RF receiver and method for receiving RF input signal
A radio frequency (RF) receiver includes a radiating element, a chip and a phase shifting circuit. The radiating element is arranged to receive an RF input signal to produce a plurality of electrical signals. The chip includes an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit is configured to receive a plurality of phase shifted signals from a plurality of input terminals respectively, and amplify the phase shifted signals to generate an RF output signal. The phase shifting circuit is located outside the chip, and coupled to the output terminals and the input terminals. The phase shifting circuit is arranged to phase shift the electrical signals and accordingly generate the phase shifted signals. The phase shifting circuit and the radiating element are formed on a same substrate.
1 . A radio frequency (RF) receiver, comprising:
a radiating element, arranged to receive an RF input signal to produce a plurality of electrical signals;
a chip having an amplifier circuit, wherein the amplifier circuit is configured to receive a plurality of phase shifted signals from a plurality of input terminals respectively, and amplify the phase shifted signals to generate an RF output signal; and
a phase shifting circuit, located outside the chip and coupled between the radiating element and the input terminals of the chip, the phase shifting circuit being arranged to receive the electrical signals produced by the radiating element, phase shift the electrical signals and accordingly generate the phase shifted signals, wherein the phase shifting circuit, arranged for receiving the electrical signals produced by the radiating element, and the radiating element are formed on a same substrate,
wherein the radiating element comprises:
a first feeding point, arranged to output a first electrical signal of the electrical signals; and
a second feeding point, arranged to output a second electrical signal of the electrical signals,
wherein the phase shifting circuit comprises:
a first phase shifting stage, coupled to the first feeding point, the first phase shifting stage being arranged to phase shift the first electrical signal to produce a first phase shifted signal and a second phase shifted signal of the phase shifted signals; and
a second phase shifting stage, coupled to the second feeding point, the second phase shifting stage being arranged phase shift the second electrical signal to produce a third phase shifted signal and a fourth phase shifted signal of the phase shifted signals,
wherein the amplifier circuit comprises:
a first amplifier path, configured to amplify the first phase shifted signal with a first gain value to generate a first amplified signal;
a second amplifier path, configured to amplify the second phase shifted signal with a second gain value to generate a second amplified signal;
a third amplifier path, configured to amplify the third phase shifted signal with a third gain value to generate a third amplified signal; and
a fourth amplifier path, configured to amplify the fourth phase shifted signal with a fourth gain value to generate a fourth amplified signal, wherein a combination of the first amplified signal, the second amplified signal, the third amplified signal and the fourth amplified signal serves as the RF output signal;
wherein when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in one direction, the first gain value is opposite of the fourth gain value, and the second gain value is equal to the third gain value; when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in another direction, the first gain value is equal to the fourth gain value, and the second gain value is equal to the third gain value.
2 . The RF receiver of claim 1 , wherein the chip is heterogeneously integrated onto the substrate.
3 . The RF receiver of claim 1 , wherein
the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are of equal amplitude, and have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
4 . The RF receiver of claim 3 ,
the first phase shifted signal and the second phase shifted signal have a phase difference of 90 degrees,
wherein the third phase shifted signal and the fourth phase shifted signal have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
5 . The RF receiver of claim 4 , wherein the first phase shifting stage comprises:
a branch-line coupler, having a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal and a second output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is arranged to receive the first electrical signal, the second input terminal is isolated, the first output terminal is arranged to output the first phase shifted signal, and the second output terminal is arranged to output the second phase shifted signal.
