Average power tracking systems with fast transient settling
Average power tracking (APT) systems with fast transient settling are disclosed. In certain embodiments, an APT system is used to provide a power amplifier supply voltage to a power amplifier that amplifies a radio frequency (RF) signal. The APT system controls the power amplifier supply voltage to track an average power of the RF signal, and includes a DC-to-DC converter that is assisted by an error amplifier in transitioning from one power amplifier supply voltage level to another power amplifier supply voltage level. Thus, the combination of a DC-to-DC converter with a fast changing error amplifier can swing enough AC voltage with a low enough slew rate to be able to rapidly transition the power amplifier supply voltage from one APT voltage level to another APT voltage level.
1. A mobile device comprising:
a transceiver configured to generate a radio frequency signal;
a front-end system including a power amplifier configured to amplify the radio frequency signal, the power amplifier configured to receive power from a power amplifier supply voltage; and
a power management system configured to provide the power amplifier supply voltage to the power amplifier, the power management system including an AC coupling capacitor, a feedback circuit, a DC-to-DC converter having an output configured to regulate the power amplifier supply voltage, and an error amplifier configured to operate in combination with one another to transition the power amplifier supply voltage from a first average power tracking voltage level to a second average power tracking voltage level, the error amplifier having a first input controlled based on the second average power tracking voltage level, a second input, and an output configured to provide a current to the output of the DC-to-DC converter by way of the AC coupling capacitor, the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit electrically connected in series between output of the error amplifier and the second input of the error amplifier, a portion of the current providing feedback from the output of the error amplifier to the second input by way of the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit.
2. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the power management system further includes a control circuit configured to control the first input of the error amplifier based on the second average power tracking voltage level.
3. The mobile device of claim 2 wherein the control circuit includes a power detector configured to control the first input of the error amplifier based on sensing an output power of the power amplifier.
4. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the DC-to-DC converter receives a reference voltage indicating the second average power tracking voltage level.
5. The mobile device of claim 4 wherein the DC-to-DC converter is configured to output a control voltage for controlling the first input of the error amplifier.
6. The mobile device of claim 1 further comprising a battery configured to provide a battery voltage to the DC-to-DC converter.
7. The mobile device of claim 6 wherein the power management system further includes a boost regulator configured to generate a boosted supply voltage for the error amplifier from the battery voltage.
8. The mobile device of claim 1 further comprising an antenna configured to transmit an amplified radio frequency signal provided from the power amplifier.
9. A method of average power tracking in a mobile device, the method comprising:
amplifying a radio frequency signal using a power amplifier;
powering the power amplifier using a power amplifier supply voltage provided by a power management system that includes an AC coupling capacitor, a feedback circuit, an error amplifier and a DC-to-DC converter, the error amplifier having a first input, and second input, and an output, and the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit electrically connected in series between output of the error amplifier and the second input of the error amplifier;
transitioning the power amplifier supply voltage from a first average power tracking voltage level to a second average power tracking voltage level using the error amplifier and the DC-to-DC converter of the power management system, the DC-to-DC converter having an output regulating the power amplifier supply voltage, the first input of the error amplifier controlled based on the second average power tracking voltage level;
providing a current from an output of the error amplifier to the output of the DC-to-DC converter by way of the AC coupling capacitor of the power management system; and
using a portion of the current to provide feedback from the output of the error amplifier to the second input by way of the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein transitioning the power amplifier supply voltage further includes controlling the first input of the error amplifier based on the second average power tracking voltage level.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising controlling the first input of the error amplifier based on sensing an output power of the power amplifier.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein transitioning the power amplifier supply voltage further includes providing a reference voltage indicating the second average power tracking voltage level to the DC-to-DC converter.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein transitioning the power amplifier supply voltage further includes outputting a control voltage from the DC-to-DC converter, and controlling the first input of the error amplifier using the control voltage.
14. A power amplifier system comprising:
a power amplifier configured to amplify a radio frequency signal, the power amplifier configured to receive power from a power amplifier supply voltage;
a DC-to-DC converter having an output configured to regulate the power amplifier supply voltage;
a feedback circuit;
an AC coupling capacitor; and
an error amplifier configured to operate in combination with the DC-to-DC converter to transition the power amplifier supply voltage from a first average power tracking voltage level to a second average power tracking voltage level, the error amplifier having a first input controlled based on the second average power tracking voltage level, a second input, and an output configured to provide a current to the output of the DC-to-DC converter by way of the AC coupling capacitor, the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit electrically connected in series between output of the error amplifier and the second input of the error amplifier, a portion of the current providing feedback from the output of the error amplifier to the second input by way of the AC coupling capacitor and the feedback circuit.
15. The power amplifier system of claim 14 further comprising a control circuit configured to control the first input of the error amplifier based on the second average power tracking voltage level.
16. The power amplifier system of claim 15 wherein the control circuit includes a power detector configured to control the first input of the error amplifier based on sensing an output power of the power amplifier.
17. The power amplifier system of claim 14 wherein the DC-to-DC converter receives a reference voltage indicating the second average power tracking voltage level.
18. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein a first terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to the output of the error amplifier, a second terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to a first terminal of the feedback circuit, and a second terminal of the feedback circuit is directly connected to the second input of the error amplifier.
19. Method of claim 10 wherein a first terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to the output of the error amplifier, a second terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to a first terminal of the feedback circuit, and a second terminal of the feedback circuit is directly connected to the second input of the error amplifier.
20. The power amplifier system of claim 14 wherein a first terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to the output of the error amplifier, a second terminal of the AC coupling capacitor is directly connected to a first terminal of the feedback circuit, and a second terminal of the feedback circuit is directly connected to the second input of the error amplifier.