Toner
A toner having high rub resistance is provided. A toner including a toner particle containing a binder resin and a calcium carbonate particle, wherein in X-ray diffractometry of the toner particle by CuKα radiation, when the Bragg angle is defined as θ, (i) the calcium carbonate particle has peaks at 2θ of 26.5°±0.5° and 29.5°±0.5°, (ii) a crystallite diameter of crystals thereof attributed to 2θ=29.5°±0.5° is 10 nm or more and 45 nm or less, and (iii) the ratio (a/b) of a peak intensity “a” at 2θ=26.5°±0.5° to a peak intensity “b” at 2θ=29.5°±0.5° is 0.15 or more and 0.24 or less.
1. A toner, comprising:
a toner particle containing a binder resin and a calcium carbonate particle, wherein
the calcium carbonate particle has peaks at 2θ of 26.5°±0.5° and 29.5°±0.5° in X-ray diffractometry of the toner particle by CuKα radiation, when the Bragg angle is defined as θ,
a crystallite diameter of crystals thereof attributed to 2θ=29.5°±0.5° is 10 to 45 nm, and
a ratio a/b is 0.15 to 0.24 when a is a peak intensity at 2θ=26.5°±0.5° and b is a peak intensity at 2θ=29.5°±0.5°.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein an average aspect ratio (long axis/short axis) of the calcium carbonate particle in a cross section observed with a scanning electron microscope is 1.5 to 6.0.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein,
the crystallite diameter of crystals is 20 to 40 nm, and a/b is 0.15 to 0.20.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the calcium carbonate particle is 3.0 to 40% by mass relative to the mass of the toner particle.
5. A method of producing a toner comprising a toner particle containing a binder resin and a calcium carbonate particle, wherein
the calcium carbonate particle has peaks at 2θ of 26.5°±0.5° and 29.5°±0.5° in X-ray diffractometry of the toner particle by CuKα radiation, when the Bragg angle is defined as θ,
a crystallite diameter of crystals thereof attributed to 2θ=29.5°±0.5° is 10 to 45 nm, and
a ratio a/b is 0.15 to 0.24 when a is a peak intensity at 2θ=26.5°±0.5° and b is a peak intensity at 2θ=29.5°±0.5°, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) melt kneading a first mixture containing a portion of a binder resin and a calcium carbonate particle with a twin-screw extruder to prepare a melted mixture; and
(2) melt kneading a second mixture containing the melted mixture and the residual binder resin.
6. The method of producing the toner according to claim 5 , wherein
15≤ Mr≤ 75 and 0.17≤ Mi/Mr≤ 1.3
when Mr (% by mass) is the content of the binder resin, and Mi (% by mass) is the content of the calcium carbonate relative to the mass of the first mixture, and
a content of the residual binder resin added in step 2 is 30 to 75% by mass relative to the mass of the second mixture.
7. The method of producing the toner according to claim 5 , wherein a circumferential speed of an outer end of a kneading screw of the twin-screw extruder in step 1 is 78 mm/s or more.
8. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle contains a colorant, and
the content of the colorant is 1 to 20 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.