Differential cross-coupled power combiner or divider
A differential cross-coupled power combiner in one aspect comprises a plurality of inputs, an output, a plurality of differential transmission lines each coupled between a corresponding one of the inputs and the output, and at least one set of additional differential transmission lines arranged in series between any two of the inputs. First and second ones of the additional differential transmission lines in the set are coupled to one another using a cross-coupling arrangement. Other aspects of the invention provide a differential cross-coupled power divider, communication system receivers and transmitters incorporating respective power combiners and dividers, and integrated circuit implementations of power combiners and dividers.
1. A combiner comprising:
a plurality of inputs;
an output;
a plurality of differential transmission lines each coupled between a corresponding one of the inputs and the output; and
at least one set of additional differential transmission lines arranged in series between any two of the inputs;
wherein first and second ones of the additional differential transmission lines in the set are coupled to one another using a cross-coupling arrangement.
2. The combiner of claim 1 wherein in the cross-coupling arrangement a positive lead of the first one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set is coupled to a negative lead of the second one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set and a negative lead of the first one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set is coupled to a positive lead of the second one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set.
3. The combiner of claim 1 wherein the plurality of inputs comprises N inputs and the at least one set of additional differential transmission lines comprises N sets of additional differential transmission lines with each such set being arranged in series between a corresponding pair of the N inputs and being coupled to one another using a cross-coupling arrangement.
4. The combiner of claim 1 further comprising a network coupled to the first and second additional differential transmission lines at a location of the cross coupling between said first and second ones of the additional differential transmission lines in the set.
5. The combiner of claim 4 wherein the network is configured to provide at least one of frequency filtering and common mode rejection.
6. The combiner of claim 4 wherein the network comprises at least one of a passive network and an active network.
7. The combiner of claim 6 wherein the network comprises a passive resistive network.
8. The combiner of claim 1 wherein the set of additional differential transmission lines arranged in series between any two of the inputs further includes at least third and fourth additional differential transmission lines with the third additional differential transmission line being coupled between the first additional differential transmission line and one of said any two inputs and the fourth additional differential transmission line being coupled between the second additional differential transmission line and the other of said any two inputs.
9. An integrated circuit comprising the combiner of claim 1 .
10. A communication system receiver comprising the combiner of claim 1 .
11. A divider comprising:
a plurality of outputs;
an input;
a plurality of differential transmission lines each coupled between the input and a corresponding one of the outputs; and
at least one set of additional differential transmission lines arranged in series between any two of the outputs;
wherein first and second ones of the additional differential transmission lines in the set are coupled to one another using a cross-coupling arrangement.
12. The divider of claim 11 wherein in the cross-coupling arrangement a positive lead of the first one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set is coupled to a negative lead of the second one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set and a negative lead of the first one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set is coupled to a positive lead of the second one of the additional differential transmission lines in the set.
13. The divider of claim 11 wherein the plurality of outputs comprises N outputs and the at least one set of additional differential transmission lines comprises N sets of additional differential transmission lines with each such set being arranged in series between a corresponding pair of the N outputs and being coupled to one another using a cross-coupling arrangement.
14. The divider of claim 11 further comprising a network coupled to the first and second additional differential transmission lines at a location of the cross coupling between said first and second ones of the additional differential transmission lines in the set.
15. The divider of claim 14 wherein the network is configured to provide at least one of frequency filtering and common mode rejection.
16. The divider of claim 14 wherein the network comprises at least one of a passive network and an active network.
17. The divider of claim 16 wherein the network comprises a passive resistive network.
18. The divider of claim 11 wherein the set of additional differential transmission lines arranged in series between any two of the outputs further includes at least third and fourth additional differential transmission lines with the third additional differential transmission line being coupled between the first additional differential transmission line and one of said any two outputs and the fourth additional differential transmission line being coupled between the second additional differential transmission line and the other of said any two outputs.
19. An integrated circuit comprising the divider of claim 11 .
20. A communication system transmitter comprising the divider of claim 11 .