US 4725345A
· Sakamoto et al.
· 1988
[cited by applicant]
US 5266409A
· Schmidt et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5397644A
· Yamashita
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5989672A
· Hayashi
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
US 6599651B1
· Saitou et al.
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 8569389B2
· Tsai et al.
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 8916451B2
· Bayram et al.
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
US 8941950B2
· Yuan et al.
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
US 9269981B2
· Iyuke et al.
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
US 20020051903A1
· Masuko et al.
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
US 20030082833A1
· Yu et al.
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 20070132375A1
· Bachmann et al.
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
US 20120141799A1
· Kub et al.
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
US 20130214875A1
· Duncan et al.
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 20140248513A1
· Takizawa et al.
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
US 20170047223A1
· Wang et al.
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
US 20170186457A1
· Ng et al.
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
US 20190088420A1
· Tour et al.
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
CN 1414644A
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
CN 102509694A
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
CN 102576890A
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
CN 104080945A
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
CN 104278241A
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
CN 106061893A
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
CN 107003275A
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
CN 109534315A
· 2019
[cited by applicant]
DE 102009034573A1
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
EP 2811049A1
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
JP 09091686A
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
JP 2002143185A
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
JP 02002312923A
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
JP 2005203216A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
JP 2005523050A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
JP 2007265916A
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
JP 2011142082A
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
JP 2011148686A
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
JP 2014004166A
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
JP 201910013A
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
KR 20020048531A
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
KR 1020090012304A
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
KR 20160044977A
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
KR 102360025B1
· 2022
[cited by applicant]
KR 102450915B1
· 2022
[cited by applicant]
WO 0209242A2
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
WO 03065881A2
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
WO 2016042309A1
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
WO 2018156082A1
· 2018
[cited by applicant]
WO 2020027728A1
· 2020
[cited by applicant]
WO 2021054900A1
· 2021
[cited by applicant]
Adliene et al.; Materials Science and Engineering B 152; 91-95. ; 2008.
[cited by examiner]
Office Action and Search Report received in Chinese Application No. 202180033843.X dated Dec. 18, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 16/181,656 mailed Dec. 3, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report received in European Application No. 18757600.4 mailed Nov. 19, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received in International Application No. PCT/SG2018/050082 issued Aug. 27, 2019.
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report received in International Application No. PCT/SG2018/050082 mailed May 14, 2018.
[cited by applicant]
Casiraghi et al., “Dynamic Roughening of Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 91, No. 22, pp. 226104-1-226104-4 (2003).
[cited by applicant]
D'Angelo et al., “Micropatterned Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Guides Mesenchymal Stem Cells Towards Neuronal Differentiation”, European Cells and Materials, vol. 20, pp. 231-244 (2010).
[cited by applicant]
Mattioli et al., “Nanostructured Polystyrene Films Engineered by Plasma Processes: Surface Characterization and Stem Cell Interaction”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, pp. 40427 (1-10) (2014).
[cited by applicant]
Joo et al., “Realization of continuous Zachariasen carbon monolayer”, Science Advances, vol. 3, pp. 1-8 (2017).
[cited by applicant]
Kotakoski et al., “From Point Defects in Graphene to Two-Dimensional Amorphous Carbon”, Physical Review Letters, vol. 106, No. 10, pp. 105505-1-105505-4 (2011).
[cited by applicant]
Suk et al., Mechanical measurements of ultra-thin amorphous carbon membranes using scanning atomic force microscopy, Carbon, vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 2220-2225 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Japanese Application No. 2019-546155 mailed Nov. 17, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 15/901,099 mailed Apr. 1, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 16/049,034 mailed Mar. 31, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Kotakoski et al., “Toward Two-Dimensional All-Caron Heterostructures via lon Beam Patterning of Single-Layer Graphene”, Nano Letters, vol. 15, pp. 5944-5949 (2015).
[cited by applicant]
Zhao et al., “Sythesis of large-scale undoped and nitrogen-doped amorphous graphene on MgO substrate by chemical vapor deposition”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 22, pp. 19679-19683 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Chinese Application No. 201980050734.1 dated Mar. 30, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Ran et al., “Fabrication and Structure Characterization of Quasi-2-Dimensional Amorphous Carbon Structures”, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 28 (7), pp. 1551-1555 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Kotakoski et al., “From Point Defects in Graphene to Two-Dimensional Amorphous Carbon”, Physical Review Letters, PRL 106, pp. 105505-1 to 105505-4 (2011).
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Japanese Application No. 201980050734.1 issued Sep. 13, 2021.
[cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance received in Japanese Application No. 2019-546155.
