Bulk acoustic wave resonator structure for second harmonic suppression
Embodiments of this disclosure relate to acoustic wave filters configured to filter radio frequency signals. An acoustic wave filter includes a first bulk acoustic wave resonator on a substrate, a second bulk acoustic wave resonator on the substrate, a conductor electrically connecting the first bulk acoustic wave resonator in anti-series with the second bulk acoustic wave resonator, and an air gap positioned between the conductor and a surface of the substrate. The air gap can reduce parasitic capacitance associated with the conductor. Acoustic wave filters disclosed herein can suppress a second harmonic.
1. An acoustic wave filter with second harmonic suppression, the acoustic wave filter comprising:
a first film bulk acoustic wave resonator on a substrate, the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a first air cavity;
a second film bulk acoustic wave resonator on the substrate, the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a second air cavity;
a conductor electrically connecting the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator in anti-series with the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator;
a metal layer positioned such that the conductor is located between the metal layer and the substrate; and
an air gap positioned between the conductor and a surface of the substrate, the air gap is non-overlapping with both the first and second air cavities, and the acoustic wave filter configured to filter a radio frequency signal.
2. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the air gap is an air cavity in the substrate.
3. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the air gap is an air cavity positioned between a layer of piezoelectric material and the substrate.
4. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the air gap is an air bridge over the substrate.
5. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the air gap is an air bridge positioned between a layer of piezoelectric material and the conductor.
6. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the acoustic wave filter is a transmit filter having an antenna port, and the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator and the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator are coupled between all other series bulk acoustic wave resonators of the acoustic wave filter and the antenna port.
7. The acoustic wave filter of claim 1 wherein the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a multi-layer raised frame structure.
8. The acoustic wave filter of claim 7 wherein the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a recessed frame structure.
9. An acoustic wave filter with second harmonic suppression, the acoustic wave filter comprising:
a first film bulk acoustic wave resonator on a substrate, the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a first air cavity;
a second film bulk acoustic wave resonator on the substrate, the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a second air cavity;
a conductor electrically connecting the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator in anti-series with the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator;
an air gap positioned between the conductor and a surface of the substrate, the air gap is non-overlapping with both the first and second air cavities; and
a second air gap positioned between the conductor and the substrate, the air gap being an air cavity, the second air gap being an air bridge, and the acoustic wave filter configured to filter a radio frequency signal.
10. The acoustic wave filter of claim 9 further comprising a metal layer positioned such that the conductor is located between the metal layer and the substrate.
11. A multiplexer arranged to filter radio frequency signals, the multiplexer comprising:
a first acoustic wave filter configured to filter a first radio frequency signal, the first acoustic wave filter including a first film bulk acoustic wave resonator on a substrate, a second film bulk acoustic wave resonator on the substrate, a conductor electrically connecting the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator in anti-series with the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator, a metal layer positioned such that the conductor is located between the metal layer and the substrate, and an air gap positioned between the conductor and a surface of the substrate, the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a first air cavity, the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a second air cavity, and the air gap is non-overlapping with both the first and second air cavities; and
a second acoustic wave filter configured to filter a second radio frequency signal, the second acoustic wave filter coupled to the first acoustic wave filter at a common node of the multiplexer.
12. The multiplexer of claim 11 wherein the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a multi-layer raised frame structure.
13. The multiplexer of claim 11 further comprising a third acoustic wave filter configured to filter a third radio frequency signal, the third acoustic wave filter coupled to both the first acoustic wave filter and the second acoustic wave filter at the common node.
14. The multiplexer of claim 11 wherein the metal layer is in physical contact with the conductor.
15. The multiplexer of claim 11 wherein the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator includes a recessed frame structure.
16. The multiplexer claim 11 further comprising a second air gap positioned between the conductor and the substrate, the air gap being an air cavity, and the second air gap being an air bridge.
17. A method of filtering a radio frequency signal with second harmonic suppression, the method comprising:
providing a radio frequency signal to an acoustic wave filter that includes an air gap between a conductor of the acoustic wave filter and a substrate, the conductor electrically connecting a first film bulk acoustic wave resonator of the acoustic wave filter in anti-series with a second film bulk acoustic wave resonator of the acoustic wave filter, the conductor being located between a metal layer and the substrate, the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator and the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator both being on the substrate, the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a first air cavity, the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator including a second air cavity, and the air gap is non-overlapping with both the first and second air cavities; and
filtering the radio frequency signal with the acoustic wave filter so as to provide second harmonic suppression.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the acoustic wave filter is a transmit filter.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the transmit filter has an antenna port, and the first film bulk acoustic wave resonator and the second film bulk acoustic wave resonator are coupled between all other series bulk acoustic wave resonators of the acoustic wave filter and the antenna port.
20. The method of claim 18 wherein the transmit filter is included in a multiplexer, and the transmit filter is coupled to a receive filter of the multiplexer at a common node of the multiplexer.