Self-aligned wide backside power rail contacts to multiple transistor sources
A method of forming a semiconductor device is provided. The method includes forming a superlattice structure on a substrate and etching source and drain trenches adjacent to the superlattice structure. The source and drain trenches are expanded to form cavities, which are filled with a sacrificial material. A source region and a drain region are formed in the trenches. Contacts to the transistor and gate are formed. Backside processing is then performed by flipping the substrate, depositing an interlayer dielectric on the bottom surface, and etching a backside power rail via that is expanded into a damascene trench. The sacrificial material is removed to create openings extending to the damascene trench, and a metal fill is deposited in the openings and trench.
1 . A method of forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a superlattice structure on a top surface of a substrate, the superlattice structure comprising a plurality of horizontal channel layers and a corresponding plurality of semiconductor material layers alternatingly arranged in a plurality of stacked pairs;
forming a plurality of source trenches and a plurality of drain trenches adjacent to the superlattice structure on the substrate;
expanding at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches into a portion of the substrate, to form a source cavity and a drain cavity;
depositing a sacrificial material in the source cavity and in the drain cavity;
forming a source region and a drain region adjacent to a first end of the superlattice structure, wherein the source region and the drain region are formed in at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches;
forming a contact to a transistor (CT) and a contact to gate (CG) in electrical contact with the source region and the drain region;
depositing an interlayer dielectric material on a bottom surface of the substrate;
forming a backside power rail via in the interlayer dielectric material to form a damascene trench through the bottom surface of the substrate;
at least partially removing the sacrificial material to form at least one opening extending to the damascene trench; and
depositing a metal in the at least one opening and in the damascene trench.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the expansion of at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches comprises depositing a hard mask on at least one of the plurality of source trenches and on at least one of the plurality of drain trenches, and not depositing the hard mask on at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches, and etching at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches that do not have the deposited hard mask to form a source cavity and a drain cavity.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the sacrificial material is fully removed.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the sacrificial material comprises silicon germanium (SiGe).
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the silicon germanium (SiGe) has a germanium (Ge) content in a range of from 30% to 50%.
6 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the silicon germanium (SiGe) is doped with a dopant selected from a group consisting of boron (B), gallium (Ga), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), and combinations thereof.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the damascene trench further comprises etching the backside power rail via in the interlayer dielectric material deposed on the bottom surface of the substrate.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the corresponding plurality of semiconductor material layers and the plurality of horizontal channel layers independently comprise one or more of silicon germanium (SiGe) and silicon (Si).
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the source region and the drain region comprises growing an epitaxial layer thereon.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the source region and the drain region are independently doped with one or more of phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), boron (B), and gallium (Ga).
11 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a gate structure on a top surface of the superlattice structure.
12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising forming a dielectric layer on the gate structure and on the superlattice structure.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the gate structure comprises one or more of tungsten (W), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo), ruthenium (Ru), titanium nitride (TiN), tantalum nitride (TaN), titanium aluminum (TiAl), and n-doped polysilicon.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises one or more of titanium (Ti), titanium nitride (TiN), tantalum (Ta), tantalum nitride (TaN), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), and ruthenium (Ru).
15 . A method of forming a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
forming a superlattice structure on a top surface of a substrate, the superlattice structure comprising a plurality of horizontal channel layers and a corresponding plurality of semiconductor material layers alternatingly arranged in a plurality of stacked pairs;
forming a gate structure on a top surface of the superlattice structure;
forming a plurality of source trenches and a plurality of drain trenches adjacent to the superlattice structure on the substrate;
expanding at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches into a portion of the substrate to form a source cavity and a drain cavity;
depositing a sacrificial material in the source cavity and in the drain cavity;
forming an inner spacer layer on each of the plurality of horizontal channel layers;
forming a source region and a drain region adjacent to a first end of the superlattice structure, wherein the source region and the drain region are formed in at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches;
forming an inter-layer dielectric layer on the top surface of the substrate including the source region, the drain region, and the gate structure;
forming a replacement metal gate;
forming a contact to a transistor (CT) and a contact to the gate (CG) in electrical contact with the source region and the drain region;
forming a first metal line;
rotating the formed semiconductor device 180 degrees so that the top surface of the substrate is flipped;
planarizing a bottom surface of the flipped substrate;
depositing an interlayer dielectric material on the bottom surface of the substrate;
forming a backside power rail via in the interlayer dielectric material;
expanding the backside power rail via toward the top surface of the substrate to form a damascene trench;
removing the sacrificial material to form at least one opening; and
depositing a metal in the at least one opening and in the damascene trench.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the expansion of at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches comprises depositing a hard mask on at least one of the plurality of source trenches and on at least one of the plurality of drain trenches, and not depositing the hard mask on at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches, and etching at least one of the plurality of source trenches and at least one of the plurality of drain trenches that do not have the deposited hard mask to form a source cavity and a drain cavity.
17 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the sacrificial material comprises silicon germanium (SiGe).
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the silicon germanium (SiGe) has a germanium (Ge) content in a range of from 30% to 50%.
19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the silicon germanium (SiGe) is doped with a dopant selected from a group consisting of boron (B), gallium (Ga), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), and combinations thereof.
20 . The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the source region and the drain region comprises growing an epitaxial layer thereon.