6 . A radio frequency (RF) receiver, comprising:
a radiating element, arranged to receive an RF input signal to produce a plurality of electrical signals;
a chip having an amplifier circuit, wherein the amplifier circuit is configured to receive a plurality of phase shifted signals from a plurality of input terminals respectively, and amplify the phase shifted signals to generate an RF output signal; and
a phase shifting circuit, located outside the chip and coupled between the radiating element and the input terminals of the chip, the phase shifting circuit being arranged to receive the electrical signals produced by the radiating element, phase shift the electrical signals and accordingly generate the phase shifted signals, wherein the phase shifting circuit, arranged for receiving the electrical signals produced by the radiating element, and the radiating element are formed on a same substrate,
wherein the radiating element comprises:
a first feeding point, arranged to output a first electrical signal of the electrical signals; and
a second feeding point, arranged to output a second electrical signal of the electrical signals,
a third feeding point, arranged to output a third electrical signal of the electrical signals; and
a fourth feeding point, arranged to output a fourth electrical signal of the electrical signals,
wherein the phase shifted signals comprise a first phase shifted signal, a second phase shifted signal, a third phase shifted signal and a fourth phase shifted signal; the amplifier circuit comprises:
a first amplifier path, configured to amplify the first phase shifted signal with a first gain value to generate a first amplified signal;
a second amplifier path, configured to amplify the second phase shifted signal with a second gain value to generate a second amplified signal;
a third amplifier path, configured to amplify the third phase shifted signal with a third gain value to generate a third amplified signal; and
a fourth amplifier path, configured to amplify the fourth phase shifted signal with a fourth gain value to generate a fourth amplified signal, wherein a combination of the first amplified signal, a second amplified signal, a third amplified signal and a fourth amplified signal serves as the RF output signal;
wherein when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in one direction, the first gain value is equal to the second gain value, and the third gain value is opposite of the fourth gain value; when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in another direction, the first gain value is opposite of the second gain value, and the third gain value is equal to the fourth gain value.
7 . The RF receiver of claim 6 , wherein the phase shifting circuit comprises:
a first transmission line, arranged to couple the first electrical signal to a first input terminal of the input terminals, and accordingly generate the first phase shifted signal;
a second transmission line, arranged to couple the second electrical signal to a second input terminal of the input terminals, and accordingly generate the second phase shifted signal, wherein a length of the first transmission line is greater than a length of the second transmission line;
a third transmission line, arranged to couple the third electrical signal to a third input terminal of the input terminals, and accordingly generate the third phase shifted signal; and
a fourth transmission line, arranged to couple the fourth electrical signal to a fourth input terminal of the input terminals, and accordingly generate the fourth phase shifted signal, wherein a length of the fourth transmission line is greater than a length of the third transmission line.
8 . The RF receiver of claim 6 , wherein the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal are of equal amplitude, and have a phase difference of 90 degrees, wherein the RF input signal is a circularly polarized signal comprising a horizontal component and a vertical component; the radiating element is arranged to generate the first electrical signal and the third electrical signal according to the horizontal component of the circularly polarized signal, and generate the second electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal according to the vertical component of the circularly polarized signal.
9 . A method for receiving a radio frequency (RF) input signal, comprising:
utilizing a radiating element to receive the RF input signal to produce a plurality of electrical signals;
utilizing a phase shifting circuit to receive the electrical signals outputted from the radiating element, phase shifting the electrical signals to generate a plurality of phase shifted signals, and accordingly outputting the phase shifted signals to a plurality of input terminals of a chip respectively; and
utilizing an amplifier circuit included in the chip to amplify the phase shifted signals received from the input terminals to generate an RF output signal,
wherein the step of utilizing the radiating element to receive the RF input signal to produce the electrical signals further comprises:
receiving the RF input signal to output a first electrical signal of the electrical signals from a first feeding point of the radiating element; and
receiving the RF input signal to output a second electrical signal of the electrical signals from a second feeding point of the radiating element,
wherein the step of phase shifting the electrical signals to generate the phase shifted signals further comprises:
phase shifting the first electrical signal to produce a first phase shifted signal and a second phase shifted signal of the phase shifted signals; and
phase shifting the second electrical signal to produce a third phase shifted signal and a fourth phase shifted signal of the phase shifted signals,
wherein the step of utilizing the amplifier circuit to amplify the phase shifted signals to generate the RF output signal comprises:
amplifying the first phase shifted signal with a first gain value to generate a first amplified signal;
amplifying the second phase shifted signal with a second gain value to generate a second amplified signal;
amplifying the third phase shifted signal with a third gain value to generate a third amplified signal; and
amplifying the fourth phase shifted signal with a fourth gain value to generate a fourth amplified signal, wherein a combination of the first amplified signal, the second amplified signal, the third amplified signal and the fourth amplified signal serves as the RF output signal;
wherein when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in one direction, the first gain value is opposite of the fourth gain value, and the second gain value is equal to the third gain value; when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in another direction, the first gain value is equal to the fourth gain value, and the second gain value is equal to the third gain value.
