Compact mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device with hybrid electrode
Compact, mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring devices for remote detection and/or diagnosis of cardiac events (e.g., acute myocardial infarction). The apparatus may include two integrated hand electrodes and two chest electrodes disposed on two pivotable arms that are capable of retracting in the compartments, enabling a compact size when the device is not used. Also described herein are systems including these devices and methods of using them.
1 . A mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device comprising:
a casing having a front face and a rear face;
two chest electrodes;
two finger electrodes;
two foldable arms pivotably attached to the casing on opposing ends thereof, wherein the two finger electrodes are disposed on the front face or edge of the casing and the two chest electrodes are disposed on the foldable arms;
one or more acoustic sensors on the foldable arms and configured to detect an acoustic signal from a skin surface;
a processor configured to concurrent detect both heart sound signals from the one or more acoustic sensors and electrical signals from the two chest electrodes and two finger electrodes; and
two substantially prismatic compartments on either side of the casing, each configured for receiving the foldable arms in a folded down position, each compartment having two lateral walls, a bottom, a front wall and a pin, wherein each pin connects two opposed lateral walls of each compartment.
2 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein each foldable arm has a recessed tapered portion at one end that accommodates one of the chest electrodes and at least one acoustic sensor for acquiring signals from a patient's chest.
3 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein each arm comprises a torsion spring coaxial with the pin, said torsion spring having a first and second tang, the first tang being engaged with the arm and the second tang being engaged with the casing.
4 . The device according to claim 1 , further comprising a pair of compartments and one or more locks holding each of the foldable arms within a compartment of the pair of compartments in a folded down position, wherein each arm has two spring plungers disposed in a cylinder perpendicular to lateral side of the arm, such that a tip of each plunger is configured to engage with a recesses formed in each lateral wall of the compartments.
5 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the finger electrodes are disposed on chamfered portions of one or more longer edges of the front face, the chamfered portions being offset relative to a transverse centerline of the front face, and the foldable arms being disposed adjacent to or at the shorter edges of the front face along a longitudinal centerline.
6 . The device according to claim 1 , further comprising a pair of compartments each having an opening adapted to receive a portion of one or the two foldable arms.
7 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein a length to thickness ratio of the casing is about 15 or greater and a length to width ratio is about 1.6 or greater.
8 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between the chest electrodes in an unfolded position is greater than about 10 cm.
9 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein an angle between the foldable arms in an unfolded position is about 135 degrees.
10 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to detect impedance.
11 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to inject current into a patient from the two finger electrodes and to concurrently detect voltage from the two chest electrodes and to determine a thoracic impedance from an injected current and detected voltage.
12 . The device according to claim 11 , wherein the injected current is 5 mA or less.
13 . A mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device comprising:
a casing having a front face and a rear face;
two chest electrodes;
two finger electrodes;
two foldable arms pivotably attached to the casing on opposing ends thereof, wherein the two finger electrodes are disposed on the front face or edge of the casing and the two chest electrodes are disposed on the foldable arms;
a current source within the casing coupled to the two finger electrodes;
a processor configured to inject current into a patient from the two finger electrodes and to concurrently detect voltage from the two chest electrodes and to determine a thoracic impedance from the injected current and detected voltage; and
two substantially prismatic compartments on either side of the casing, each configured for receiving the foldable arms in a folded down position, each compartment having two lateral walls, a bottom, a front wall and a pin, wherein each pin connects two opposed lateral walls of each compartment.
14 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein each foldable arm has a recessed tapered portion at one end that accommodates one of the chest electrodes and at least one acoustic sensor for acquiring signals from the patient's chest.
15 . The device according to claim 14 , wherein each arm comprises a torsion spring coaxial with a pin, said torsion spring having a first and second tang, the first tang being engaged with the arm and the second tang being engaged with the casing.
16 . The device according to claim 13 , further comprising a pair of compartments and one or more locks holding each of the foldable arms within a compartment of the pair of compartments in a folded down position, wherein each arm has two spring plungers disposed in a cylinder perpendicular to lateral side of the arm, such that a tip of each plunger is configured to engage with a recesses formed in each lateral wall of the compartments.
17 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein the finger electrodes are disposed on chamfered portions of one or more longer edges of the front face, the chamfered portions being offset relative to a transverse centerline of the front face, and the foldable arms being disposed adjacent to or at the shorter edges of the front face along a longitudinal centerline.
18 . The device according to claim 13 , further comprising a pair of compartments each having an opening adapted to receive a portion of one or the two foldable arms.
19 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein a length to thickness ratio of the casing is about 15 or greater and a length to width ratio is about 1.6 or greater.
20 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein a distance between the chest electrodes in an unfolded position is greater than about 10 cm.
21 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein an angle between the foldable arms in an unfolded position is about 135 degrees.
22 . The device according to claim 13 , wherein the injected current is 5 mA or less.
23 . A mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device comprising:
a casing having a front face and a rear face;
two chest electrodes;
two finger electrodes;
two foldable arms pivotably attached to the casing on opposing ends thereof, wherein the two finger electrodes are disposed on the front face or edge of the casing and the two chest electrodes are disposed on the foldable arms;
one or more acoustic sensors on the foldable arms and configured to detect an acoustic signal from a skin surface;
a processor configured to concurrent detect both heart sound signals from the one or more acoustic sensors and electrical signals from the two chest electrodes and two finger electrodes; and
a pair of compartments and one or more locks holding each of the foldable arms within a compartment of the pair of compartments in a folded down position, wherein each arm has two spring plungers disposed in a cylinder perpendicular to lateral side of the arm, such that a tip of each plunger is configured to engage with a recesses formed in each lateral wall of the compartments.
24 . A mobile three-lead cardiac monitoring device comprising:
a casing having a front face and a rear face;
two chest electrodes;
two finger electrodes;
two foldable arms pivotably attached to the casing on opposing ends thereof, wherein the two finger electrodes are disposed on the front face or edge of the casing and the two chest electrodes are disposed on the foldable arms;
a current source within the casing coupled to the two finger electrodes;
a processor configured to inject current into a patient from the two finger electrodes and to concurrently detect voltage from the two chest electrodes and to determine a thoracic impedance from the injected current and detected voltage; and
a pair of compartments and one or more locks holding each of the foldable arms within a compartment of the pair of compartments in a folded down position, wherein each arm has two spring plungers disposed in a cylinder perpendicular to lateral side of the arm, such that a tip of each plunger is configured to engage with a recesses formed in each lateral wall of the compartments.