11. [cited by applicant]
EP Extended Search Report for EP 201813296.9 dated Dec. 23, 2022. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability for International Application No. PCT/US20181014393, dated Jul. 23, 2019 (8 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for International Application No. PCT/US20181014393, mailed May 17, 2018 (2 pages). [cited by applicant]
International Search Report of International Application No. PCT/US21/37579. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT/US2021/022531 dated Jun. 3, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Lamers, “Modeling, Design and Evaluation of a New Extensible Moment Arm Mechanism to Improve Exosuit Comfort and Performance”, pp. 1-21. [cited by applicant]
“ISB Poster Final Epl, ”(CREATE) Mar. 2016 (Mar. 2016); retrieved from the internet Apr. 19, 2019; https://s3.amazonaws.com/vu-my/wp-content/uploads/sites/1409/2016/03/31171620/ISB-Poster-Final-EPL.pdf., “How It's Contr… [cited by applicant]
Nasiri et al., “Reducing the Energy Cost of Human Running Using an Un powered Exoskeleton”, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 26, No. 10, Oct. 2018, pp. 2026-2032. [cited by applicant]
Ranaweera et al., “Development of A Passively Powered Knee Exoskeleton for Squat Lifting”, Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life, vol. 5, No. 1, 2018, pp. 45-51. [cited by applicant]
Rogers et al., “A Quasi-Passive Knee Exoskeleton to Assist During Descent”, 2017, pp. 63-67. [cited by applicant]
Simpson et al., “Connecting the legs with a spring improves human running economy”, Journal of Experimental Biology, 2019, pp. 1-10. [cited by applicant]
Sridar et al., “Development of a Soft Inflatable Exosuit for Knee Rehabilitation”, 2017 IEEE/RSJ (IROS), pp. 3722-3727. [cited by applicant]
Yumeko Imamura et al: “Motion-based design of elastic belts for passive assistive device using musculoskeletal model”, Robotics and Biomimetics (Robio), 2011 IEEE International Conference On, IEEE, Dec. 7, 2011 (Dec. 7,… [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report mailed Jun. 1, 2023, issued in related EP Application No. 20814224.0. [cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report issued in App. No. EP24192166, dated Nov. 14, 2024, 11 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability issued in App. No. PCT/US2023/66231, dated Nov. 7, 2024, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
Communication pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC dated Dec. 18, 2024 from corresponding Application No. 21 772 646.2. 5 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion, mail date Nov. 28, 2023, 19 pages, received in corresponding PCT application No. PCT/2023/US066231. [cited by applicant]
Australian Examination Report No. 1 issued in App. No. AU2020282797, dated Dec. 20, 2024, 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
Australian Examination Report No. 1 issued in App. No. AU2020284017 dated Dec. 19, 2024, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
Partial Supplementary European Search Report issued in App. No. EP21825853.1, dated Jun. 14, 2024, 14 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Search Report received in corresponding patent application No. 21772646.2, issued Mar. 19, 2024. [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion issued in App. No. PCT/US2024/010830, dated Apr. 30, 2024, 9 pages. [cited by applicant]
EPO Communication pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC issued in App. No. EP20813296, dated Mar. 11, 2025, 7 pages. [cited by applicant]
Harnais CORFOR, video images, Mar. 2016 Vide: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xf7NVZINCVw, 1 page. [cited by applicant]
1 International Search Report issued in App. No. PCT/US2024/018872, dated Jul. 24, 2024, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]