10 . The method of claim 9 ,
wherein the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal are of equal amplitude, and have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
11 . The method of claim 10 ,
wherein the first phase shifted signal and the second phase shifted signal have a phase difference of 90 degrees,
wherein the third phase shifted signal and the fourth phase shifted signal have a phase difference of 90 degrees.
12 . A method for receiving a radio frequency (RF) input signal, comprising:
utilizing a radiating element to receive the RF input signal to produce a plurality of electrical signals;
utilizing a phase shifting circuit to receive the electrical signals outputted from the radiating element, phase shifting the electrical signals to generate a plurality of phase shifted signals, and accordingly outputting the phase shifted signals to a plurality of input terminals of a chip respectively; and
utilizing an amplifier circuit included in the chip to amplify the phase shifted signals received from the input terminals to generate an RF output signal,
wherein the step of utilizing the radiating element to receive the RF input signal to produce the electrical signals further comprises:
receiving the RF input signal to output a first electrical signal of the electrical signals from a first feeding point of the radiating element; and
receiving the RF input signal to output a second electrical signal of the electrical signals from a second feeding point of the radiating element,
receiving the RF input signal to output a third electrical signal of the electrical signals from a third feeding point of the radiating element; and
receiving the RF input signal to output a fourth electrical signal of the electrical signals from a fourth feeding point of the radiating element,
wherein the phase shifted signals comprise a first phase shifted signal, a second phase shifted signal, a third phase shifted signal and a fourth phase shifted signal; the step of utilizing the amplifier circuit to amplify the phase shifted signals to generate the RF output signal comprises:
amplifying the first phase shifted signal with a first gain value to generate a first amplified signal;
amplifying the second phase shifted signal with a second gain value to generate a second amplified signal;
amplifying the third phase shifted signal with a third gain value to generate a third amplified signal; and
amplifying the fourth phase shifted signal with a fourth gain value to generate a fourth amplified signal, wherein a combination of the first amplified signal, the second amplified signal, the third amplified signal and the fourth amplified signal serves as the RF output signal;
wherein when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in one direction, the first gain value is equal to the second gain value, and the third gain value is opposite of the fourth gain value; when the RF input signal received by the radiating element is circularly polarized in another direction, the first gain value is opposite of the second gain value, and the third gain value is equal to the fourth gain value.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the step of phase shifting the electrical signals to generate the phase shifted signals comprises:
generate the first phase shifted signal by coupling the first electrical signal to a first input terminal of the input terminals through a first transmission line;
generate the second phase shifted signal by coupling the second electrical signal to a second input terminal of the input terminals through a second transmission line, wherein a length of the first transmission line is greater than a length of the second transmission line;
generate the third phase shifted signal by coupling the third electrical signal to a third input terminal of the input terminals through a third transmission line; and
generate the fourth phase shifted signal by coupling the fourth electrical signal to a fourth input terminal of the input terminals through a fourth transmission line, wherein a length of the fourth transmission line is greater than a length of the third transmission line.
14 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the RF input signal is a circularly polarized signal comprising a horizontal component and a vertical component, and the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal are of equal amplitude, and have a phase difference of 90 degrees, wherein the first electrical signal and the third electrical signal are produced in response to the horizontal component of the circularly polarized signal, and the second electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal are produced in response to the vertical component of the circularly polarized signal.