Lithium secondary battery
A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode including a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode current collector, the cathode active material layer including a cathode active material including first cathode active material particles, each of which has a single particle shape; an anode facing the cathode; and a non-aqueous electrolyte including a non-aqueous organic solvent that contains a fluorine-based organic solvent, a lithium salt and an additive.
1 . A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
a cathode comprising a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer disposed on at least one surface of the cathode current collector, the cathode active material layer comprising a cathode active material including first cathode active material particles, each of which has a single particle shape;
an anode facing the cathode; and
a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a non-aqueous organic solvent that contains a fluorine-based organic solvent, a lithium salt and an additive,
wherein the cathode active material further comprises second cathode active material particles, each of which has a secondary particle shape, and a content of the first cathode active material particles based on a total weight of the cathode active material is in a range from 10 wt % to 40 wt %,
wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent further comprises a non-fluorine-based organic solvent,
wherein a volume ratio of the fluorine-based organic solvent to the non-fluorine- based organic solvent is in a range from 1.5 to 9,
wherein the volume ratio is defined as a ratio of a total volume of the fluorine-based organic solvent to a total volume of the non-fluorine-based organic solvent,
wherein the non-fluorine-based organic solvent includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbonate-based solvent, an ester-based solvent, an ether-based solvent, a ketone-based solvent, an alcohol-based solvent and an aprotic solvent,
wherein the fluorine-based organic solvent includes a monofluoro-based organic solvent and a difluoro-based organic solvent,
wherein the monofluoro-based organic solvent is represented by Chemical Formula 2:
wherein, in Chemical Formula 2, R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 12 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C 5 -C 12 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7 membered heterocycloalkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 7 membered heterocycloalkenyl group, and
wherein the difluoro-based organic solvent is represented by Chemical Formula 3:
wherein, in Chemical Formula 3, R 2 is a hydrocarbon containing a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 kyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 6 -C 12 aryl group, and R3 is a hydrocarbon including a substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group.
2 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the first cathode active material particles or the second cathode active material particles have a structure of a lithium-transition metal composite oxide particle represented by Chemical Formula 1:
wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, 0.9≤a≤1.2, 0.5≤x≤0.99, −0.1≤y≤0.1, and M includes at least one element selected from Na, Mg, Ca, Y, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Co, Fe, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Al, Ga, C, Si, Sn, Ba and Zr.
3 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the additive includes a boron-based compound.
4 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 3 , wherein the boron-based compound includes at least one of lithium bis (oxalate) borate (LiBOB), tris (trimethylsilyl) borate (TMSB) and lithium difluoro (oxalato) borate (LiFOB).
5 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a content of the additive is in a range from 0.1 wt % to 1.0 wt % based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
6 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte further comprises an auxiliary additive including an alkyl sultone-based compound and an alkenyl sultone-based compound.
7 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 6 , wherein a content of the auxiliary additive is in a range from 0.5 wt % to 1.5 wt % based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
8 . The lithium secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt includes at least one of lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) and lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 ).