Catheter-deployable soft robotic sensor arrays and processing of flexible circuits
Methods for fabricating flexible/stretchable circuits can include identifying one or more regions of a printed circuit board (PCB) for selectively removing insulation material. The PCB can include one or more electrically conductive structures arranged on an insulation layer. The method can include applying, within each region of the one or more regions, thermal energy via a heat source to a surface of the PCB within the region such that insulation material of the insulation layer is removed from the region while a portion of the insulation layer beneath the one or more electrically conductive structures is maintained. The flexible/stretchable circuit can be laminated on a soft actuator to form a soft robotic device.
1. A method comprising:
identifying one or more regions of a printed circuit board (PCB) for selectively removing insulation material, the PCB including one or more electrically conductive structures arranged on an insulation layer; and
applying, within each region of the one or more regions, thermal energy via a heat source to a surface of the PCB within the region such that insulation material of the insulation layer is removed from the region while the one or more electrically conductive structures and a portion of the insulation layer beneath the one or more electrically conductive structures are maintained.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the thermal energy includes applying the thermal energy along a raster path within the region.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining an output thermal energy range of the heat source to cause the insulation material of the insulation layer to be removed from the region while maintaining the portion of the insulation layer beneath the one or more electrically conductive structures; and
setting the heat source to generate the thermal energy according to the output thermal energy range prior to applying the thermal energy to the surface of the PCB.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the output thermal energy range is determined based on a first temperature specific to the insulation layer and a second temperature specific to the one or more electrically conductive structures.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the output thermal energy range is based on at least one of a thickness of the insulation layer or a thickness of the one or more electrically conductive structures.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat source is a laser cutter and applying the thermal energy to the surface of the PCB includes applying a laser beam of the laser cutter to the surface of the PCB according to a raster path within the region.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
determining an output power range of the laser cutter to cause the insulation material of the insulation layer to be removed while maintaining the portion of the insulation layer beneath the one or more electrically conductive structures; and
setting the laser cutter according to the output power range prior to applying the laser beam to the surface of the PCB.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more electrically conductive structures are exposed within the one or more regions to sense electrical voltage of a surrounding environment.
9. The method of any of claim 1 , wherein the one or more electrically conductive structures have a serpentine shape to allow the one or more electrically conductive structures to stretch within the one or more regions when the insulation layer is removed.
10. A method comprising:
aligning at least one flexible circuit with a soft actuator, each flexible circuit of the at least one flexible circuit including:
a plurality of blocks of an insulation layer including one or more circuit components, each block connected to an adjacent block via one or more connectors made from the insulation layer; and
one or more electrically conductive structures deposited on and defining a first surface of the one or more connectors, the one or more electrically conductive structures extending between and across the plurality of blocks; and
laminating the at least one flexible circuit with a polymer sheet on a surface of the soft actuator to form a soft robotic device, the polymer sheet configured to provide, for the at least one flexible circuit, insulation and mechanical fixation to the soft actuator.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the soft actuator includes a plurality of beams and the method comprising:
aligning each flexible circuit of a plurality of flexible circuits to a corresponding beam of the plurality of beams; and
laminating each flexible circuit with a separate polymer sheet on a surface of the corresponding beam of the soft actuator.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the soft robotic device is a cardiac mapping device deployable into a heart chamber using a catheter.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the soft actuator includes polymer and the method further comprising manufacturing the soft actuator by:
arranging a sheet of water soluble polymer between two layers of polymer; and
thermally bonding the two layers of polymer around respective borders, the sheet of water soluble polymer acting as a sacrificial layer to form an inflatable closed channel between the two bonded layers of polymer.
14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising:
making a plurality of cutouts in the sheet of water soluble polymer, the plurality of cutouts distributed along a length of the sheet of water soluble polymer; and
thermally bonding the two layers of polymer at the plurality of cutouts to achieve bending regions in the soft actuator when the soft actuator is actuated.
15. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
making one or more cutouts in the polymer sheet, the one or more cutouts partially exposing portions of the one or more electrically conductive structures extending between the plurality of blocks of the insulation layer.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein each connector of the one or more connectors is substantially aligned with the conductive structure deposited on the connector.
17. An apparatus comprising:
an inflatable actuator; and
one or more flexible circuits laminated with one or more polymer sheets on a surface of the inflatable actuator, each flexible circuit including:
a plurality of blocks of an insulation layer including a one or more circuit components, each block connected to an adjacent block via one or more connectors made from the insulation layer; and
one or more electrically conductive structures deposited on and defining a first surface of the one or more connectors, the one or more electrically conductive structures extending between and across the plurality of blocks.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein each connector of the one or more connectors is substantially aligned with a corresponding conductive structure deposited on the connector.
19. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the apparatus is a cardiac mapping device deployable into a heart chamber using a catheter.
20. The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the inflatable actuator includes a sheet of water soluble polymer arranged between two layers of polymer, the two layers of polymer thermally bonded around respective borders and the sheet of water soluble polymer acting as a sacrificial layer to form an inflatable closed channel between the two bonded layers of polymer.