Pick-and-remove system with deformable contact surface
A system and method are provided for repairing an emissive display. Following assembly, the emissive substrate is inspected to determine defective array sites, and defect items are removed using a pick-and-remove process. In one aspect, the emissive substrate includes an array of wells, with emissive elements located in the wells, but not electrically connected to the emissive substrate. If the emissive elements are light emitting diodes (LEDs), then the emissive substrate is exposed to ultraviolet illumination to photoexcite the array of LED, so that LED illumination can be measured to determine defective array sites. The defect items may be determined to be misaligned, mis-located, or non-functional emissive elements, or debris. Subsequent to determining these defect items, the robotic pick-and-remove process is used to remove them. The pick-and-remove process can also be repurposed to populate empty wells with replacement emissive elements.
1. An emissive display repair system, the system comprising: an inspection subsystem for inspecting an emissive substrate with an array of wells and determining defective array sites, where each well is configured with a solderable electrical interface and populated with emissive elements located in the wells, and where each emissive element is configured with a solderable electrical interface that is not solder connected to the emissive substrate well solderable interface; a pick-and-remove subsystem for removing defect items from the emissive substrate comprising: a transfer head with a deformable contact surface area that adheres to a defect item; and a replacement subsystem for populating empty wells with replacement emissive elements, the replacement subsystem using a process selected from the group consisting of fluidic assembly or a repurposed pick-and-remove device.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the emissive elements are light emitting diodes (LEDs);
wherein inspection subsystem comprises:
an illuminator for irradiating the emissive substrate with ultraviolet (UV) spectrum light and photoexciting the LEDs; and,
a dual-mode image sensor for measuring visual contrast and edge detection in a first mode, and wavelength-specific filtration in a second mode to identify functional LEDs.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein the inspection subsystem determines defect items selected from a group consisting of missing emissive elements, misaligned emissive elements, mis-located emissive elements, non-functional emissive elements, and debris.
4. The system of claim 3 wherein the inspection subsystem determines a defect item selected from the group consisting of misaligned emissive elements, mis-located emissive elements, non-functional emissive elements, or debris; and,
wherein the pick-and-remove subsystem uses a robotic pick-and-remove device to remove the defect item.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein the transfer head becomes adhesively attached to a defect item in response to expanding the contact area.
6. The system of claim 2 wherein the sensor measures a characteristic selected from the group consisting of photoluminescence intensity and photoluminescence wavelengths.
7. The system of claim 2 wherein the sensor measures red-green-blue (RGB) color mapping.
8. The system of claim 2 wherein the sensor is selected from a group consisting of a spectroscope, charge-coupled device (CCD), and CMOS sensor.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein the transfer head contact surface and defect item are inherently adhesive.
10. The system of claim 1 wherein the transfer head contact surface is coated with an adhesive material.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein the pick-and-remove subsystem further comprises a solvent bath to dissolve the adhesive and remove the defect item from the transfer head contact surface.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein the transfer head contact surface expands to form a convex contact surface with a first radius of curvature adhering to the defect item.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein the transfer head contact surface releases the defect item in response to a translation movement creating friction between the defect item and a release surface.
14. An emissive display repair system, the system comprising: an inspection subsystem for inspecting an emissive substrate with an array of wells and determining defective array sites, where each well is configured with a solderable electrical interface and populated with emissive elements located in the wells, and where each emissive element is configured with a solderable electrical interface that is not solder connected to the emissive substrate well solderable interface; a pick-and-remove subsystem for removing defect items from the emissive substrate comprising: a transfer head with a deformable contact surface area that adheres to a defect item; and a replacement subsystem for populating empty wells with replacement emissive elements comprising: the transfer head with deformable contact surface area that is adhesively attached to a replacement emissive element.
15. The system of claim 14 wherein the transfer head contact surface forms a concave surface with a first radius of curvature that is adhesively attached to the replacement element.
16. The system of claim 15 wherein the transfer head contact surface forms a concave surface with a second radius of curvature, greater than the first radius of curvature, to release the replacement element.