Masonry system
A masonry system having a primary masonry unit with final coating and thermal and acoustic insulation, with several derivations. The masonry system guarantees the construction of a wall providing final finishing and thermal and acoustic insulation simultaneously. The system is based on a primary masonry unit having a coating layer in its outer face and an insulation layer which, depending on the version adopted, can be situated in the inner face thereof or in the outer face, covered by the final finishing layer in the latter case. The primary units present a tongue and groove fitting system which allows an easy and quick fitting, allowing the placement of these same units by wet or dry process. The masonry system further foresees secondary units and metallic reinforcements, to prevent phenomena of cracks and fissures and to improve the anti-seismic behavior of the wall.
1 . A masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer comprising a primary masonry unit and a secondary masonry unit, wherein the primary masonry unit comprises:
a body comprising an upper main central ridge and a main lower central channel, a secondary lateral channel which is developed along a top and along one side of the primary masonry unit and a secondary lateral channel which develops along a lower part and along an opposite side of a corresponding secondary ridge;
a plurality of longitudinal and transverse semicircular and quarter circle channels arranged over an upper surface and a lower surface of the primary masonry unit;
a plurality of cavities which develop from the upper surface to the lower surface of the primary masonry unit;
a tongue and groove fitting system by means of the main central ridge and secondary ridge and the main central and the secondary lateral channels;
a final finishing coat layer shown on a front/outer face of the primary masonry unit;
a thermal and acoustic insulation layer present on a rear/inner face of the primary masonry unit or in the front/outer face thereof covered by the final finishing coat layer; and
a slope by a front top and bottom horizontal edges of the primary masonry unit and which is developed from the secondary ridge and the secondary channel towards the front/outer face;
wherein the secondary masonry unit comprises:
a body comprising a lateral ridge which develops along the top and along one of the sides and a secondary lateral channel which develops along the lower part and along the opposite side of the corresponding ridge;
a final finishing coat layer on the outer/front face;
a slope by the front horizontal top and bottom edges of the unit and which develops from the ridges and channels up to the front face;
a thermal and acoustic insulation layer present in the outer face coated by a final finishing coat layer; and
a reinforcement unit covered by pairs of semicircular channels placed on the upper and lower faces of the referred primary masonry unit and secondary masonry unit, wherein the reinforcement unit has one of three shapes: in “reverse C-C”, or ladder shaped, or a reinforcement unit comprising a simple bar set.
2 . The masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer according to claim 1 , wherein
the body of the secondary masonry unit is an “L” shaped body comprising a lateral ridge which develops along a top of the “L” and along one side of the secondary masonry unit and a lateral channel which develops along a bottom part of the “L” and along an opposite side of a lateral corresponding ridge.
3 . The masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer according to claim 1 ,
wherein the body of the secondary masonry unit comprising the ridge develops along an upper part, a channel which develops along a lower part and along one side of the secondary masonry unit and the ridge or channel which develops on a rear/inner face of the secondary masonry unit, close to an outer lateral surface.
4 . The masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer according to claim 1 , wherein the primary masonry unit comprises an elliptical prismatic protuberance placed in an intermediary position along the front face of the primary masonry unit, and wherein the secondary masonry unit comprises:
the body comprising the ridge which develops along the top and along one of the sides of the unit and a lateral channel which develops along the opposite side of the corresponding ridge;
an elliptical prismatic channel with dimensions similar to those of the elliptical prismatic protuberance of the masonry primary unit, but inversely;
the final finishing coat layer on the front/outer surface and on the outer lower surface;
the thermal and acoustic insulation layer present in the outer face coated by the final finishing coat layer, only in the secondary unit; and
the small slope by the horizontal upper and lower front horizontal edges of the unit and which is developed from the ridges up to the front face.
5 . The masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer according to claim 1 , wherein the primary and secondary masonry units comprising a vertical steel reinforcement soaked in binding material in the cavities are aligned with the primary units immediately above and below.
6 . A method for constructing the masonry system with a final finishing coat layer and insulation layer according to claim 1 comprising anchoring and locking the primary and secondary masonry units leading to formwork of reinforced concrete structures simultaneously with the construction of a wall.
7 . A masonry wall, comprising a plurality of the masonry system described in claim 1 .