[cited by applicant]
Mattioli et al., “Nanostructered Polystyrene Films Engineered by Plasma Processes: Surface Characterization and Stem Cell Interaction”, Journal Applied Polymer Science, Wiley Periodicals Inc., vol. 131, pp. 40427 (1-10)…
[cited by applicant]
Mattioli et al., “Nanostructured Polystyrene Films Engineered by Plasma Processes: Surface Characterization and Stem Cell Interaction”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Wiley Periodicals, Inc., vol. 131, pp. 40427 (1…
[cited by applicant]
Official Action received in Japanese Application No. 2021-505189 dated Sep. 16, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Action received in Korean Application No. 10-2019-7027503 dated Nov. 11, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Action received in Korean Application No. 10-2021-7001792 dated Oct. 31, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Chinese Application No. 201880013364.X issued Sep. 14, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Japanese Application No. 2022-117400 issued Sep. 12, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Mattioli et al., “Nanostructured Polystyrene Films Engineered by Plasma Processes: Surface Characterization and Stem Cell Interaction”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, DOI: 10.1002/app.40427 (2014).
[cited by applicant]
Ran et al., “Fabrication and Structure Characterization of Quasi-2-Dimensional Amorphous Carbon Structures”, Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica vol. 28, No. 7, pp. 1551-1555 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Notification of Re-examination received in Chinese Application No. 201980050734.1 mailed Nov. 27, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Decision of Final Rejection received in Chinese Application No. 201980050734.1 issued Jan. 5, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 15/901,099 mailed Jan. 13, 2021.
[cited by applicant]
Ferrari, A.C. et al. “Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon.” Physical Review B 61, 14095-14107 (2000).
[cited by applicant]
Robertson, J. “Ultrathin carbon coatings for magnetic storage technology.” Thin Solid Films 383, 81-88 (2001).
[cited by applicant]
Hu, S. et al. “Proton transport through one-atom-thick crystals.” Nature 516, 227-230 (2014).
[cited by applicant]
Das, S. et al. “Measurements of adhesion energy of graphene to metallic substrates.” Carbon 59, 121-129 (2013).
[cited by applicant]
Schriver, M. et al. “Graphene as a Long-Term Metal Oxidation Barrier: Worse Than Nothing” ACS Nano 7, 5763-5768 (2013).
[cited by applicant]
Wang, J. S. et al. “The mechanical performance of DLC films on steel substrates.” Thin Solid Films 325, 163-174 (1998).
[cited by applicant]
Leng, Y. X. et al. “Mechanical properties and platelet adhesion behavior of diamond-like carbon films synthesized by pulsed vacuum arc plasma deposition.” Surface Science 531, 177-184 (2003).
[cited by applicant]
Maguire, P. D. et al. “Mechanical stability, corrosion performance and bioresponse of amorphous diamond-like carbon for medical stents and guidewires.” Diamond and Related Materials 14, 1277-1288 (2005).
[cited by applicant]
Marcon, et al. “The head-disk interface roadmap to an areal density of 4 Tbit/in2.” Advances in Tribology 2013, 1-8 (2013).
[cited by applicant]
Discher, D. E., Mooney, D. J. & Zandstra, P. W. “Growth Factors, Matrices, and Forces Combine and Control Stem Cells.” Science 324, 1673-1677 (2009).
[cited by applicant]
Spradling, A., Drummond-Barbosa, D. & Kai, T. “Stem cells find their niche.” Nature 414, 98-104 (2001).
[cited by applicant]
Murry, C. E. & Keller, G. “Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells to Clinically Relevant Populations: Lessons from Embryonic Development.” Cell 132, 661-680 (2008).
[cited by applicant]
Engler, A. J., Sen, S., Sweeney, H. L. & Discher, D. E. “Matrix Elasticity Directs Stem Cell Lineage Specification.” Cell 126, 677-689 (2006).
[cited by applicant]
Dalby, M. J. et al. “The control of human mesenchymal cell differentiation using nanoscale symmetry and disorder.” Nature Materials 6, 997-1003 (2007).
[cited by applicant]
Trappmann, B. et al. “Extracellular-matrix tethering regulates stem-cell fate.” Nature Materials 11, 642-649 (2012).
[cited by applicant]
Lee, H. et al. “Establishment of feeder-free culture system for human induced pluripotent stem cell on DAS hanocrystalline graphene.” Scientific Reports 6, 20708 (2016).
[cited by applicant]
Choi, W. J. et al. “Effects of substrate conductivity on cell morphogenesis and proliferation using tailored, atomic layer deposition-grown ZnO thin films.” Scientific Reports 5, 9974 (2015).
[cited by applicant]
Huang et al.; Synthesis of Large-Scale Undoped and Nitrogen-Doped Amorphous graphene on MgO Substrate by Chemical Vapor Deposition; J. Mater. Chem., 22, 19679; 2012.
