Adsorbent, method for manufacturing the same, adsorption sheet, artificial dialysis membrane, and artificial dialyzer
An adsorbent that includes a particle of a layered material that contains one or a plurality of layers; and contains Li. The one or plural layers includes a layer body represented by: M m X n where, M represents at least one Group-3, -4, -5, -6, or -7 metal, X represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is 1 to 4, and m is larger than n, and equal to or less than 5; and a modified/terminal part T resides on a surface of the layer body, T represents at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, oxygen atom, and hydrogen atom, the modified/terminal part T residing on a surface of the layer body, the particle has an average thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm, and the adsorbent has a Li content of 0.0001% by mass to 0.0020% by mass.
1 . An adsorbent comprising:
a particle of a layered material that contains one or a plurality of layers; and
Li, the one or the plurality of layers including a layer body represented by:
M m X n
where, M represents at least one Group-3, -4, -5, -6, or -7 metal,
X represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof,
n is 1 to 4, and
m is larger than n, and equal to or less than 5; and
a modified/terminal part T resides on a surface of the layer body, and T represents at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxy group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, oxygen atom, and hydrogen atom,
the particle has an average thickness of 1 nm to 10 nm, and
the adsorbent has a Li content of 0.0001% by mass to 0.0020% by mass.
2 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent has a (002) plane peak in an X-ray diffractometry profile of the adsorbent at a 2θ angle of 8° or larger.
3 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent has a (002) plane peak in an X-ray diffractometry profile of the adsorbent at a 2θ angle of 8° to 9°.
4 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the particle has an average maximum dimension, measured in a plane in parallel with the layer containing the particle, of 0.1 μm to 20 μm.
5 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more materials selected from ceramic, metal, and resin materials.
6 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent has a sheet form.
7 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is constructed to adsorb a polar organic compound.
8 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is constructed to adsorb a compound having either or both of hydroxy group and amino group, and ammonia.
9 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is constructed to adsorb a uremic toxin.
10 . The adsorbent according to claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent is constructed to adsorb urea.
11 . An adsorption sheet comprising the adsorbent according to claim 1 .
12 . An artificial dialysis membrane comprising the adsorbent according to claim 1 .
13 . An artificial dialyzer comprising the adsorbent according to claim 1 .
14 . A method for manufacturing an adsorbent, the method comprising:
(a) preparing a precursor represented by:
M m AX n
where, M represents at least one Group-3, -4, -5, -6, or -7 metal,
X represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof,
A represents at least one Group-12, -13, -14, -15, or -16 element,
n is 1 to 4, and
m is larger than n, and equal to or less than 5;
(b1) etching the precursor using an etching solution so as to remove at least a part of atoms A from the precursor to obtain an etched product;
(c1) washing the etched product with water to obtain a water-washed product;
(d1) conducting Li intercalation including a process of mixing the water-washed product with a Li-containing compound to obtain a Li-intercalated product;
(e) conducting delamination including a process of stirring the Li-intercalated product to obtain a delaminated product;
(f) conducting acid treatment including a process of mixing the delaminated product with an acid solution to obtain an acid-treated product; and
(g) washing the acid-treated product with water to obtain the adsorbent, the adsorbent having a Li content of 0.0001% by mass to 0.0020% by mass.
15 . A method for manufacturing the adsorbent according to claim 14 , wherein the acid-treated product has a pH of 2.5 or less.
16 . A method for manufacturing an adsorbent, the method comprising:
(a) preparing a precursor represented by:
M m AX n
where, M represents at least one Group-3, -4, -5, -6, or -7 metal,
X represents a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof,
A represents at least one Group-12, -13, -14, -15, or -16 element,
n is 1 to 4, and
m is larger than n, and equal to or less than 5;
(b2) etching the precursor using an etching solution that contains a Li-containing compound so as to remove at least a part of atoms A from the precursor concurrently with Li intercalation to obtain an etched-and-Li-intercalated product;
(c2) washing the etched-and-Li-intercalated product with water to obtain a water-washed product;
(e) conducting delamination including a process of stirring the water-washed product to obtain a delaminated product;
(f) conducting acid treatment including a process of mixing the delaminated product with an acid solution to obtain an acid-treated product; and
(g) washing the acid-treated product with water to obtain the adsorbent, the adsorbent having a Li content of 0.0001% by mass to 0.0020% by mass.
17 . A method for manufacturing the adsorbent according to claim 16 , wherein the acid-treated product has a pH of 2.5 or less.