IP Library Granted Patent US 12,648,951
Granted Patent B2
US 12,648,951 · App. 18/088,400 · Granted Jun 9, 2026

Methods of treating castration-resistant prostate cancer with glucocorticoid receptor antagonists, androgen deprivation therapy and anti-androgen receptor therapy

Inventors: Russell Z. Szmulewitz (Chicago, IL); Suzanne D. Conzen (Park Ridge, IL)
Assignee: University of Chicago
A61K31/567A61K31/4166A61K31/437A61K31/569A61K31/573A61K45/06A61N5/10
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,648,951
App. No.
18/088,400
Granted
Jun 9, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Embodiments of the invention are directed to the treatment of subjects with prostate cancer, in particular those with castration resistant prostate cancer, with glucocorticoid receptor antagonists. The prostate cancer may be one that has become resistant to androgen deprivation therapy, for example, by increase in glucocorticoid receptor expression and/or activity.

Claims (13)

1 . A method of treating prostate cancer in a subject comprising co-administering to said subject a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist and a drug or treatment that decreases circulating levels of testosterone (androgen deprivation therapy), wherein said subject exhibits androgen-deprived prostate cancer, and wherein said subject has previously been or is being treated with androgen deprivation therapy, wherein said androgen deprivation therapy comprises treatment with leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin degerelix or surgical castration, and wherein said subject has been or is being treated with an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the AR antagonist is MDV3100, ARN-509, flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide, or cyproterone acetate.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject exhibits prostate cancer with elevated GR expression.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said GR antagonist is beclometasone, betamethasone, budesonide, ciclesonide, flunisolide, fluticasone, GSK650394, mifepristone, mometasone, or triamcinoclone.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is treated with a second prostate cancer therapy.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is treated with surgical castration.

7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said second prostate cancer therapy comprises administration of an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist.

8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the AR antagonist is MDV3100, ARN-509, flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide, or cyproterone acetate.

9 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said second prostate cancer therapy is conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, immunotherapy or surgery.

10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said drug or treatment that decreases circulating levels of testosterone is given prior to said GR antagonist.

11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said drug or treatment that decreases circulating levels of testosterone is given after said GR antagonist.

12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said drug or treatment that decreases circulating levels of testosterone is given at the same time as said GR antagonist.

