Display apparatus having light emitting device with inclined electrode and method of manufacturing the same
A display apparatus includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, the first electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface, a second electrode facing the first electrode in parallel on the substrate, the second electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface, and a plurality of light-emitting devices separate from each other on the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-emitting devices each having a first end contacting the upper surface of the first portion of the first electrode and a second end contacting the upper surface of the first portion of the second electrode.
1. A method of manufacturing a display apparatus, the method comprising:
forming a first conductive layer on an insulation surface on a substrate;
forming, by patterning the first conductive layer, a pair of a first electrode and a second electrode having first portions that have flat upper surfaces and second portions that protrude from the first portions and have inclined surfaces;
applying, onto the first electrode and the second electrode, a solvent including a plurality of light-emitting devices;
aligning the plurality of light-emitting devices by assigning different electric polarities to the first electrode and the second electrode so that first and second ends of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices respectively contact the flat upper surfaces of the first portions of the first electrode and the second electrode;
forming a first connection electrode that contacts the first end of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices and the first electrode, the first connection electrode covering a portion of the first end of each of the plurality of light emitting devices such that the portion of the first end of each of the plurality of light emitting devices is interposed between the flat upper surface of the first portion of the first electrode and the corresponding first connection electrode, the first connection electrode covering at least a portion of an upper surface of the first electrode; and
forming a second connection electrode that contacts the second end of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices and the second electrode, the second connection electrode covering at least a portion of an upper surface of the second electrode.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein an electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode due to the electric polarities assigned to the first electrode and the second electrode, and an electric field gradient at an upper corner of each of the first portions of the first electrode and the second electrode is greater than that at a top of each of the second portions of the first and second electrodes.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a cross-section of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode has a semicircle shape.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
forming a second conductive layer that covers the plurality of light-emitting devices and the pair of electrodes; wherein
the first connection electrode and the second connection electrode are formed by patterning the second conductive layer.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the forming of the first electrode and the second electrode includes:
disposing, above the first conductive layer, a mask that has a gradually variable light transmittance in areas of the mask that correspond to the inclined surfaces of the second portions; and
patterning the first conductive layer by using the mask.
6. A display apparatus, comprising:
a substrate;
a first electrode on the substrate, the first electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface;
a second electrode facing the first electrode in parallel on the substrate, the second electrode including a first portion that has a flat upper surface and a second portion that protrudes from the first portion and has an inclined surface;
a plurality of light-emitting devices separate from each other on the first electrode and the second electrode, the light-emitting devices each having a first end contacting the flat upper surface of the first portion of the first electrode and a second end contacting the flat upper surface of the first portion of the second electrode;
a first connection electrode that contacts the first end of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices and the first electrode, the first connection electrode covering a portion of the first end of each of the plurality of light emitting devices such that the portion of the first end of each of the plurality of light emitting devices is interposed between the flat upper surface of the first portion of the first electrode and the corresponding first connection electrode; and
a second connection electrode that contacts the second end of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices and the second electrode,
wherein the first connection electrode covers at least a portion of an upper surface of the first electrode, and the second connection electrode covers at least a portion of an upper surface of the second electrode.
7. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is less than a length of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices.
8. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein an angle of the inclined surface of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode ranges between about 30 degrees and about 60 degrees.
9. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein an angle of the inclined surface of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode continuously changes.
10. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein an angle of the inclined surface of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode is 90 degrees.
11. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode includes a first inclined surface on a side facing away from the plurality of light-emitting devices and a second inclined surface on an opposite side facing towards the plurality of light-emitting devices.
12. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the first inclined surface has an angle of 90 degrees and the second inclined surface has an angle of greater than 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
13. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a cross-section of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode has a semicircle shape.
14. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a cross-section of the second portion of at least one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode has a right-angled triangle shape.
15. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the first portion and the second portion of each of the first and second electrodes have bilateral symmetry.
16. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising:
a thin film transistor connected to one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode; and
a power line connected to one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode.
17. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the power line is disposed on a layer below a layer on which the first electrode and the second electrode are disposed.
18. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a sum of a length of the first portion of one selected from the first electrode and the second electrode and a distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is less than a length of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices.
19. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a height of the second portion of each of the first and second electrodes is equal to or greater than a diameter of each of the plurality of light-emitting devices.
20. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising:
a first electrode line extending in a first direction and electrically connected to the first electrode, on the substrate; and
a second electrode line extending in a second direction different from the first direction and electrically connected to the second electrode, on the substrate.