[cited by applicant]
Chae et al., “Mass Transport through a Proton Exchange Membrane (Nafion) in Microbial Fuel Cells”, Energy & Fuels, 22, pp. 169-176 (2008).
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 15/901,099 mailed Aug. 19, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 16/049,034 mailed Aug. 21, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 16/181,656 mailed Aug. 19, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Dwivedi et al., “Understanding the Role of Nitrogen in Plasma-Assisted Surface Modification of Magnetic Recording Media with and without Ultrathin Carbon Overcoats”, Scientific Reports, vol. 5; No. 7772; pp. 1-13 (2015).
[cited by applicant]
Pathem et al., Carbon Overcoat Oxidation in Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording; IEEE Transactions on Magentics; vol. 49; No. 7; pp. 3721-3724 (2013).
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion received in International Application No. PCT/SG2019/050374 mailed Oct. 3, 2019.
[cited by applicant]
Choi et al., “Effects of substrate conductivity on cell morphogenesis and proliferation using tailored, atomic layer deposition-grown ZnO thin films”, Scientific Reports, vol. 5, 9974 pp. 1-9 (2015).
[cited by applicant]
Japanese Office Action received in Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-166403 mailed Jan. 18, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in Japanese Application No. 2019-546155 mailed Jun. 8, 2021.
[cited by applicant]
Notification of Fulfilling of Registration Formality (Notice of Grant of Patent) received in Chinese Application No. 201980050734.1 dated May 1, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Extended European Search Report received in European Application No. 18757600.4 dated Nov. 19, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Notice of Reasons for Refusal received in Japanese Application No. 2019-546155 dated Nov. 17, 2020.
[cited by applicant]
Decision to Grant a Patent received in Japanese Application No. 2021-166403 dated Jun. 4, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Decision to Grant a Patent received in Japanese Application No. 2022-117400 dated May 7, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Notice of Allowance received in Korean Application No. 10-2019-7027503 dated Jul. 26, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Notice for Eligibility of Grant received in Singapore Application No. 11201907148S dated Dec. 7, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Third Office Action received in Chinese Application No. 201980050734.1 dated Jun. 22, 2022.
[cited by applicant]
Patent Decision received in Korean Application No. 10-2021-7001792 dated May 22, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Notice of Reasons for Refusal received in Japanese Application No. 2022-554483 dated Nov. 1, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Office Action received in U.S. Application No. 17/910, 180 dated Jan. 18, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Luo et al., “Influence of Source and Drain Contacts on the Properties of Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin-Film Transistors based on Amorphous Carbon Nanofilm as Barrier Layer”, Applied Materials and Interfaces, vol. 7, pp…
[cited by applicant]
Notification of Transmittal and International Search Report and Written Opinion received in PCT Application No. PCT/SG2021/050118 dated May 28, 2021.
[cited by applicant]
Zheng et al., “Interconnected hollow carbon nonospheres for stable lithium metal anodes”, Nature Nanotechnology, vol. 9, pp. 618-623 (2014).
[cited by applicant]
First Office Action received in Chinese Application No. 202180033843.X dated Dec. 18, 2023.
[cited by applicant]
Joo et al., “Realization of continuous Zachariasen carbon monlayer”, Science Advances, vol. 3, pp. 1-8 (2017).
[cited by applicant]
Written Opinion received in Singapore Application No. 11202252887H dated Sep. 13, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Toh et al., “Synthesis and properties of free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon”, Nature, vol. 577, pp. 199-115 (2020).
[cited by applicant]
Final Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 17/910,180 Aug. 14, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Toh et al., “Synthesis and properties of free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon”, Nature; vol. 577; pp. 199-203 (2002).
[cited by applicant]
Joo et al., “Realization of continuous Zachariasen carbon monolayer”, Science Advances; vol. 3; pp. e1601821:1-e1601821:8 (2017).
[cited by applicant]
Li et al., “The van der Waals epitaxy of Bi2Se3 on the vicinal Si(111) surface: an approach for preparing high-quality thin films of a topological insulator”, New Journal of Physics; vol. 12, 103038 (11 pp) (2010).
[cited by applicant]
European Search Report received in European Application No. 21768280.6 dated Apr. 3, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
Non-Final Office Action received in U.S. Appl. No. 17/910,180 dated Apr. 10, 2024.
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion received in PCT Application No. PCT/SG2021/050118 dated May 28, 2021.
[cited by applicant]
Felix et al., “On the Mechanical Properties and Thermal Stability of a Recently Synthesized Monolayer Amorphous Carbon”, The Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol. 124, pp. 14855-14860 (2020).
[cited by applicant]
Second Office Action received in Chinese Application No. 201880013364.X issued Mar. 20, 2024.
[cited by applicant]