Apparatus, controller, and device for touch sensor hand-configuration analysis based at least on a distribution of capacitance values
In certain embodiments, an apparatus includes controller circuitry and a touch sensor that includes first electrodes. The controller circuitry is configured to measure first capacitance values during a first time period, each first capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode. The controller circuitry is also configured to determine a first hand-usage value based at least on a distribution of the first capacitance values. The controller circuitry is also configured to estimate a hand-usage state based at least on the first hand-usage value. The hand-usage state indicates one of the following hand configurations: right-handed interaction with the touch sensor, left-handed interaction with the touch sensor, or two-handed interaction with the touch sensor.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a touch sensor comprising a plurality of first electrodes, the plurality of first electrodes comprising an array of electrodes, the array of electrodes comprising a start electrode at a first end of the array of electrodes and an end electrode at a second end of the array of electrodes opposite the first end; and
controller circuitry configured to:
measure a plurality of first capacitance values during a first time period, each first capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes;
determine, based on the plurality of first capacitance values, a touch position;
determine a first skewness value based at least in part on a calculated position of the touch position relative to a difference between a start position of the start electrode and an end position of the end electrode; and
estimate a hand-usage state based at least on the first skewness value, the hand-usage state indicating one of the following hand configurations:
right-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
left-handed interaction with the touch sensor; or
two-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
wherein the controller circuitry is configured to determine the first skewness value according the following equation:
skewness_value
=
∑
y
=
start
end
(
y
-
touch_position
σ
)
3
end
-
start
,
where
start represents the start position;
end represents the end position;
y represents a position of a particular electrode of the array of electrodes;
touch position represents the calculated position of the touch position; and
σ represents a standard deviation.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the first skewness value is further determined based at least on a distribution of the plurality of first capacitance values; and
the hand-usage state further indicates a type of an object interacting with the touch sensor, wherein the type of the object is a finger, a thumb, or a stylus.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller circuitry is further configured to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during a second time period occurring after the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes; and
determine a second skewness value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values;
wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second skewness values.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the hand-usage state indicates a likelihood that the touch sensor was operated with the indicated hand configuration during the first time period.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first capacitance values are measured using self-capacitance measurements.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller circuitry is further configured to communicate the hand-usage state to an operating system associated with the apparatus, the operating system configured to adjust, based at least on the hand-usage state, one or more parameters associated with a graphical user interface.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the touch sensor further comprises a plurality of second electrodes; and
the controller circuitry is further configured to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective second electrode of the plurality of second electrodes; and
determine a second hand-usage value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values, wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second hand-usage values.
8. A controller comprising:
a processor; and
a memory comprising logic operable, when executed by the processor, to:
measure a plurality of first capacitance values during a first time period, each first capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of a plurality of first electrodes, the plurality of first electrodes comprising an array of electrodes, the array of electrodes comprising a start electrode at a first end of the array of electrodes and an end electrode at a second end of the array of electrodes opposite the first end;
determine, based on the plurality of first capacitance values, a touch position;
determine a first skewness value based at least in part on a calculated position of the touch position relative to a difference between a start position of the start electrode and an end position of the end electrode; and
estimate a hand-usage state based at least on the first skewness value, the hand-usage state indicating one of the following hand configurations:
right-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
left-handed interaction with the touch sensor; or
two-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
wherein controller circuitry is configured to determine the first skewness value according the following equation:
skewness_value
=
∑
y
=
start
end
(
y
-
touch_position
σ
)
3
end
-
start
,
where
start represents the start position;
end represents the end position;
y represents a position of a particular electrode of the array of electrodes;
touch position represents the calculated position of the touch position; and
σ represents a standard deviation.
9. The controller of claim 8 , wherein:
the first skewness value is further determined based at least on a distribution of the plurality of first capacitance values; and
the hand-usage state further indicates a type of an object interacting with the touch sensor, wherein the type of the object is a finger, a thumb, or a stylus.
10. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the logic is further operable, when executed by the processor, to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during a second time period occurring after the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes; and
determine a second skewness value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values;
wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second skewness values.
11. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the hand-usage state indicates a likelihood that the touch sensor was operated with the indicated hand configuration during the first time period.
12. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the first capacitance values are measured using self-capacitance measurements.
13. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the logic is further operable, when executed by the processor, to communicate the hand-usage state to an operating system associated with the apparatus, the operating system configured to adjust, based at least on the hand-usage state, one or more parameters associated with a graphical user interface.
14. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the logic is further operable, when executed by the processor, to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective second electrode of a plurality of second electrodes; and
determine a second hand-usage value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values, wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second hand-usage values.
15. A device comprising:
a touch sensor comprising:
a touch panel; and
a plurality of first electrodes comprising an array of electrodes, the array of electrodes comprising a start electrode at a first end of the array of electrodes and an end electrode at a second end of the array of electrodes opposite the first end; a display; and
controller circuitry configured to:
measure a plurality of first capacitance values during a first time period, each first capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes;
determine, based on the plurality of first capacitance values, a touch position;
determine a first skewness value based at least in part on a calculated position of the touch position relative to a difference between a start position of the start electrode and an end position of the end electrode; and
estimate a hand-usage state based at least on the first skewness value, the hand-usage state indicating one of the following hand configurations:
right-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
left-handed interaction with the touch sensor; or
two-handed interaction with the touch sensor;
wherein
the controller circuitry is configured to determine the first skewness value according the following equation:
skewness_value
=
∑
y
=
start
end
(
y
-
touch_position
σ
)
3
end
-
start
,
where
start represents the start position;
end represents the end position;
y represents a position of a particular electrode of the array of electrodes;
touch position represents the calculated position of the touch position; and
σ represents a standard deviation.
16. The device of claim 15 , wherein the controller circuitry is further configured to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during a second time period occurring after the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective first electrode of the plurality of first electrodes; and
determine a second skewness value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values;
wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second skewness values.
17. The device of claim 15 , wherein the controller circuitry is further configured to communicate the hand-usage state to an operating system associated with the apparatus, the operating system configured to adjust, based at least on the hand-usage state, one or more parameters associated with a graphical user interface.
18. The device of claim 15 , wherein:
the touch sensor further comprises a plurality of second electrodes separated from the plurality of first electrodes by an insulator, wherein the second electrodes are operable, when operated by the controller circuitry, to capacitively couple with one or more of the first electrodes across the insulator; and the controller circuitry is further configured to:
measure a plurality of second capacitance values during the first time period, each second capacitance value associated with a respective second electrode of the plurality of second electrodes; and
determine a second hand-usage value based at least on a distribution of the plurality of second capacitance values, wherein the determination of the hand-usage state is based at least on the first and second hand-usage values.
19. The device of claim 15 , wherein:
the first skewness value is further determined based at least on a distribution of the plurality of first capacitance values; and
the hand-usage state further indicates a type of an object interacting with the touch sensor, wherein the type of the object is a finger, a thumb, or a stylus.