Hydrogel-based biomedical devices for therapeutic hydrogen treatment of skin and tissues and methods of using them
Products of manufacture for delivering hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide, and/or oxygen to a tissue in need thereof comprising i) a hydrated hydrogel, and ii) at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode implanted within or upon the hydrated hydrogel.
1 . A product of manufacture capable of generating hydrogen, the product of manufacture comprising:
(a) a hydrated hydrogel, wherein the hydrogel comprises about 1% (w/w) hyaluronic acid, and
(b) at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode implanted within or upon the hydrogel, wherein the cathode and the anode electrode are comprised of graphene and are spaced sufficiently apart to generate an electrical current in the hydrogel sufficient to cause a hydrolysis reaction in the hydrogel,
wherein the product of manufacture is fabricated in the form of a pad, a dressing, or a patch.
2 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel comprises a crosslinked polyethylene oxide, a crosslinked poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) or poly AMPS, a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, a polyvinyl alcohol, a sodium polyacrylate, an acrylate polymer, an agarose or a cellulose, optionally a methylcellulose.
3 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the cathode and the anode electrodes are spaced 0.5 to 3 cm, apart; or the cathode and the anode electrodes comprise a conductive material.
4 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , comprising a power source operatively linked to the at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode.
5 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , further comprising a flexible supportive material, and optionally the hydrogel is completely or partially encased in or is supported by the flexible supportive material.
6 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel is 75%, 80% or 85% by weight hydrated.
7 . The product of manufacture of claim 6 , wherein the hydrogel is 85%, 90% or 95% hydrated, or is 100% hydrated.
8 . The product of manufacture of claim 3 , wherein the conductive material further comprises a metal.
9 . The product of manufacture of claim 4 , wherein the power source comprises a battery.
10 . The product of manufacture of claim 5 , wherein the flexible supportive material comprises an acrylic, a nylon or a polyester.
11 . The product of manufacture of claim 1 , wherein the product of manufacture is further capable of generating metastable hydrogen peroxide and/or oxygen.