Graphics processors
When performing tile-based rendering a first, pre-pass operation in which primitives in a sequence of primitives for a tile are processed to determine visibility information for the sequence of primitives, the visibility information being usable to determine whether or not fragments for a primitive in the sequence of primitives should subsequently be processed further for the render output, is performed. Thereafter a second, main pass operation is performed in which the further processing of fragments for primitives that were processed during the first, pre-pass operation is controlled based on the determined visibility information for the sequence of primitives, such that for fragments for which the visibility information indicates that the fragments should not be processed further for the render output some or all of the processing during the second, main pass is omitted. The visibility information indicates which primitives should be rendered for which sampling positions of the render output.
1. A method of operating a graphics processor, the method comprising:
for a sequence of primitives to be rendered for a render output:
performing a first, pre-pass operation in which primitives in the sequence of primitives to be rendered are processed into respective sets of one or more fragments, each fragment associated with a respective set of one or more sampling positions within the render output, and wherein as part of the first, pre-pass operation fragments for primitives in the sequence of primitives are processed to determine visibility information for the sequence of primitives,
wherein the determined visibility information comprises a set of primitive identifying information, the set of primitive identifying information storing for respective sampling positions within the render output respective primitive identifiers, where the primitive identifier stored for a respective sampling position indicates the primitive in the sequence of primitives that should subsequently be processed further for the sampling position; and
thereafter performing a second, main pass operation in which at least some of the primitives that were processed by the first, pre-pass operation are processed again into their respective sets of one or more fragments for processing for respective sampling positions within the render output, wherein the processing for a fragment during the second, main pass operation comprises a step of visibility testing in which a primitive identifier associated with the fragment is tested against a corresponding entry in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position(s) to which the fragment relates to determine whether or not the fragment should be further processed for the sampling position(s),
wherein as part of the second, main pass operation, fragments are subject to one of a set of plural different visibility tests to test the associated primitive identifiers for the fragments against the set of primitive identifying information, wherein the one of the set of plural different visibility tests that is used for a particular fragment is determined based on whether or not the primitive was capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation,
wherein for primitives that were not capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation, but are to be processed during the second, main pass operation, the visibility testing of fragments for such primitives against the set of primitive identifying information that is performed during the second, main pass operation comprises determining whether a primitive identifier value for the primitive associated with the fragment is either greater than or less than the primitive identifier that is stored corresponding entry in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position(s) to which the fragment relates to determine whether or not the fragment should be further processed for the sampling position(s).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set of primitive identifying information stores either a respective primitive identifier or a value indicating the sampling position is not covered by a primitive for each sampling position within the render output.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the primitive identifiers uniquely identify primitives within the sequence of primitives.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the primitive identifiers for the sequence of primitives monotonically change within the sequence of primitives from a particular starting value.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first, pre-pass operation comprises depth testing fragments using a depth buffer for the sequence of primitives, and wherein when a fragment causes an update to the depth buffer, the primitive identifier associated with the fragment is written to a corresponding entry or entries in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position or positions to which the fragment relates.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least for primitives that were processed during the first, pre-pass operation, and which were capable of updating the set of primitive identifying information, the visibility testing against the set of primitive identifying information that is performed during the second, main pass operation for a fragment comprises determining whether a primitive identifier associated with the fragment matches a corresponding entry in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position(s) to which the fragment relates to determine whether or not the fragment should be further processed for the sampling position(s).
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein for primitives that were not capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation, and for which the associated fragments survive the visibility testing against the set of primitive identifying information during the second, main pass operation, the surviving fragments are subject to further depth testing during the second, main pass operation, wherein the further depth testing comprises depth testing the fragments against a depth buffer generated during the first, pre-pass operation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set of primitive identifying information for the sequence of primitives is discarded once the processing for the sequence of primitives is completed.
9. A graphics processor that is configured to generate a render output, the graphics processor comprising a rasterising circuit that is operable to rasterise primitives into respective set of one or more fragments and a rendering circuit that is operable to process the resulting fragments to generate rendered output data, wherein the graphics processor is configured to:
for a sequence of primitives to be rendered for a render output:
perform a first, pre-pass operation in which primitives in the sequence of primitives to be rendered are processed by:
the rasterising circuit rasterising the primitives into respective sets of one or more fragments, each fragment associated with a respective set of one or more sampling positions within the render output; and
a fragment visibility determining circuit processing, as part of the first, pre-pass operation, fragments for primitives in the sequence of primitives to determine visibility information for the sequence of primitives,
wherein the determined visibility information comprises a set of primitive identifying information, the set of primitive identifying information storing for respective sampling positions within the render output respective primitive identifiers, where the primitive identifier stored for a respective sampling position indicates the primitive in the sequence of primitives that should subsequently be processed further for the sampling position; and
thereafter perform a second, main pass operation in which at least some primitives that were processed by the first, pre-pass operation are processed again by the rasterising circuit rasterising the primitives into their respective sets of one or more fragments for processing for respective sampling positions within the render output, wherein as part of the second, main pass operation a visibility testing circuit controls the further processing of fragments by performing visibility testing in which primitive identifiers associated with the fragments are tested against corresponding entries in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position or positions to which the fragments relate to determine whether or not the fragments should be further processed for the sampling position or positions,
wherein as part of the second, main pass operation, fragments are subject to one of a set of plural different visibility tests to test the associated primitive identifiers for the fragments against the set of primitive identifying information, wherein the one of the set of plural different visibility tests that is used for a particular fragment is determined based on whether or not the primitive was capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation,
wherein for primitives that were not capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation, but are to be processed during the second, main pass operation, the visibility testing for fragments of such primitives against the set of primitive identifying information that is performed during the second, main pass operation comprises determining whether a primitive identifier associated with the fragment is either greater than or less than the primitive identifier that is stored in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position(s) to which the fragment relates to determine whether or not the fragment should be further processed for the sampling position(s).
10. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein the set of primitive identifying information is capable of storing either a respective primitive identifier or a value indicating the sampling position is not covered by a primitive for each sampling position within the render output.
11. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein each primitive identifier uniquely identifies a primitive within the sequence of primitives.
12. The graphics processor of claim 11 , wherein the primitive identifiers for the sequence of primitives monotonically change within the sequence of primitives from a particular starting value.
13. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein the graphics processor is configured to: during the first, pre-pass operation: perform depth testing of fragments using a depth buffer for the sequence of primitives, and wherein when a fragment causes an update to the depth buffer, the primitive identifier associated with the fragment is written to a corresponding entry or entries in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position or positions to which the fragment relates.
14. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein at least for primitives that were processed during the first, pre-pass operation, and which were capable of updating the set of primitive identifying information, the visibility testing against the set of primitive identifying information that is performed during the second, main pass operation for a fragment comprises determining whether a primitive identifier associated with the fragment is equal to a corresponding entry in the set of primitive identifying information for the sampling position(s) to which the fragment relates to determine whether or not the fragment should be further processed for the sampling position(s).
15. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein for primitives that were not capable of generating visibility information during the first, pre-pass operation, and for which the associated fragments survive the visibility testing during the second, main pass, the graphics processor is further configured to: subject the fragments to further depth testing during the second, main pass operation, wherein the further depth testing comprises depth testing the fragments against a depth buffer generated during the first, pre-pass operation.
16. The graphics processor of claim 9 , wherein the graphics processor is configured to discard the set of primitive identifying information for the sequence of primitives once the processing for the sequence of primitives is completed.