IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,615,205
Granted Patent B1
US 12,615,205 · App. 19/408,780 · Granted Apr 28, 2026

Systems/methods of access traffic steering, switching and splitting (ATSSS)

Inventors: Peter D. Karabinis (Cary, NC); Dimitrios P. Karabinis (Edmonds, WA)
H04L45/24H04W16/14H04W40/04H04W76/15
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,615,205
App. No.
19/408,780
Granted
Apr 28, 2026
Kind
B1
Abstract

According to various embodiments of systems/methods disclosed herein, a system/method includes operations comprising: identifying a plurality of transmission paths, at least two of which comprise a heterogeneous difference relative to one another, for relaying information by a first system to a second system; transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; wherein the first transmission path comprises a heterogeneous difference relative to the second transmission path.

Claims (71)

1 . A first system that is configured to perform operations comprising:

identifying a plurality of transmission paths, at least two of which comprise a heterogeneous difference relative to one another, for relaying information to a second system;

transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and

transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths;

wherein the first transmission path comprises a heterogeneous difference relative to the second transmission path;

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths comprises transmitting the first data to a first device that is associated with said first transmission path and using the first device to relay the first data to the second system;

wherein said transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths comprises transmitting the second data to a second device that is associated with said second transmission path and using the second device to relay the second data to the second system; and

wherein the first device is distinct and heterogeneous relative to the second device.

2 . The first system of claim 1 ,

wherein the first system comprises an antenna comprising different linear polarizations including a vertical linear polarization and a horizontal linear polarization;

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths further comprises transmitting the first information to the second system by transmitting the first data over the first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths using said different linear polarizations comprising said vertical linear polarization and said horizontal linear polarization;

wherein the first system comprises a smartphone or a base station;

wherein the first device comprises a base station; and

wherein the second device comprises a Wi-Fi® access point.

3 . The first system of claim 2 ,

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the first information and wirelessly transmitting the first data using a first set of frequencies; and

wherein said transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the second information and wirelessly transmitting the second data using a second set of frequencies that differs from the first set of frequencies.

4 . The first system of claim 3 ,

wherein the first set of frequencies comprises licensed frequencies; and

wherein the second set of frequencies that differs from the first set of frequencies comprises unlicensed frequencies.

5 . The first system of claim 1 ,

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and said transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths occur concurrently in time with one another.

6 . The first system of claim 1 ,

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and said transmitting information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths occur sequentially in time with one another.

7 . The first system of claim 6 , wherein said sequentially in time with one another comprises:

transmitting the first information to the second system by transmitting the first data over the first transmission path; and then

transmitting the second information to the second system by transmitting the second data over the second transmission path.

8 . The first system of claim 1 , wherein the operations further comprise:

prior to said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths, selecting to transmit information to the second system by transmitting data solely over the first transmission path or by transmitting data solely over the second transmission path.

9 . The first system of claim 2 ,

wherein said transmitting first information to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the first information and wirelessly transmitting the first data using a first protocol or first air interface; and

wherein said transmitting second information to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the second information and wirelessly transmitting the second data using a second protocol or second air interface that differs from the first protocol or first air interface.

10 . The first system of claim 9 ,

wherein said first protocol or first air interface comprises a cellular protocol or a cellular air interface; and

wherein said second protocol or second air interface comprises a Wi-Fi® protocol or a Wi-Fi® air interface.

11 . A method comprising:

identifying a plurality of transmission paths, at least two of which comprise a heterogeneous difference relative to one another, for relaying information from a first system to a second system;

transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and

transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths;

wherein the first transmission path comprises a heterogeneous difference relative to the second transmission path;

wherein said transmitting first information comprises transmitting the first data to a first device that is associated with said first transmission path and using the first device to relay the first data to the second system;

wherein said transmitting second information comprises transmitting the second data to a second device that is associated with said second transmission path and using the second device to relay the second data to the second system; and

wherein the first device is distinct and heterogeneous relative to the second device.

