Transparent composite for a vehicle roof
A roof for a vehicle upper body structure includes a body extending between a first side and a second side, and between a front end and a back end. The front end is configured to be coupled to a header. The body includes a polymer and a plurality of fibers. At least a portion of the body has a transparency of greater than 0% to less than or equal to about 20%. A header for a vehicle upper body structure includes an elongated body extending between a first side and a second side, a front end that is configured to be coupled to a windshield, and a back end that is configured to be coupled to a roof. The body includes a polymer and a plurality of fibers. At least a portion of the body has a transparency of greater than 0% to less than or equal to about 20%.
1. A roof for a vehicle upper body structure comprising:
a unitary body extending between a first side and a second side and extending between a front end and a back end, the unitary body comprising,
a polymer and a plurality of fibers,
the front end configured to be coupled to a header,
a first region having a first transparency, a first tensile strength, and a first volume percent of fibers, and
a second region having a second transparency, a second tensile strength, and a second volume percent of fibers,
wherein:
the first transparency is less than the second transparency,
the first tensile strength is greater than the second tensile strength,
the first volume percent of fibers is greater than the second volume percent of fibers, and
at least a first portion of the unitary body has a transparency greater than 0% to less than or equal to about 20%.
2. The roof of claim 1 , wherein, the at least a first portion of the unitary body is free of fibers and has a transparency greater than or equal to about 0.1% to less than or equal to about 5%.
3. The roof of claim 1 , wherein a local tensile strength of at least a second portion of the unitary body is greater than or equal to about 40 MPa.
4. The roof of claim 3 , wherein the local tensile strength is greater than or equal to about 1000 MPa to less than or equal to about 4000 MPa.
5. The roof of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least a first portion of the unitary body is free of fibers and has a transparency greater than or equal to about 0.1% to less than or equal to about 5%, and
a local tensile strength of at least a second portion of the unitary body is greater than or equal to about 40 MPa.
6. The roof of claim 1 wherein the unitary body defines a transparency gradient.
7. The roof of claim 1 , wherein:
the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: an epoxy, a polyurethane (PUR), a polycarbonate (PC), a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyacrylate (acrylic), a polyamide (PA), an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), co-polymers thereof, and combinations thereof; and
the plurality of fibers is selected from the group consisting of: glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, natural fibers, or any combination thereof.
8. The roof of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of fibers have an orientation selected from the group consisting of: continuous in a first planar direction, discontinuous in a first planar direction, discontinuous in a plurality of directions, or any combination thereof.
9. The roof of claim 8 , wherein:
the plurality of fibers includes a first plurality of fibers and a second plurality of fibers, and
the first plurality of fibers are oriented in a first planar direction on a first plane and the second plurality of fibers are oriented in a second planar direction on a second plane.
10. The roof of claim 1 , wherein the unitary body further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of: a pigment, an ultraviolet (UV) absorber, a quencher, a hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), or combinations thereof.
11. A roof for a vehicle upper body structure comprising:
a unitary body extending between a first side and a second side and extending between a front end and a back end, the unitary body comprising,
a polymer including a polycarbonate,
a plurality of fibers including carbon fibers, the plurality of fibers being oriented continuously in a first planar direction,
an additive including a pigment,
a first region having a first transparency, a first tensile strength, and a first volume percent of fibers, and
a second region having a second transparency, a second tensile strength, and a second volume percent of fibers,
wherein
the second transparency is greater than the first transparency,
the second tensile strength is less than the first tensile strength,
the second volume percent of fibers is less than the first volume percent of fibers, and
the second transparency is greater than or equal to about 0.25% to less than or equal to about 5%.
12. A header for a vehicle upper body structure comprising:
an elongated body extending between a first side and a second side, the elongated body comprising a polymer and a plurality of fibers, the elongated body comprising,
a front end configured to be coupled to a windshield,
a back end configured to be coupled to a roof,
a first region including a first outer portion including the first side and a second outer portion including the second side, the first region having a first volume percent of fibers, a first transparency, and a first tensile strength,
a second region at least partially disposed between the first outer portion and the second outer portion, the second region having a second volume percent of fibers, a second transparency, and a second tensile strength,
wherein:
the second volume percent of fibers is less than the first volume percent of fibers,
the second transparency is greater than the first transparency,
the second tensile strength is less than the first tensile strength, and
at least a first portion of the elongated body has a transparency of greater than 0% to less than or equal to about 20%.
13. The header of claim 12 , wherein the at least first portion of the elongated body is free of fibers and has a transparency greater than or equal to about 0.1% to less than or equal to about 5%.
14. The header of claim 12 , wherein a volume percent of the plurality of fibers in the elongated body is greater than or equal to about 5 volume percent to less than or equal to about 35 volume percent.
15. The header of claim 12 , wherein a local tensile strength of at least a second portion of the elongated body is greater than or equal to about 1000 MPa to less than or equal to about 4000 MPa.
16. The header of claim 12 , wherein,
the at least first portion of the elongated body is free of fibers and has a transparency greater than or equal to about 0.1% to less than or equal to about 5%, and
a local tensile strength of at least a second portion of the elongated body is greater than or equal to about 40 MPa.
17. The header of claim 12 , wherein:
the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: an epoxy, a polyurethane (PUR), a polycarbonate (PC), a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyacrylate (acrylic), a polyamide (PA), an acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), co-polymers thereof, and combinations thereof; and
the plurality of fibers is selected from the group consisting of: glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers, aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers, natural fibers, or any combination thereof.