13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said prostate cancer is metastatic or recurrent prostate cancer.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Mar 23, 2023
From: CONZEN, SUZANNE D.; SZMULEWITZ, RUSSELL Z.
To: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
Reel/Frame 063082/0657 →
Continuity (7)
Continuation 16913916 · Jun 26, 2020
Continuation 16374157 · Apr 3, 2019
Continuation 15704726 · Sep 14, 2017
Continuation 15013660 · Feb 2, 2016
Continuation 14380606
Provisional Application 61603137 · Feb 24, 2012
Related Publication 20230218634A1 · Jul 13, 2023
References Cited (94)
US 8658128B2 · Altschul et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9114147B2 · Altschul et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9289436B2 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9314473B2 · Altschul et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9801893B2 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10300076B2 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10729699B2 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 11564932B2 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20070128627A1 · Simons, Jr. et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20090156672A1 · Budunova et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20110269728A1 · Pan et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120022121A1 · Dalton et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20150010503A1 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160151388A1 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20180036318A1 · Szmulewitz et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO 2023088358A1 · 2023 [cited by applicant]
European Patent Application No. 21183080.7 , “Office Action”, Jun. 29, 2023, 8 pages. [cited by applicant]
Antonarakis et al., “Emerging Therapeutic Approaches in the Management of Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer”, Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases, vol. 14, Sep. 2011, pp. 206-218. [cited by applicant]
Arora et al., “Glucocorticoid Receptor Confers Resistance to Antiandrogens by Bypassing Androgen Receptor Blockade”, Cell, vol. 155, No. 6, Dec. 5, 2013, pp. 1309-1322. [cited by applicant]
Attard et al., “Translating Scientific Advancement into Clinical Benefit for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients”, Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 1, No. 12, Jun. 15, 2011, pp. 3867-3875. [cited by applicant]
Belova et al., “Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer Associates with Older Patient Age”, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 116, No. 3, Aug. 2009, pp. 441-447. [cited by applicant]
Bolton et al., “Cell- and Gene-Specific Regulation of Primary Target Genes by the Androgen Receptor”, Genes Development, vol. 21, No. 16, Aug. 15, 2007, pp. 2005-2017. [cited by applicant]
Chan et al., “Prognostic Significance of Gleason Score 3+4 versus Gleason Score 4+3 Tumor at Radical Prostatectomy”, Adult Urology, vol. 56, No. 5, Nov. 2000, pp. 823-827. [cited by applicant]
Chen et al., “Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptor Heterodimer Formation: A Possible Mechanism for Mutual Inhibition of Transcriptional Activity”, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 272, No. 22, May 30, 1997, pp. 140… [cited by applicant]
Chi et al., “Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: From New Pathophysiology to New Treatment Targets”, European Urology, vol. 56, No. 4, Oct. 2009, pp. 594-605. [cited by applicant]
Clark et al., “1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-g]Hexahydro-Isoquinolines as Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonists with High Functional Activity”, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, vol. 18, No. 4, Feb. 15, 2008, pp. 1312… [cited by applicant]
Cleutjens et al., “Both Androgen Receptor and Glucocorticoid Receptor Are Able to Induce Prostate-Specific Antigen Expression, but Differ in Their Growth-Stimulating Properties of LNCaP Cells”, Endocrinology, vol. 138, … [cited by applicant]
Davies et al., “Association of Glucocorticoid Receptors with Prostate Nuclear Sites for Androgen Receptors and with Androgen Response Elements”, Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, vol. 5, No. 2, Oct. 1990, pp. 117-127. [cited by applicant]
Dayyani et al., “Novel Therapy For Metastatic Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer”, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 103, 2011, pp. 1665-1675. [cited by applicant]
