Torsional mode quartz crystal device
The disclosed technology generally relates to quartz crystal devices and more particularly to quartz crystal devices configured to vibrate in torsional mode. In one aspect, a quartz crystal device configured for temperature sensing comprises a fork-shaped quartz crystal comprising a pair of elongate tines laterally extending from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the fork-shaped quartz crystal, wherein each of the tines has formed on one or both of opposing sides thereof a pair of vertically recessed groove structures laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction, wherein the pair of groove structures are separated in a horizontal widthwise direction by a line structure. The quartz crystal device further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the one or both of the opposing sides of each of the tines and configured such that, when an electrical bias is applied between the first and second electrodes, the fork-shaped quartz crystal vibrates in a torsional mode in which each of the tines twists about a respective axis extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.
1 . A quartz crystal device, comprising:
a quartz crystal comprising first and second pairs of arms laterally elongated from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the arms; and
each arm of the first pair having formed on each of upper and lower sides thereof:
a pair of vertically recessed groove structures laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction; and
a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein adjacent ones of the groove structures on a same side of each of the arms have formed therein different ones of the first and second electrodes.
2 . The quartz crystal device of claim 1 , wherein the arms of the first pair are laterally interposed between and longer than the arms of the second pair.
3 . The quartz crystal device of claim 2 , wherein each of the arms of the second pair comprises an elongated extension portion extending from the base region and a tip portion at an end of the elongated extension portion, wherein the tip portion is wider than the elongated extension portion.
4 . The quartz crystal device of claim 1 , wherein the adjacent ones of the groove structures on the same side of each arm are separated in a horizontal widthwise direction of the arms by a vertically protruding line structure extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.
5 . The quartz crystal device of claim 4 , wherein the first and second electrodes in the adjacent ones of the groove structures on the same side have portions that face each other laterally across the line structure in the horizontal widthwise direction of the arms.
6 . The quartz crystal device of claim 5 , wherein the each of the groove structures comprises a trench having opposing sidewalls connected by a bottom surface.
7 . The quartz crystal device of claim 6 , wherein each of the groove structures has formed on at least a portion of at least one of the sidewalls thereof the first electrode or the second electrode.
8 . The quartz crystal device of claim 7 , wherein the first electrode or the second electrode formed on the at least one of the sidewalls extends to cover the bottom surface.
9 . The quartz crystal device of claim 4 , wherein each arm of the first pair comprises:
the first and second electrodes formed on sidewalls of a first line structure on one of the upper and lower sides and configured to apply an electric field through the first line structure in a first direction; and
the first and second electrodes formed on sidewalls of a second line structure on the other of the upper and lower sides and configured to apply an electric field through the second line structure in a second direction opposite the first direction.
10 . The quartz crystal device of claim 1 , wherein the horizontal lengthwise direction corresponds to an X-axis of a quartz crystal from which the quartz crystal is fabricated, and wherein the quartz crystal device has surface normal directions of main surfaces that are rotated between about −40 degrees and +40 degrees relative to the X-axis.
11 . The quartz crystal device of claim 1 , wherein the quartz crystal device is hermetically sealed in a package substrate having disposed therein an integrated circuit (IC) die electrically connected to the quartz crystal device and bonded to the package substrate.
12 . A quartz crystal device, comprising:
a quartz crystal comprising first and second pairs of arms elongated from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the arms; and
each arm of the first pair has formed on each of upper and lower sides thereof:
a pair of vertically recessed groove structures laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction, and
a first electrode and a second electrode having respective portions facing each other in a horizontal widthwise direction of the arms.
13 . The quartz crystal device of claim 12 , wherein the arms of the first pair are laterally interposed between and longer than the arms of the second pair.
14 . The quartz crystal device of claim 12 , wherein the pair of groove structures on a same side of each arm are separated in the horizontal widthwise direction of the arms by a vertically protruding line structure extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.
15 . The quartz crystal device of claim 14 , wherein adjacent ones of the groove structures on a same side of each of the arms have formed therein different ones of the first and second electrodes configured to be biased with opposite polarities.
16 . The quartz crystal device of claim 15 , wherein the first and second electrodes in the adjacent ones of the groove structures on the same side have respective portions that face each other laterally across the line structure in the horizontal widthwise direction of the arms.
17 . The quartz crystal device of claim 16 , wherein each of the groove structures comprises a trench having opposing sidewalls connected by a bottom surface.
18 . The quartz crystal device of claim 17 , wherein each of the groove structures has formed on at least a portion of at least one of the sidewalls thereof the first electrode or the second electrode.
19 . The quartz crystal device of claim 12 , wherein the horizontal lengthwise direction corresponds to an X-axis of a quartz crystal from which the quartz crystal is fabricated, and wherein the quartz crystal device has surface normal directions of main surfaces that are rotated between about −40 degrees and +40 degrees relative to the X-axis.
20 . The quartz crystal device of claim 12 , wherein adjacent groove structures on a same one of the upper and lower sides have formed therein different ones of the first and second electrodes configured to be biased with opposite polarities.
21 . A quartz crystal oscillator device, comprising:
a package substrate;
a quartz crystal device bonded to the package substrate, wherein the quartz crystal device comprises first and second pairs of elongate arms laterally extending from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the arms;
each arm of the first pair has formed on lower and upper sides thereof:
a pair of vertically recessed groove structures laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction, and
a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a line structure separating the pair of vertically recessed groove structures; and
an integrated circuit (IC) die electrically connected to the quartz crystal device and bonded to the package substrate.
22 . The quartz crystal oscillator device of claim 21 , wherein the first and second electrodes have respective portions facing each other across the line structure.
23 . The quartz crystal oscillator device of claim 21 , wherein the quartz crystal device is disposed over and at least partly overlaps the IC die.