System and method for controlling remediation cycles for the treatment of aquatic facility water
A system and method for controlling the remediation of aquatic facilities using at least one sanitizer sensor, a pH sensor, a temperature sensor and a chlorine dioxide sensor all interfaced with a programmable controller that is programmed to implement a remediation cycle and configured to calculate a Ct value, the sensors being in fluid contact with water of the aquatic facility, and the programmable controller is interfaced with a chemical feed system for supplying chlorine dioxide to the water.
1 . A system for controlling remediation of pathogens resistant to chlorine in water in an aquatic facility, the system comprising:
a programmable controller;
a chlorine dioxide sensor in fluid communication with the water and connected to the programmable controller;
a chemical feed system in fluid contact with the water and connected to the programmable controller, wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water;
the programmable controller is programmed to implement a remediation cycle and configured to calculate a chlorine dioxide Ct value of the water based on a concentration of the chlorine dioxide in the water; and
the programmable controller is programmed to sustain a concentration of the chlorine dioxide in the water until a targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value of the water is reached to achieve remediation of the water, wherein the remediation is at least a 3-log reduction of at least one pathogen resistant to the chlorine in the water.
2 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to calculate the chlorine dioxide Ct value using the following formula:
Ct
value
=
Σ
[
(
X
n
÷
n
)
×
T
]
wherein:
“X” is the chlorine dioxide concentration in mg/l;
“n” is a number of chlorine dioxide values recorded over a period of time since beginning the remediation cycle; and
“T” is the period of time (in minutes) that has lapsed since beginning the remediation cycle.
3 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chlorine dioxide Ct value is calculated by the programmable controller using a rolling average of chlorine dioxide concentrations.
4 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.1 to 60 minutes.
5 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.2 to 30 minutes.
6 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.5 to 10 minutes.
7 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to maintain a chlorine dioxide concentration in the water from 0.0 to 2.0 ppm as ClO 2 during daily remediations.
8 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to maintain a chlorine dioxide concentration in the water from 0.0 to 20 ppm as ClO 2 during a shock remediation.
9 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller calculates the chlorine dioxide Ct value in real time.
10 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to evaluate previous remediation cycles and project the concentration of chlorine dioxide and/or the application rate of chlorine dioxide in future remediation cycles to achieve the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value within a desired time interval.
11 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the pathogen is a parasite.
12 . The system according to claim 11 , wherein the parasite is Cryptosporidium.
13 . The system according to claim 11 , wherein the parasite is Giardia.
14 . The system according to claim 11 , wherein the parasite is an Ameba.
15 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the pathogen is a bacteria protected by biofilm.
16 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to forecast when the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct Value will be achieved based on the calculated chlorine dioxide Ct Value.
17 . The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a pH sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a pH of the water, the chemical feed system comprising a pH adjusting chemical, and the programmable controller is programmed to control the pH of the water.
18 . The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a sanitizer sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a concentration of a sanitizer in the water, the chemical feed system comprising the sanitizer, and the programmable controller is programmed to control the concentration of the sanitizer in the water.
19 . The system according to claim 18 , wherein the sanitizer sensor comprises an amperometric sensor.
20 . The system according to claim 18 , wherein the sanitizer sensor comprises an ORP sensor.
21 . The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a temperature sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a temperature the water, a heater in communication with the water, and the programmable controller is programmed to control a temperature of the water.
22 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to automatically implement the remediation cycle.
23 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to calculate, record, and store the chlorine dioxide Ct value.
24 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the programmable controller displays the chlorine dioxide Ct value.
25 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chlorine dioxide generator.
26 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using UV activation of chlorite ions.
27 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using a cyclic process, the cyclic process comprising: activating bromide ions with an oxidant to produce free bromine, the free bromine oxidizes chlorite ions to produce the chlorine dioxide, and reducing at least some free bromine back to bromide ions.
28 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using both a chlorine dioxide generator and a cyclic process, the cyclic process comprising: activating bromide ions with an oxidant to produce free bromine, the free bromine oxidizes chlorite ions to produce the chlorine dioxide, and reducing at least some free bromine back to bromide ions.
29 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chemical for neutralizing excess chlorine dioxide in the water.
30 . The system according to claim 1 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chemical for neutralizing excess sanitizer in the water.
