Photovoltaic module
A photovoltaic module includes an encapsulated photovoltaic element and an infrared-transmissive decorative overlay simulating conventional roofing.
1. A photovoltaic module having an upper surface and a lower surface, the photovoltaic module comprising:
a photovoltaic element comprising a plurality of active layers, the photovoltaic element having an upper surface; and
a three-dimensional surface disposed over the active layers of the photovoltaic element, wherein the three-dimensional surface is formed as a surface relief in a continuous body of material extending over the plurality of active layers of the photovoltaic element;
an encapsulant resin layer positioned above the upper surface of the photovoltaic element; and
an overlay embedded within the encapsulant resin layer, wherein the three-dimensional surface disposed over the active layers of the photovoltaic element is a surface of the overlay.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the surface relief is an embossed or molded surface.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional surface is the upper surface of the photovoltaic module.
4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1 , wherein the surface relief simulates the appearance of a roofing material.
5. A photovoltaic module having an upper surface and a lower surface, the photovoltaic module comprising:
a photovoltaic element comprising a plurality of active layers, the photovoltaic element having an upper surface;
an encapsulant resin layer encapsulating the photovoltaic element; and
an decorative layer visible from the upper surface of the module and disposed under the encapsulant resin layer, the decorative layer having a pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation, the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation being formed by a pattern of one or more pigments selectively absorbing portions of the visible spectrum.
6. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation is formed by a pattern of individual pigmented regions.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein, the pattern is formed by a pattern of dots of pigment, wherein areas of the pattern are free of pigment.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the pattern of dots has a frequency in the range of 30-200 lines per inch.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the pattern of selective absorbance of visible radiation is formed by a pattern of regions of two or more differently-colored inks or coating compositions, the pattern having a frequency no more than 200 lines per inch.
10. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer simulates the appearance of a roofing shingle; a clay, ceramic or cementitious roofing tile, or a polymeric roofing panel.
11. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer is formed as a film comprising an infrared-transmissive carrier film and one or more coating layers or inks disposed thereon, each coating layer or ink comprising one or more pigments and a binder.
12. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the one or more pigments include at least one infrared-transmissive pigment.
13. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer is formed of ink or coating material bearing the one or more pigments applied directly to a surface of the encapsulant resin layer.
14. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer is disposed above the upper surface of the photovoltaic element.
15. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer provided as part of a decorative overlay disposed above the upper surface of the photovoltaic element, the decorative overlay including an infrared-transmissive film having a pattern of the one or more pigments disposed thereon.
16. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , further comprising a cover member disposed over the encapsulant resin layer, the cover member being made of glass or of a polymer film or sheet.
17. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer is disposed between the cover member and the encapsulant resin layer.
18. The photovoltaic module of claim 5 , wherein the decorative layer is embedded in the encapsulant resin layer.