Frequency division multiplexing system with selectable rate
View Patent ↗An OFDM system uses a normal mode which has a symbol length T, a guard time TG and a set of N sub-carriers, which are orthogonal over the time T, and one or more fallback modes which have symbol lengths KT and guard times KTG where K is an integer greater than unity. The same set of N sub-carriers is used for the fallback modes as for the normal mode. Since the same set of sub-carriers is used, the overall bandwidth is substantially constant, so alias filtering does not need to be adaptive. The Fourier transform operations are the same as for the normal mode. Thus fallback modes are provided with little hardware cost. In the fallback modes the increased guard time provides better delay spread tolerance and the increased symbol length provides improved signal to noise performance, and thus increased range, at the cost of reduced data rate.
1. A receiver for receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) communications signal, the ODFM signal being transmitted using a set of sub-carriers which are orthogonal over a time T, the receiver comprising:
an analog-to-digital converter;
a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block operably coupled to the analog-to-digital converter;
the receiver being configured to operate in one of a plurality of signaling modes in each of which the duration of a received symbol is KT where K is a positive integer and ones of the plurality of signaling modes have different values of K, but the same set of sub-carriers;
wherein a guard time is associated with the received signal, the length of the guard time being greater for signaling modes having a greater value of K.
2. The receiver of claim 1 further comprising a filter operative to average an input signal over K intervals, each interval having a duration T.
3. The receiver of claim 2 wherein the FFT block is coupled to an output of the filter.
4. The receiver of claim 3 wherein the filter averages across K parts of the received symbol, each of the K parts having a duration of T, to generate an average result, and wherein the FFT block determines a fast Fourier transform based upon the filter average result.
5. The receiver of claim 2 further comprising a symbol timing circuit operative to provide a timing signal to the FFT block and to the filter such that the timing signal indicates the start of a new FFT interval to the filter and the FFT block.
6. The receiver of claim 2 wherein the filter operates to sum K samples, each sample separated by T seconds.
7. The receiver of claim 6 wherein the filter includes a memory having a delay line established to receive M samples, where M corresponds to the size in points of each block of data operated upon by the FFT block.
8. The receiver of claim 2 further comprising a control circuit operative to set the number of averaging intervals K.
9. The receiver of claim 8 wherein the control circuit is responsive to external settings.
10. The receiver of claim 8 wherein the control circuit is responsive to a resultant of monitoring signal quality.
11. The receiver of claim 1 further comprising an antenna.
12. The receiver of claim 11 further comprising an RF down-converter.
13. The receiver of claim 1 further comprising a filter that provides, when operating in a signaling mode in which K>1 , an average over K successive periods of duration T.
14. The receiver of claim 1 wherein a length of the guard time is KT G where T G is the same for all of the signaling modes.
15. A receiver for receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) communications signal, the ODFM signal being transmitted using a set of sub-carriers which are orthogonal over a time T, the receiver comprising:
a filter operative to average an input signal over K intervals, each interval having a duration T; and
a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block operably coupled to the filter;
the receiver being configured to operate in one of a plurality of signaling modes in each of which the duration of a received symbol is KT where K is a positive integer and ones of the plurality of signaling modes have different values of K;
wherein the FFT block is arranged in a signal path of the receiver ahead of the filter such that the filter averages K outputs from the FFT block.
16. The receiver of claim 15 wherein the FFT block determines K consecutive fast Fourier transform outputs per received symbol and the filter operates to determine an average of the K outputs from the FFT block.
