IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,428,522
Granted Patent B2
US 12,428,522 · App. 18/421,371 · Granted Sep 30, 2025

Polymer composition for laser direct structuring

Inventors: Young Shin Kim (Cincinnati, OH); Xiaowei Zhang (Union, KY)
Assignee: Ticona LLC
C08G63/183C08G63/189C08K3/22C08K3/34C08K7/14H01Q1/2291H01Q21/28H05K3/0026C08G2250/00C08K2201/001C08L27/18H05K2203/0104H05K2203/107
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,428,522
App. No.
18/421,371
Granted
Sep 30, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A laser activatable polymer composition is provided. The composition contains at least one laser activatable additive and at least one high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer that contains repeating units derived from naphthenic hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids in an amount of about 10 mol. % or more. The polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of about 5 or less as determined at a frequency of 2 GHz.

Claims (24)

1. A laser activatable polymer composition comprising at least one laser activatable additive and at least one high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer that contains repeating units derived from naphthenic hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids in an amount of about 18 mol. % or more, wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of about 4 or less as determined at a frequency of 2 GHz.

2. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids, one or more aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, or a combination thereof.

3. The polymer composition of claim 2 , wherein the high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer further contains repeating units derived from one or more aromatic diols.

4. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid in an amount of about 10 mol. % or more.

5. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid in an amount of about 30 mol. % or more.

6. The polymer composition of claim 4 , wherein the liquid crystalline polymer contains repeating units derived from 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in a molar ratio of from about 0.1 to about 40.

7. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the laser activatable additive contains spinel crystals having the following general formula:

AB 2 O 4

wherein,

A is a metal cation having a valance of 2; and

B is a metal cation having a valance of 3.

8. The polymer composition of claim 7 , wherein the spinel crystals include MgAl 2 O 4 , ZnAl 2 O 4 , FeAl 2 O 4 , CuFe 2 O 4 , CuCr 2 O 4 , MnFe 2 O 4 , NiFe 2 O 4 , TiFe 2 O 4 , FeCr 2 O 4 , MgCr 2 O 4 , or a combination thereof.

9. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition is free of a dielectric material.

10. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one fibrous filler.

11. The polymer composition of claim 10 , wherein the weight ratio of the fibrous filler to the laser activatable additive is from about 1 to about 5.

12. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition further comprises a particulate filler.

13. The polymer composition of claim 12 , wherein the particulate filler includes mica.

14. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dielectric constant of from about 1.5 to about 4 at a frequency of 2 GHz.

15. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer composition exhibits a dissipation factor of about 0.0009 or less at a frequency of 2 GHz.

16. The polymer composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one low naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer that contains repeating units derived from naphthenic hydroxycarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids in an amount of less than 10 mol. %.

17. The polymer composition of claim 16 , wherein the low naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer constitutes from about 0.5 wt. % to about 45 wt. % of the polymer composition and the high naphthenic thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer constitutes from about 55 wt. % to about 99.5 wt. % of the polymer composition.

18. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a hydrophobic material.

19. The polymer composition of claim 18 , wherein the hydrophobic material comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.

