Polymer comprising a plurality of phenothiazine groups and methods of making the same
A non-leaching mediator may include a polymer having a polymeric backbone, and a plurality of phenothiazine groups bonded to the polymeric backbone. The plurality of phenothiazine groups may include at least one of a phenothiazine group having the general formula (IV): and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded, and a phenothiazine group having the general formula (V): and salts thereof, where n is about 9 and “R” represents the polymeric backbone to which the phenothiazine group is bonded.
1. A polymer, comprising the general formula (VII):
and salts thereof;
where n is about 9,
x and y independently are an integer from 1 to 10,000, and
z is an integer from 0 to 10,000.
2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.05 to 0.9.
3. A method of making the polymer of claim 1 , comprising:
forming the polymer from
poly(diallylmethylamine), and
a mixture of 2-(8-(ω-haloalkyl)-3H-phenothiazin-3-ylideneamino)benzene-1,4-disulfonic acid and 2-(2-(ω-haloalkyl)-3H-phenothiazin-3-ylideneamino)benzene-1,4-disulfonic acid.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:
forming the mixture of 2-(8-(ω-haloalkyl)-3H-phenothiazin-3-ylideneamino)-benzene-1,4-disulfonic acid and 2-(2-(ω-haloalkyl)-3H-phenothiazin-3-ylideneamino)-benzene-1,4-disulfonic acid.
5. The polymer of claim 2 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.07 to 0.7.
6. The polymer of claim 5 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.1 to 0.5.
7. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the sum of x, y and z is from 10 to 10,000.
8. The polymer of claim 7 , wherein the sum of x, y and z is from 20 to 1,000.
9. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 1 to 70.
10. The polymer of claim 9 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 2 to 20.
11. The polymer of claim 10 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 10 to 30.
12. An electrochemical test sensor comprising a working electrode, a counter electrode and a mediator, the mediator including a polymer comprising the general formula (VII):
and salts thereof;
where n is about 9,
x and y independently are an integer from 1 to 10,000, and
z is an integer from 0 to 10,000.
13. The test sensor of claim 12 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.05 to 0.9.
14. The test sensor of claim 13 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.07 to 0.7.
15. The test sensor of claim 14 , wherein the mole fraction of x and y is from 0.1 to 0.5.
16. The test sensor of claim 12 , wherein the sum of x, y and z is from 10 to 10,000.
17. The test sensor of claim 16 , wherein the sum of x, y and z is from 20 to 1,000.
18. The test sensor of claim 12 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 1 to 70.
19. The test sensor of claim 18 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 2 to 20.
20. The test sensor of claim 19 , wherein x and y independently are an integer from 10 to 30.
21. The test sensor of claim 12 further including glucose oxidase.
22. The test sensor of claim 12 further including glucose dehydrogenase.