17. A method for receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal, the OFDM signal being transmitted using a set of sub-carriers which are orthogonal over a time T, the method comprising the steps of:
determining an average of at least part of the OFDM signal over K intervals, each interval having a duration T; and
performing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the determined average;
wherein the OFDM signal is characterized by a plurality of signaling modes in each of which the duration of each OFDM symbol is KT where K is a positive integer and ones of the plurality of signaling modes have different values of K, but the same set of sub-carriers, and
further wherein a guard time is associated with the OFDM symbol and the length of the guard time is greater for signaling modes having a greater value of K.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of determining an average operates to average across K parts of the OFDM symbol, each of the K parts having a duration of T, to generate an average result, and wherein the FFT step determines a fast Fourier transform based upon the average resultant.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the average determining step operates to sum K samples, each sample separated by T seconds.
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the determined average is stored in a memory having a delay line established to receive M samples, where M corresponds to the size in points of each block of data operated upon by the FFT step.
21. The method of claim 17 further including a step of providing a control signal operative to set the number of averaging intervals K.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the control signal is responsive to external settings.
23. The method of claim 21 wherein the control signal is responsive to a resultant of monitoring signal quality.
24. The method of claim 17 wherein the guard time is interposed between successive ones of the OFDM symbols.
25. The method of claim 24 wherein a length of the guard time is KT G where T G is the same for all of the signaling modes.
26. A receiver for receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) communications signal, the ODFM signal being transmitted using a set of sub-carriers which are orthogonal over a time T, the receiver comprising:
a filter operative to average an input signal over K intervals, each interval having a duration T; and
a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block operably coupled to the filter;
the receiver being configured to operate in one of a plurality of signaling modes in each of which the duration of a received symbol is KT where K is a positive integer and ones of the plurality of signaling modes have different values of K;
wherein each of the received symbols is associated with a guard time, the length of the guard time being greater for signaling modes with a greater value of K.
27. The receiver of claim 26 wherein the plurality of signaling modes use the same set of sub-carriers.
28. The receiver of claim 26 wherein the FFT block is coupled to an output of the filter.
29. The receiver of claim 28 wherein the filter averages across K parts of the received symbol, each of the K parts having a duration of T, to generate an average result, and wherein the FFT block determines a fast Fourier transform based upon the filter average result.
30. The receiver of claim 26 wherein the FFT block is arranged in a signal path of the receiver ahead of the filter such that the filter averages K outputs from the FFT block.
31. The receiver of claim 30 wherein the FFT block determines K consecutive fast Fourier transform outputs per received symbol and the filter operates to determine an average of the K outputs from the FFT block.
32. The receiver of claim 26 further comprising an antenna.
33. The receiver of claim 32 further comprising an RF down-converter.
34. The receiver of claim 26 further comprising an analog to digital converter.
35. The receiver of claim 34 further comprising a symbol timing circuit operative to provide a timing signal to the FFT block and to the filter such that the timing signal indicates the start of a new FFT interval to the filter and the FFT block.
36. The receiver of claim 34 wherein the filter operates to sum K samples, each sample separated by T seconds.
37. The receiver of claim 36 wherein the filter includes a memory having a delay line established to receive M samples, where M corresponds to the size in points of each block of data operated upon by the FFT block.
38. The receiver of claim 26 further comprising a control circuit operative to set the number of averaging intervals K.
39. The receiver of claim 38 wherein the control circuit is responsive to external settings.
40. The receiver of claim 38 wherein the control circuit is responsive to a resultant of monitoring signal quality.
41. The receiver of claim 26 wherein a length of the guard time is KT G where T G is the same for all of the signaling modes.
42. A receiver for receiving an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) communications signal, the ODFM signal being transmitted using a set of sub-carriers which are orthogonal over a time T, the receiver comprising:
a filter operative to average an input signal over K intervals, each interval having a duration T; and
a fast Fourier transform (FFT) block operably coupled to an output of the filter;
the receiver being configured to operate in one of a plurality of signaling modes in each of which the duration of a received symbol is KT where K is a positive integer and ones of the plurality of signaling modes have different values of K
wherein the filter averages across K parts of the received symbol, each of the K parts having a duration of T, to generate an average result, and wherein the FFT block determines a fast Fourier transform based upon the filter average result.