De Bono et al., “Abiraterone and Increased Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer”, New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 364, No. 21, May 26, 2011, 19 pages. [cited by applicant]
Di Lorenzo et al., “Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, Drugs, vol. 70, No. 8, May 2010, pp. 983-1000. [cited by applicant]
Donovan et al., “Androgen Receptor Expression is Associated with Prostate Cancer-Specific Survival in Castrate Patients with Metastatic Disease”, Bob Jones University International, vol. 105, No. 4, Feb. 2010, pp. 462-4… [cited by applicant]
Efstathiou et al., “Molecular Characterization of Enzalutamide-treated Bone Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer”, European Urology, vol. 67, No. 1, Jan. 2015, pp. 53-60. [cited by applicant]
European Application No. 13751132.5 , Extended European Search Report, Mailed On Mar. 21, 2016, 14 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Application No. 13751132.5 , “Partial Supplementary European Search Report”, Sep. 7, 2015, 6 pages. [cited by applicant]
European Application No. 16183642.4 , Extended European Search Report, Mailed On Dec. 1, 2016, 12 pages. [cited by applicant]
Euroepean Application No. 21183080.7 , Extended European Search Report, Mailed On Oct. 21, 2021, 12 pages. [cited by applicant]
Fakih et al., “Glucocorticoids and Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Preclinical and Clinical Review”, Urology, vol. 60, No. 4, Oct. 2002, pp. 553-561. [cited by applicant]
Fiorentino et al., “Blood and Tissue Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: State of the Art”, Urologic Clinics of North America, vol. 37, No. 1, Feb. 2010, pp. 1-14. [cited by applicant]
Fradet , “PSA and Beyond: Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis”, Current Opinion in Urology, vol. 19, No. 3, May 2009, pp. 243-246. [cited by applicant]
Guo et al., “A Novel Androgen Receptor Splice Variant Is Up-Regulated During Prostate Cancer Progression and Promotes Androgen Depletion-Resistant Growth”, Cancer Research, vol. 69, No. 6, Mar. 15, 2009, pp. 2305-2313. [cited by applicant]
Han et al., “Biochemical (Prostate Specific Antigen) Recurrence Probability Following Radical Prostatectomy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer”, The Journal of Urology, vol. 169, No. 2, Feb. 2003, pp. 517-523. [cited by applicant]
Hinrichs et al., “Glucocorticoids Do Not Inhibit Antitumor Activity of Activated CD8+ T Cells”, Journal of Immunotherapy, Voliume 28, No. 6, 2005, 17 pages. [cited by applicant]
Ho et al., “A Complex Response Element in Intron 1 of the Androgen-Regulated 20-kDa Protein Gene Displays Cell Type-Dependent Androgen Receptor Specificity”, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 268, No. 36, Dec. 25, 1… [cited by applicant]
Isikbay et al., “Glucocorticoid Receptor Activity Contributes to Resistance to Androgen-Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer”, Hormones and Cancer, vol. 5, No. 2, Apr. 2014, pp. 72-89. [cited by applicant]
Jemal et al., “Cancer Statistics”, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 60, No. 5, Sep.-Oct. 2010, pp. 277-300. [cited by applicant]
Kach et al., “Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (SGRMs) Delay Castrate- Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth”, Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, vol. 16, No. 8, Aug. 2017, pp. 1680-1692. [cited by applicant]
Karantanos et al., “Understanding the Mechanisms of Androgen Deprivation Resistance in Prostate Cancer at the Molecular Level”, European Urology, vol. 67, No. 1, 2015, pp. 470-479. [cited by applicant]
Kim et al., “Current Treatment Strategies for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, Korean Journal of Urology, vol. 52, No. 3, Mar. 2011, pp. 157-165. [cited by applicant]
Klein et al., “Analyzing Survival Curves at a Fixed Point in Time”, Statistics in Medicine, vol. 26, No. 24, Oct. 30, 2007, pp. 4505-4519. [cited by applicant]
Koochenkpour , “Androgen Receptor Signaling and Mutations in Prostate Cancer”, Asian Journal of Andrology, vol. 12, No. 5, Sep. 2010, pp. 639-657. [cited by applicant]
Li et al., “High Level of Androgen Receptor is Associated with Aggressive Clinicopathologic Features and Decreased Biochemical Recurrence-Free Survival in Prostate: Cancer Patients Treated with Radical Prostatectomy”, T… [cited by applicant]
Lotan et al., “Up-Regulation of MKK4, MKK6 and MKK7 During Prostate Cancer Progression: An Important Role for SAPK Signalling in Prostatic Neoplasia”, The Journal of Pathology, vol. 212, No. 4, Aug. 2007, pp. 386-394. [cited by applicant]
