Methods for early write termination and power failure with non-volatile memory
View Patent ↗In one embodiment of the invention, a memory apparatus for improved write performance is disclosed. The memory apparatus includes a base printed circuit board (PCB) having an edge connector for plugging into a host server system; a card level power source to provide card level power during a power failure; a memory controller coupled to the card level power source and having one or more memory channels; and one or more non-volatile memory devices (NVMDs) coupled to the card level power source and organized to respectively couple to the memory channels controlled by the memory controller. Each memory controller provides queuing and scheduling of memory operations on a channel for each NVMD in the memory channels. Responsive to power failure, the memory controller receives card level power and changes the scheduling of memory operations to the NVMDs in each memory channel.
1. A method for writing data into non-volatile memory in an expansion memory card with a software driver, the method comprising:
issuing a first delayed write operation from operating system software or application software to a software driver;
in response to receiving the first delayed write operation, storing a delayed write request in a channel controller of a memory controller, wherein the stored delayed write request identifies a starting address of a delayed write buffer in a volatile memory in the memory controller and wherein the stored delayed write request further identifies a first starting non-volatile memory device (NVMD) address to which first write data is to be stored in a memory channel comprising one or more NVMDs;
transferring the first write data associated with the first delayed write operation to the delayed write buffer;
before completion of the first delayed write operation to an NVMD, notifying the operating system software or the application software that the first delayed write operation is guaranteed to be completed with a probability greater than fifty percent.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
issuing a second delayed write operation from the operating system software or the application software to the software driver;
transferring second write data associated with the second delayed write operation to an unused memory location in the delayed write buffer; and
before completion of the second delayed write operation to an NVMD, notifying the operating system software or the application software that the second delayed write operation is guaranteed to be completed with a probability greater than fifty percent.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein
if a power failure occurs, the delayed write operation is guaranteed to be completed with a probability greater than fifty percent by
switching to a card level power source on the expansion card, and
completing any pending delayed write requests for writing data from the delayed write buffer into an NVMD beginning with the first starting NVMD address.
4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:
detecting the delayed write buffer is full for being absent unused memory locations;
notifying the software driver that the delayed write buffer is full;
initiating a delayed write request on the memory channel in response to the delayed write buffer being full, the delayed write request to write the write data from the full delayed write buffer to a first NVM location at a first NVMD address in a first memory controller channel; and
waiting for completion of the delayed write request.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:
examining results of the delayed write request;
if the delayed write request to the first NVMD location was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the write data from the full delayed write buffer into a second NVMD location at a first NVMD backup address provided by a first backup register in the first memory channel controller.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising:
examining results of the rewrite;
if the rewrite to the second NVMD location was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the write data from the full delayed write buffer into a third NVMD location at a second NVMD backup address provided by a second backup register in the first memory channel controller.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
examining results of the rewrite;
if the rewrite to the third NVMD location was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the write data from the full delayed write buffer into a fourth NVMD location at a third NVMD backup address provided by a third backup register in the first memory channel controller.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein
if a power failure occurs, the delayed write operation is guaranteed to be completed with a probability greater than fifty percent by
switching to a card level power source on the expansion card, and
completing any pending delayed write requests for writing data from the delayed write buffer into an NVMD beginning with the first starting NVMD address.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
prior to completing any pending delayed write requests, completing execution of any of the currently executing operations with NVMDs in the channel.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein
if a power failure occurs, the write operation is further guaranteed to be completed by
initiating the delayed write request on the channel to write a first write data from the shared buffer to a first NVMD location at a first NVMD address in a first memory controller channel; and
waiting for completion of the delayed write request.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the write operation is further guaranteed to be completed by
examining results of the delayed write request;
if the delayed write request was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the first write data from the shared buffer into a second NVM location at a first NVMD backup address provided by a first backup register in the first memory channel controller.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the write operation is further guaranteed to be completed by
examining results of the delayed write request;
if the rewrite was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the first write data from the shared buffer into a third NVM location at a second NVMD backup address provided by a second backup register in the first memory channel controller.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the write operation is further guaranteed to be completed by
examining results of the delayed write request;
if the rewrite was unsuccessful, then attempting to rewrite the first write data from the shared buffer into a third NVM location at a third NVMD backup address provided by a third backup register in the first memory channel controller.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the notification of the guaranteed completion is issued immediately after the initiating of the write operation and well before the write operation is the NVMD is completed.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein
the notification of the guaranteed completion is issued in a time interval less than fifty percent of the write latency of the NVMD.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein
the notification of the guaranteed completion is issued in a time interval less than twenty percent of the write latency of the NVMD.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the NVMD is NAND flash memory; and
the notification of the guaranteed completion is issued within fifty microseconds of the initiating of the write operation.