12 . The method of claim 11 ,

wherein the first system comprises an antenna comprising different linear polarizations including a vertical linear polarization and a horizontal linear polarization;

wherein said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths further comprises transmitting the first information to the second system by transmitting the first data over the first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths using said different linear polarizations comprising said vertical linear polarization and said horizontal linear polarization;

wherein the first system comprises a smartphone or a base station;

wherein the first device comprises a base station; and

wherein the second device comprises a Wi-Fi® access point.

13 . The method of claim 12 ,

wherein said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the first information and wirelessly transmitting the first data using a first set of frequencies; and

wherein said transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the second information and wirelessly transmitting the second data using a second set of frequencies that differs from the first set of frequencies.

14 . The method of claim 13 ,

wherein the first set of frequencies comprises licensed frequencies; and

wherein the second set of frequencies that differs from the first set of frequencies comprises unlicensed frequencies.

15 . The method of claim 11 ,

wherein said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and said transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths occur concurrently in time with one another.

16 . The method of claim 11 ,

wherein said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and said transmitting information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths occur sequentially in time with one another.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein said sequentially in time with one another comprises:

transmitting the first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting the first data over the first transmission path; and then

transmitting the second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting the second data over the second transmission path.

18 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:

prior to said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths; and

transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path of the plurality of transmission paths, selecting by the first system to transmit information to the second system by transmitting data solely over the first transmission path or by transmitting data solely over the second transmission path.

19 . The method of claim 12 ,

wherein said transmitting first information by the first system to the second system by transmitting first data over a first transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the first information and wirelessly transmitting the first data using a first protocol or first air interface; and

wherein said transmitting second information by the first system to the second system by transmitting second data over a second transmission path comprises wirelessly transmitting the second information and wirelessly transmitting the second data using a second protocol or second air interface that differs from the first protocol or first air interface.

20 . The method of claim 19 ,

wherein said first protocol or first air interface comprises a cellular protocol or a cellular air interface; and

wherein said second protocol or second air interface comprises a Wi-Fi® protocol or a Wi-Fi® air interface.