Makarov et al., “Updated Nomogram to Predict Pathologic Stage of Prostate Cancer Given Prostate-Specific Antigen Level, Clinical Stage, and Biopsy Gleason Score (Partin Tables) Based on Cases from 2000 to 2005”, Urology… [cited by applicant]
Mikosz et al., “Glucocorticoid Receptor-Mediated Protection from Apoptosis is Associated with Induction of the Serine/Threonine Survival Kinase Gene, sgk-1”, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, No. 20, May 18… [cited by applicant]
Mohler et al., “Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptors in the Stroma and Epithelium of Prostatic Hyperplasia and Carcinoma”, Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 2, No. 5, May 1996, pp. 889-895. [cited by applicant]
Montgomery et al., “Impact of Baseline Corticosteroids on Survival and Steroid Androgens in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Exploratory Analysis from COU-AA-301”, Eur. Urology, vol. 67, No. 5, 2014, 8 p… [cited by applicant]
Mottet et al., “EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, European Urology, vol. 59, Jan. 2011, pp. 572-583. [cited by applicant]
Niemeier et al., “Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer: Expression in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Tumors and in Estrogen Receptor-Negative Tumors with Apocrine Differentiation”, Modern Pathology, vol. 23, No. 2, Feb. 2010,… [cited by applicant]
Ohlmann et al., “Novel Options for the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, World Journal of Urology, vol. 30, No. 4, Aug. 2012, pp. 495-503. [cited by applicant]
International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/027150 , International Preliminary Report on Patentability, Mailed On Sep. 4, 2014, 7 pages. [cited by applicant]
International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/027150 , International Search Report and Written Opinion, Mailed On Apr. 29, 2013, 9 pages. [cited by applicant]
Petrylak et al., “Evaluation of Prostate-Specific Antigen Declines for Surrogacy in Patients Treated on SWOG 99-16”, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 98, No. 8, Apr. 19, 2006, pp. 516-521. [cited by applicant]
Pound et al., “Natural History of Progression after PSA Elevation Following Radical Prostatectomy”, JAMA, vol. 281, No. 17, May 5, 1999, pp. 1591-1597. [cited by applicant]
Rauhala et al., “Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 1 and Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase are Downregulated in Prostate Cancer”, International Journal of Cancer, vol. 117, No. 5, Dec. 10, 2005, pp. 738-745. [cited by applicant]
Rosner et al., “Higher Tumor to Benign Ratio of the Androgen Receptor mRNA Expression Associates with Prostate Cancer Progression after Radical Prostatectomy”, Urology, vol. 70, No. 6, Dec. 2007, pp. 1225-1229. [cited by applicant]
Sahoo et al., “Coordinate Expression of the PI3-Kinase Downstream Effectors Serum and Glucocorticoid-Induced Kinase (SGK-1) and Akt-1 in Human Breast Cancer”, European Journal of Cancer, vol. 41, No. 17, Nov. 2005, pp. … [cited by applicant]
Sahu et al., “FoxA1 Specifies Unique Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptor Binding Events in Prostate Cancer Cells”, Cancer Research, vol. 73, No. 5, Mar. 2013, pp. 1570-1580. [cited by applicant]
Scher et al., “Antitumour Activity of MDV3100 in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase 1-2 Study”, Lancet, vol. 375, No. 9724, Apr. 24, 2010, pp. 1437-1446. [cited by applicant]
Scher et al., “Biology of Progressive, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Directed Therapies Targeting the Androgen-Receptor Signaling Axis”, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 23, No. 32, Nov. 10, 2005, pp. 8253-826… [cited by applicant]
Scher et al., “End Points and Outcomes in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: From Clinical Trials to Clinical Practice”, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 29, No. 27, Sep. 20, 2011, pp. 3695-3704. [cited by applicant]
Seruga et al., “Drug Resistance in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, vol. 8, No. 1, Jan. 2011, pp. 12-23. [cited by applicant]
Shanmugam et al., “Serum/Glucocorticoid-Induced Protein Kinase-1 Facilitates Androgen Receptor-Dependent Cell Survival”, Cell Death Differ, vol. 14, No. 12, Oct. 12, 2007, pp. 2085-2094. [cited by applicant]
Sherk et al., “Development of a Small Molecule Serum and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1 Antagonist and its Evaluation as a Prostate Cancer Therapeutic”, Cancer Research, vol. 68, No. 18, Sep. 15, 2008, pp. 7475-7483. [cited by applicant]