20. The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a hollow filler.

Continuity (10)
Continuation 16995980 · Aug 18, 2020
Provisional Application 63056865 · Jul 27, 2020
Provisional Application 63024584 · May 14, 2020
Provisional Application 63009017 · Apr 13, 2020
Provisional Application 62994329 · Mar 25, 2020
Provisional Application 62972195 · Feb 10, 2020
Provisional Application 62951039 · Dec 20, 2019
Provisional Application 62925274 · Oct 24, 2019
Provisional Application 62898188 · Sep 10, 2019
Related Publication 20240166803A1 · May 23, 2024
References Cited (357)
US 4162466A · Hunsinger et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4458039A · Eickman · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4746694A · Charbonneau et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4960654A · Yoshinaka et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 5032627A · Wilson et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5348990A · Walpita et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5541240A · Makhija et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5624984A · Furuta et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5767195A · Furuta et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 6121369A · Stack et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6303524B1 · Sharangpani et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6346864B1 · Kadota · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6350822B1 · Van Diepen et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6495616B2 · Maeda · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6641928B2 · Takeichi et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6756427B2 · Maeda · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6818821B2 · Fujieda et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6894141B2 · Satoh et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6984712B2 · Ueno et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7014921B2 · Okamoto et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7063892B2 · Okamoto et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7079405B2 · Tobita et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7148311B2 · Benicewicz et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7180172B2 · Sethumadhaven et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7223807B2 · Okamoto et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7239261B2 · Fujieda et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7247590B2 · Kawabata et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7314898B2 · Downing, Jr. et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7455901B2 · Yano et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7504150B2 · Lee et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7531204B2 · Lee et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7547849B2 · Lee et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7583226B2 · Sakurada · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7618553B2 · Kim et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7648758B2 · Morin · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7704408B2 · Fukatsu · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7713439B2 · Murouchi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7737198B2 · Murouchi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7790786B2 · Murouchi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7816014B2 · Ito et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7897083B2 · Fukatsu et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7985351B2 · Yamauchi et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8012352B1 · Eugenio et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8025814B2 · Uehara et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8043527B2 · Iwase et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8044151B2 · Asahara et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8066907B2 · Kohinata et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8192645B2 · Murouchi et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8222802B2 · Saito et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8226851B2 · Harada et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8231807B2 · Yonezawa et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8309640B2 · Li et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8337719B2 · Hosoda et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8425798B2 · Saito et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8475924B2 · Lee et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8492464B2 · Li et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8545718B2 · Nakayama et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8580145B2 · Osato et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8641924B2 · Sekimura et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8642682B2 · Nishihata · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8692272B2 · Matsumi et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8703011B2 · Wang et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8715526B2 · Kitai et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8816019B2 · Ganguly et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8841367B2 · Zheng et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8883900B2 · Jiang et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8894880B2 · Shin et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8895649B2 · Li et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8926862B2 · Kim et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8927661B2 · Li et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8946333B2 · Raman et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8992805B2 · Nishimura et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9018286B2 · Daga et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9023923B2 · An et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9074070B2 · Yung et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9178281B2 · Kasai · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9185800B2 · Meng et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9206300B2 · Zhao et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9234092B2 · Nakayama et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9258892B2 · Crosley · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9283707B2 · Saito et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9355753B2 · Kim · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9394483B2 · Wu et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9538646B2 · Onodera et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9574065B2 · Miyamoto et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9850343B2 · Konishi et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9896566B2 · Yung et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9944768B2 · Cheng et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 9982113B2 · Kniess et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10106682B2 · Kim · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10119021B2 · Li et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10150863B2 · Wu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10174180B2 · Bao et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10233301B2 · Kato et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10273362B2 · Zhang et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10290389B2 · Wu et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10329422B2 · Li et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10604649B2 · Yamanaka · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10696787B2 · Takasuka et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10697065B2 · Hua et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10714810B2 · Hong et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10741932B2 · Thai et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10767049B2 · Kim · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10784030B2 · Lee et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10822452B2 · Tsuchiya et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10822453B2 · Washino · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10899900B2 · Jung et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10968311B2 · Washino · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 10968347B2 · Akiyama et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11028250B2 · Zhang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11075442B2 · Wang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11505647B2 · Washino · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11674083B2 · Konno et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11728559B2 · Kim · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11912817B2 · Kim · 2024 [cited by examiner]
US 20040165390A1 · Sato et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050130447A1 · Takaya et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20070010647A1 · Ueno et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070057236A1 · Hosoda et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20100012354A1 · Hedin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100051999A1 · Iwase et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100053972A1 · Nakayama · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100263919A1 · Lee et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100327728A1 · Saito et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20120040128A1 · Finn · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120276390A1 · Ji et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20140060899A1 · Park et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140128545A1 · Xiong et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140142571A1 · Yung et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140159285A1 · Choi · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140171567A1 · Guo et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140296411A1 · Cheng et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140353543A1 · Wu et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150337132A1 · Van der Burgt · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160116948A1 · Ou et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160301141A1 · Del Castillo et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170002193A1 · Cheng et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170273179A1 · Kim · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170361584A1 · Feng et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170362731A1 · Wang et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170367182A1 · Wu et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180215894A1 · Cheng et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180230294A1 · Cheng et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180332710A1 · Lin et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180346711A1 · Van der Burgt et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180355150A1 · Kim · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180362758A1 · Wu et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190027813A1 · Wang · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190031879A1 · Ding et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190153216A1 · Gong et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190237851A1 · Gu · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190269012A1 · Van der Burgt · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190322861A1 · Wei et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190341696A1 · O'Connor et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190352501A1 · Wang et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190352503A1 · Cheng et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200017769A1 · Konno et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200022264A1 · Cheng et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200040133A1 · Washino · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200076035A1 · Huh et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200091608A1 · Alpman et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200219861A1 · Kamgaing et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200299582A1 · Komatsu · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200308487A1 · Hegi · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200347224A1 · Hara · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200369884A1 · Lee et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200399465A1 · Hara · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210002507A1 · Azami et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210024687A1 · Ohtomo et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210024701A1 · Wang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210054190A1 · Kim · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210057811A1 · Kim · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210057827A1 · Kim et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210070927A1 · Zhang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210070983A1 · Kim et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210075093A1 · Zhang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210075162A1 · Kim et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210091818A1 · Zhang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210092836A1 · Zhang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210130585A1 · Wang et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210130604A1 · Ramakrishnan et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210143539A1 · Yuan et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210251074A1 · Onodera et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210269588A1 · Washino · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210274652A1 · Kim · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20210292475A1 · Konishi et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220073732A1 · Washino · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220302581A1 · Sunamoto et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20230065239A1 · Konishi et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20230069551A1 · Ohtomo et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
