Salt bath compositions, salt bath systems, and processes for strengthening glass articles
Embodiments described herein are directed to compositions, systems, and processes for strengthening glass articles, which also minimize the concentration of decomposition products in the molten salt baths used in ion exchange processes to extend salt bath life and maintain the chemical durability of strengthened glass articles over time. The salt bath compositions may generally include from 90 wt. % to 99.9 wt. % of one or more alkali or metal salts and from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of silicic acid aggregates based on the total weight of the salt bath composition.
1. A salt bath system for strengthening glass article, the salt bath system comprising:
a molten salt bath tank defining an interior volume enclosed by at least one sidewall; and a salt bath composition within the interior volume and comprising:
from 90 wt. % to 99.5 wt. % of one or more alkali or alkaline earth metal salts based on the total weight of the salt bath composition; and
from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of silicic acid aggregates based on the total weight of the salt bath composition, wherein the silicic acid aggregates have an average size of from 50 μm to 400 μm.
2. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises one or more sieves coupled to the sidewall, wherein at least a portion of the silicic acid aggregates are contained within the one or more sieves.
3. The salt bath system of claim 2 , wherein the one or more sieves have a mesh number greater than or equal to 70.
4. The salt bath system of claim 2 , wherein the portion of the silicic acid aggregates comprises from 25% to 80% of a total amount of the silicic acid aggregates.
5. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises an agitator.
6. The salt bath system of claim 5 , wherein the agitator comprises a stirrer.
7. The salt bath system of claim 5 , wherein the agitator comprises a gas injection system.
8. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein the silicic acid aggregates have an average size of from 50 μm to 200 μm.
9. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein the silicic acid aggregates have an average size of from 200 μm to 400 μm.
10. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the silicic acid aggregates have an average size less than or equal to 400 μm.
11. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the silicic acid aggregates have an average size greater than or equal to 50 μm.
12. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein an average surface area of the silicic acid aggregates is greater than or equal to 200 m 2 /g.
13. The salt bath system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more alkali metal salts comprise potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, lithium nitrate, or combinations of these.