Song et al., “Dihydrotestosterone Enhances Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation through STAT5 Activation via Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway”, The Prostate, vol. 74, No. 12, Sep. 2014, pp. 1240-1248. [cited by applicant]
Srinivas et al., “Phase II Study Evaluating Oral Triamcinolone in Patients with Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer”, Adult Urology, vol. 67, No. 5, May 1, 2006, pp. 1001-1006. [cited by applicant]
Stephenson et al., “Preoperative Nomogram Predicting the 10-Year Probability of Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy”, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 98, No. 10, May 17, 2006, pp. 715-7… [cited by applicant]
Sterbis et al., “Higher Expression of the Androgen-Regulated Gene PSA/HK3 mRNA in Prostate Cancer Tissues Predicts Biochemical Recurrence-Free Survival”, Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 14, No. 3, Feb. 2008, pp. 758-763. [cited by applicant]
Sun et al., “Castration Resistance in Human Prostate Cancer is Conferred by a Frequently Occurring Androgen Receptor Splice Variant”, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 120, No. 8, Aug. 2, 2010, pp. 2715-2730. [cited by applicant]
Szmulewitz et al., “Serum/Glucocorticoid-Regulated Kinase 1 Expression in Primary Human Prostate Cancers”, Prostate, vol. 72, No. 2, Feb. 1, 2012, pp. 157-164. [cited by applicant]
Tannock et al., “Docetaxel Plus Prednisone or Mitoxantrone Plus Prednisone for Advanced Prostate Cancer”, The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 351, No. 15, Oct. 7, 2004, pp. 1502-1512. [cited by applicant]
Taplin et al., “A Phase II Study of Mifepristone (RU-486) in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, with a Correlative Assessment of Androgen-Related Hormones”, BJU International, vol. 101, No. 9, May 1, 2008, pp. 1084-1… [cited by applicant]
Tessier et al., “Serum and Glucocorticoid-Regulated Protein Kinases: Variations on a Theme”, Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol. 98, No. 6, Aug. 15, 2006, pp. 1391-1407. [cited by applicant]
Twiddy et al., “Cholesterol as a Potential Target for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer”, Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 28, No. 3, Mar. 2011, pp. 423-437. [cited by applicant]
Ward et al., “Rising Prostate-Specific Antigen after Primary Prostate Cancer Therapy”, Nature Clinical Practice Urology, vol. 2, No. 4, Apr. 1, 2005, pp. 174-182. [cited by applicant]
Wright et al., “Differences in Prostate Cancer Outcomes Between Cases With Gleason 4+3 and Gleason 3+4 Tumors in a Population-Based Cohort”, The Journal of Urology, vol. 182, No. 6, Dec. 2009, pp. 2702-2707. [cited by applicant]
Wu et al., “Microarray Analysis Reveals Glucocorticoid-Regulated Survival Genes that are Associated with Inhibition of Apoptosis in Breast Epithelial Cells”, Cancer Research, vol. 64, No. 5, Mar. 1, 2004, pp. 1757-1764. [cited by applicant]
Xie et al., “The Expression of Glucocorticoid Receptor is Negatively Regulated by Active Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Tumors”, Int. J. Cancer, vol. 136, 2015, pp. E27-E38. [cited by applicant]
Yan et al., “Relationship between Glucocorticoid Receptor Signal Pathway and Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer”, Urologia Internationalis, vol. 81, Issue 2, 2008, pp. 228-233. [cited by applicant]
Yemelyanov et al., “Differential Targeting of Androgen and Glucocorticoid Receptors Induces ER Stress and Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells”, Cell Cycle, vol. 11, No. 2, Jan. 15, 2012, pp. 395-406. [cited by applicant]
Yemelyanov et al., “Tumor Suppressor Activity of Glucocorticoid Receptor in the Prostate”, Oncogene, vol. 26, No. 13, Mar. 22, 2007, pp. 1885-1896. [cited by applicant]
Zegarra-Moro et al., “Disruption of Androgen Receptor Function Inhibits Proliferation of Androgen-Refractory Prostate Cancer Cells”, Cancer Research, vol. 62, No. 4, Feb. 15, 2002, pp. 1008-1013. [cited by applicant]
Zhao et al., “Glucocorticoid Receptor in Prostate Epithelia is not required for Corticosteroid-Induced Epithelial Hyperproliferation in the Mouse Prostate”, The Prostate, vol. 74, 2014, pp. 1068-1078. [cited by applicant]
Zou et al., “Androgen-Induced Coactivator ANCCA Mediates Specific Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer”, Cancer Research, vol. 69, No. 8, Apr. 2009, pp. 3339-3346. [cited by applicant]