Dimming circuit and method
View Patent ↗A Light Emitting Diode (LED) driver circuit for driving an LED string has a switch-mode power supply coupled to the LED string. A control circuit is provided and has a first terminal coupled to a pulse width modulated input and a second terminal coupled to the switch mode power supply. A disconnect switch is coupled to a third terminal of the control circuit and the LED string.
1. A Light Emitting Diode (LED) driver circuit for driving an LED string comprising:
an input voltage source;
a switch-mode power supply for supplying regulated current to the LED string, the switch-mode power supply having a first terminal coupled to the input voltage source, a second terminal coupled to the LED string, and a third terminal coupled to a pulse width modulated input adapted to enable and to disable the switch-mode power supply repetitively at a low frequency rate;
a zero current detector for detecting output current of the switch-mode power supply becoming substantially zero, the zero current detector coupled to the second terminal of the switch-mode power supply;
a control circuit having a first terminal coupled to the pulse width modulated input and a second terminal coupled to the zero current detector;
a disconnect switch coupled to a third terminal of the control circuit and the LED string; and
an output filter capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the LED string and the switch mode power supply and a second terminal coupled to the disconnect switch.
2. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the zero current detector is coupled to the first terminal of the switch mode power supply.
3. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein:
the control circuit is adapted to enable and to disable the disconnect switch in response to the pulse width modulated input;
the disconnect switch is enabled by the control circuit upon receiving the pulse width modulated input;
the disconnect switch is disabled upon the zero current detector detecting substantially zero output current of the switch-mode power supply.
4. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the switch-mode power supply is a Single-Ended Primary-Inductor Converter (SEPIC) switch-mode power supply.
5. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the switch-mode power supply is a buck-boost type switch-mode power supply.
6. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the switch-mode power supply is a boost type switch-mode power supply.
7. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the switch-mode power supply is comprising an inductor having a second terminal coupled to the LED string and the first terminal of the output filter capacitor.
8. The LED driver circuit of claim 7 , wherein the zero current detector is a voltage comparator detecting post-conduction voltage oscillation at the second terminal of the inductor.
9. The LED driver circuit of claim 7 , wherein the zero current detector is a voltage comparator detecting a substantially zero-voltage at the second terminal of the inductor.
10. The LED driver circuit of claim 4 , wherein the switch-mode power supply is comprising a second inductor having a terminal coupled to the LED string and the first terminal of the output filter capacitor, and wherein the zero current detector is coupled to the terminal of the second inductor.
11. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the control circuit comprises a latch having a set input coupled to the second terminal of the control circuit, a reset input coupled to the first terminal of the control circuit and an output signal coupled to the third terminal of the control circuit.
12. The LED driver circuit of claim 11 , wherein the control circuit further comprises
an enable gate having a first input coupled to the first terminal of the control circuit, a second input coupled to the second terminal of the control circuit, and an output coupled to the reset input of the latch.
13. LED driver circuit of claim 12 , wherein the control circuit further comprises an inverter gate having an input coupled to the first terminal of the control circuit and an output coupled to first input of the enable gate.
14. The LED driver circuit of claim 1 , wherein the disconnect switch comprises:
a p-channel field-effect transistor having a drain terminal coupled to the LED string and a source terminal coupled to ground;
a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to a gate terminal of the transistor and a second terminal coupled to ground;
a filter resistor having a first terminal coupled to the gate terminal of the transistor and the second terminal of the capacitor;
a charge-pump capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the control circuit and a second terminal coupled to a second terminal of the filter resistor;
a charge pump diode having a first terminal coupled to the second terminals of the charge-pump capacitor and the filter resistor and a second terminal coupled to ground.
15. The LED driver circuit of claim 14 , wherein the disconnect switch is further comprising:
a charge pump oscillator generating a high-frequency clock signal;
a charge pump driver having an input and an output, the output of the charge pump driver coupled to the first terminal of the charge-pump capacitor;
an modulator gate having a first input coupled the third terminal of the control circuit, a second input coupled to the charge pump oscillator, and an output coupled to the input of the charge-pump driver.