Continuity (8)
Continuation 18174461 · Feb 24, 2023
Continuation 17165425 · Feb 2, 2021
Continuation 17082907 · Oct 28, 2020
Continuation 16781091 · Feb 4, 2020
Division 16385608 · Apr 16, 2019
Division 15868281 · Jan 11, 2018
Provisional Application 62451245 · Jan 27, 2017
Provisional Application 62445929 · Jan 13, 2017
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R1-1610131, “NR numerology scaling and alignment,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.2, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86-BIS, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610156, “Single beam SYNC design,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86b, Lisbon, Portugal, Sep. 10-14, 2016, 6 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610286, “Numerology for NR Synchronization Signals,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610300, “CP length for NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Vodafone Group PLC Orange, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610310, “eMBMS RS Design Considerations,” Agenda Item 7.2.4.2, Source Nokia et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86-bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610426, “Numerology design and link-level simulation results for high speed scenario,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source ETRI, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 9 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610500, Slides, “WF on Numerology for forward compatibility,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source InterDigital et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610503, Slides, “WF on Alignments among different numerologies in frequency domain,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source LG Electronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610521, Slides, “WF on Subframe duration,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source ZTE et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86b, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610558, Slides, “WF on Synchronization Signal for NR initial access,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source Huawei, HiSilicon, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 11-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610652, Slides, “WF on symbol level alignment,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source LG Electronics et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610789, Slides, “WF on Using Scaled Numerology for DL Control,” Agenda Item 8.1.7.1, Source Qualcomm, ZTE, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610883, Slides, “WF on Using Scaled Numerology for Control Transmission,” Agenda Item 8.1.7.1, Source Qualcomm et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610960, Slides, “WF on RACH Preamble,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.2, Source NTT DOCOMO et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 2 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610999, Slides, “WF on UL Power Control,” Agenda Item 8.1.4.5, Source Huawei et al., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 2 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1611040, “Offline outcome of Thursday afternoon on 8.1.2,” Agenda Item 8.1.2, Source NTT DOCOMO, Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1611060, “Offline Outcome of Friday Morning,” Agenda Item 8.1.2, Source NTT DOCOMO, Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 2 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1611655, “Mechanisms of bandwidth adaptation for control and data reception in single-carrier and multi-carrier cases,” Agenda Item 7.1.1, Source Huawei and HiSilicon, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #87, Reno, USA, Nov. 14… [cited by applicant]
R1-1611838, “Discussion on Dynamic Bandwidth Adaptation,” Agenda Item 7.1.4.1, Source LG Electronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #87, Reno, USA, Nov. 14-18, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1612119, “On UE-specific Bandwidth Adaptation for Single Carrier Operation,” Agenda Item 7.1.1, Source MediaTek Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #87, Reno, USA, Nov. 14-18, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1612315, “Bandwidth adaptation in NR,” Agenda Item 7.1.4.3, Source InterDigital Communications, 3GPP TSG-RAN WG1 #87, Reno, USA, Nov. 14-18, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
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R1-1608710, “Frame Structure for Ultra-Low Latency Scheduled-based UL Access,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.2, Source Idaho National Laboratory, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608759, “Discussion of NR Numerology,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Catt, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608783, “NR Numerology Agnostic Synchronization Channel Design,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source CATT, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608807, “TDD frame structure with mixed numerology,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.2, Source Fujitsu, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608920, “Discussion on numerology of NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Spreadtrum Communications, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608961, “Reference numerology for NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source ZTE and ZTE Microelectronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 6 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1608963, “About RB grid definition and Handling Inter-numerology Interference in NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source ZTE and ZTE Microelectronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 8 p… [cited by applicant]
R1-1609045, “RB grid for mixed numerology,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Samsung, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609050, “Numerology for URLLC,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Samsung, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609112, “Numerology for NR synchronization signal,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source Samsung, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609145, “Discussion on numerology multiplexing for supporting different service requirements,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.2, Source NEC, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609146, “Discussion on numerology of synchronization signals,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source NEC, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 2 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609153, “Discussion on PSS.SSS.PBCH in numerology multiplexing,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source NEC, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 2 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609265, “Numerology for NR Synchronization Signal,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source LG Electronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 7 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609273, “Overall structure of DL Control Transmission for NR,” Agenda item 8.1.7.1, Source LG Electronics, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 5 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609302, “Discussion on High Mobility Numerology and RS Design,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source CMCC, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609425, “Discussion on UE behavior on mixed numerology carrier,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Huawei, HiSilicon, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609428, “Numerology for 70 GHz and above,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Huawei, HiSilicon, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 6 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609503, “NR Reference numerology and time alignment,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Intel Corporation, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86b, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609504, “Slot and mini-slot numerology and alignment,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Intel Corporation, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609659, “Guard Band Arrangement Supporting Mixed Numerology,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Nokia, Alcatel- Lucent Shanghai Bell, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609660, “Intra-carrier Sub-band for mixed numerology,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent Shanghai Bell, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609676, “MBSFN reference signal design,” Agenda Item AII 7.2.4.2, Source Ericsson, 3GPP TSG WG1 Meeting #86, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609698, “Remaining numerology related aspects,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Panasonic, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609875, “Numerology for DL synchronization signal in NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.1, Source Sharp, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609876, “Numerology for PRACH Preamble in NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.5.2, Source Sharp, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 3 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609919, “Flexible Frame Structure and Control Signaling for NR,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.2, Source Motorola Mobility, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609978, “Design Options for Longer Cyclic Prefix and Link Level Simulation Results,” Agenda Item 7.2.4.1, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 7 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1609979, “RS Pattern for Longer CP,” Agenda Item 7.2.4.2, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86b, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 9 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610080, “Remaining numerology aspects,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source NTT DOCOMO, Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 4 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610123, “URLLC numerology and frame structure design,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 10 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610125, “NR B Size Design: 16 vs 12,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Qualcomm Inc., 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 10 pgs. [cited by applicant]
R1-1610126, “Scaled CP vs ECP delay spread Doppler and SNR tradeoff study,” Agenda Item 8.1.2.1, Source Qualcomm, 3GPP TSG RAN WG1 Meeting #86bis, Lisbon, Portugal, Oct. 10-14, 2016, 10 pgs. [cited by applicant]