31 . A system for controlling, confirming and documenting remediation of pathogens resistant to chlorine in water in an aquatic facility, the system comprising:
a programmable controller;
a chlorine dioxide sensor in fluid communication with the water and connected to the programmable controller;
a chemical feed system in fluid contact with the water and connected to the programmable controller, wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water;
the programmable controller is programmed to implement a remediation cycle and configured to calculate a chlorine dioxide Ct value of the water based on a concentration of the chlorine dioxide in the water;
the programmable controller is programmed to sustain the concentration of the chlorine dioxide in the water until a targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value of the water is reached to achieve remediation of the water, wherein the remediation is at least a 3-log reduction of at least one pathogen resistant to the chlorine in the water; and
the programmable controller is programmed to record and store the calculated chlorine dioxide Ct value to confirm that the remediation has been achieved or failed, when the calculated chlorine dioxide Ct value reaches the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value remediation is achieved and when the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value is not reached remediation has failed.
32 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to callout to a technician in the event of a failed remediation.
33 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to calculate the chlorine dioxide Ct value using the following formula:
Ct
value
=
Σ
[
(
X
n
÷
n
)
×
T
]
wherein:
“X” is the chlorine dioxide concentration in mg/l;
“n” is a number of chlorine dioxide values recorded over a period of time since beginning the remediation cycle; and
“T” is the period of time (in minutes) that has lapsed since beginning the remediation cycle.
34 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chlorine dioxide Ct value is calculated by the programmable controller using a rolling average of chlorine dioxide concentrations.
35 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.1 to 60 minutes.
36 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.2 to 30 minutes.
37 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the rolling average is calculated every 0.5 to 10 minutes.
38 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to maintain a chlorine dioxide concentration in the water from 0.0 to 2.0 ppm as ClO 2 during daily remediations.
39 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to maintain a chlorine dioxide concentration in the water from 0.0 to 20 ppm as ClO 2 during a shock remediation.
40 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller calculates the chlorine dioxide Ct value in real time.
41 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to evaluate previous remediation cycles and project the concentration of chlorine dioxide and/or the application rate of chlorine dioxide in future remediation cycles to achieve the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct value within a desired time interval.
42 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the pathogen is a parasite.
43 . The system according to claim 42 , wherein the parasite is Cryptosporidium.
44 . The system according to claim 42 , wherein the parasite is Giardia.
45 . The system according to claim 42 , wherein the parasite is an Ameba.
46 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the pathogen is a bacteria protected by biofilm.
47 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to forecast when the targeted chlorine dioxide Ct Value will be achieved based on the calculated chlorine dioxide Ct Value.
48 . The system according to claim 31 , further comprising a pH sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a pH of the water, the chemical feed system comprising a pH adjusting chemical, and the programmable controller is programmed to control the pH of the water.
49 . The system according to claim 31 , further comprising a sanitizer sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a concentration of a sanitizer in the water, the chemical feed system comprising the sanitizer, and the programmable controller is programmed to control the concentration of the sanitizer in the water.
50 . The system according to claim 49 , wherein the sanitizer sensor comprises an amperometric sensor.
51 . The system according to claim 49 , wherein the sanitizer sensor comprises an ORP sensor.
52 . The system according to claim 31 , further comprising a temperature sensor in communication with the programmable controller for measuring a temperature the water, a heater in communication with the water, and the programmable controller is programmed to control a temperature of the water.
53 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to automatically implement the remediation cycle.
54 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller is programmed to calculate, record, and store the chlorine dioxide Ct value.
55 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the programmable controller displays the chlorine dioxide Ct value.
56 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chlorine dioxide generator.
57 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using UV activation of chlorite ions.
58 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using a cyclic process, the cyclic process comprising: activating bromide ions with an oxidant to produce free bromine, the free bromine oxidizes chlorite ions to produce the chlorine dioxide, and reducing at least some free bromine back to bromide ions.
59 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system is configured to supply chlorine dioxide to the water using both a chlorine dioxide generator and a cyclic process, the cyclic process comprising: activating bromide ions with an oxidant to produce free bromine, the free bromine oxidizes chlorite ions to produce the chlorine dioxide, and reducing at least some free bromine back to bromide ions.
60 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chemical for neutralizing excess chlorine dioxide in the water.
61 . The system according to claim 31 , wherein the chemical feed system comprises a chemical for neutralizing excess sanitizer in the water.