CN 104961916A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 104961922A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
CN 105504247A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
CN 105542408A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
CN 106633680A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CN 106633859A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CN 107022171A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CN 105623206B · 2017 [cited by applicant]
CN 108045022A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 108102314A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 108178906A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 108250692A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 207772540U · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 105860036B · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 108148433A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
CN 109301507A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109467643A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109467722A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109509975A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 208675597U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 106633860B · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 106750198B · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109735060A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109742534A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109755729A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109755733A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 109790361A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 208904227U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 110154464A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 209266563U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 209266570U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 209266571U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 108884329B · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 209516005U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 209544599U · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 110505753A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 110527071A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
CN 110746754A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 110769594A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 110177821B · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 110862523A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 110903612A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111087765A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111087797A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111117169A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111286176A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111320848A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 210706390U · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 111393806A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
CN 110603278B · 2021 [cited by applicant]
CN 109705322B · 2021 [cited by applicant]
CN 109661433B · 2022 [cited by applicant]
CN 111936547B · 2022 [cited by applicant]
CN 115279832A · 2022 [cited by applicant]
EP 2774952B1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
EP 2981573B1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
EP 3674080A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
EP 3674368A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
EP 3730545A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
JP 2003268089A · 2003 [cited by applicant]
JP 2003268241A · 2003 [cited by applicant]
JP 2004143270A · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2004277539A · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2004323705A · 2004 [cited by applicant]
JP 2005078806A · 2005 [cited by applicant]
JP 4945097B2 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007154169A · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2007273537A · 2007 [cited by applicant]
JP 2009114418A · 2009 [cited by applicant]
JP 4339966B2 · 2009 [cited by applicant]
JP 2010254875A · 2010 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011052037A · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 2011093973A · 2011 [cited by applicant]
JP 2013108008A · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP 5280281B2 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP 5332081B2 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
JP 2015059178A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
JP 5866423B2 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
JP 2016041828A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
JP 5919613B2 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
JP 5924527B2 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
JP 2017095625A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 2017119378A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 2017120826A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 6177191B2 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 6181587B2 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 2017179127A · 2017 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018016753A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018016754A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018029187A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 6295013B2 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018030948A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 6306369B2 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 6359225B2 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018109090A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 6405817B2 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 6405818B2 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2018168320A · 2018 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019006973A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6470295B2 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019065263A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6533880B1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6533881B1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019094489A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019094497A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019099618A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019106434A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019116586A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019127556A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019127557A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6574281B2 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6576754B2 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6576808B2 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019189734A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019189735A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019189736A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 2019189737A · 2019 [cited by applicant]
JP 6773824B2 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
JP 2020193261A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
JP 6837189B1 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
JP 6854124B2 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
JP 2021066776A · 2021 [cited by applicant]
JP 6900151B2 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
JP 6930784B2 · 2021 [cited by applicant]
JP 6998189B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7111500B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7111501B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7111502B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7116546B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7156814B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
JP 7159693B2 · 2022 [cited by applicant]
KR 20140074094A · 2014 [cited by applicant]
KR 20140074095A · 2014 [cited by applicant]
KR 101757308B1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
KR 101792873B1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
KR 101817365B1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
KR 101817366B1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
KR 101834703B1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
KR 102104752B1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
KR 102104753B1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
KR 20200070501A · 2020 [cited by applicant]
KR 102167337B1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013066663A2 · 2013 [cited by examiner]
WO WO2014162254A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014180550A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014203227A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015147916A1 · 2015 [cited by examiner]
WO WO2017029608A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018026601A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018038093A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018056294A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018141769A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2019042906A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2019213920A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020095997A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020194196A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020217225A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
Amato, Ing. Francesco, Ph.D., “A Primer on 5G,” Jan. 11, 2019, 19 pages. [cited by applicant]
Bjornson, Emil, “Massive MIMO for 5G,” Tutorial at 2015 IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, (SPAWC), Jun. 29, Stockholm, Sweden 58 pages. [cited by applicant]
Hassan et al., Massive MIMO Wireless Networks: An Overview, [cited by applicant]
Jilani et al., “Millimeter-wave Liquid Crystal Polymer Based Antenna Array for Conformal 5G Applications,” [cited by applicant]
Paper—The Fifth Generation of Wireless Network Communications from TE Connectivity, Apr. 2019, 20 pages. [cited by applicant]
Paper—Material Solutions for 5G Applications from SABIC, 2018, 4 pages. [cited by applicant]
Takata, et al., “Electrical properties and practical applications of Liquid Crystal Polymer flex,” [cited by applicant]
Technical Article—Plastic Materials—Liquid Crystal Polymers from Steinwall Plastic Injection Molding, May 2016, 3 pages. [cited by applicant]
Theil et al., “The Effect of Thermal Cycling on a-C:F,H Low Dielectric Constant Films Deposited by ECR Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition,” [cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion for PCT/US2020/046924 dated Nov. 9, 2020, 9 pages. [cited by applicant]