Granted Patent B2

US 12,736,504 · App. 19/051,045 · Granted Sep 15, 2026

Inventors: Daniel Jardine (Santa Clara, CA); Michael Stowell (Sunnyvale, CA); Daniel Cook (Woodside, CA); Carlos Montalvo (Cambria, CA)

Assignee: Lyten, Inc.

G01N29/036G01N33/0047B60C11/243G01N2291/014

Abstract

Claims (32)

1 . An apparatus, comprising:

an adhesive material; and

at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator disposed on or in the adhesive material, wherein the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator is formed from a carbon-containing material, and wherein the adhesive material is a non-elastomeric material or a semi-rigid material.

2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator is configured to have a resonance frequency shift in response to an alteration of the adhesive material.

3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the alteration includes a change in concentration of one or more volatile substances proximate to the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator or the adhesive material.

4 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive material is a porous flexible matrix.

5 . The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the porous flexible matrix comprises chemically reactive materials.

6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator is configured to resonate at a first frequency in response to an interrogation signal.

7 . The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first frequency is correlated with a first concentration of a first volatile substance.

8 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the first concentration of the first volatile substance is correlated with a first permittivity, and a second concentration of the first volatile substance is correlated with a second permittivity.

9 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the first concentration of the first volatile substance is located proximate to an exterior surface of the adhesive material.

10 . The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the carbon-containing material includes at least one of: a carbonaceous growth, three-dimensional (3D) monolithic carbonaceous growth, or a carbon composite.

11 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first frequency is based at least in part on one or more physical characteristics of the adhesive material.

12 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the adhesive material in combination with the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator creates an ensemble frequency effect, based on a combination of a resonance frequency shift of the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator and a frequency response of the adhesive material.

13 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the resonance frequency shift is at a first frequency in response to an electromagnetic ping when the adhesive material is in a first state, and is at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the adhesive material is in a second state.

14 . The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein a first frequency of the resonance frequency shift indicates a first condition of the adhesive material by generating a first electromagnetic return signal in response to an electromagnetic ping, and a second frequency of the resonance frequency shift indicates a second condition of the adhesive material by generating a second electromagnetic return signal in response to the electromagnetic ping.

15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the first frequency is different than the second frequency.

16 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator includes a resonance portion, wherein the resonance portion is configured to resonate at a first frequency in response to an electromagnetic ping when a state of the adhesive material exceeds a threshold, and is configured to resonate at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the state of the adhesive material is beneath the threshold.

17 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-containing material includes a carbonaceous growth, and a resonant frequency of 3D monolithic carbonaceous growth is based at least in part on either or both of a permittivity and a permeability of the adhesive material.

18 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator comprises a plurality of resonators arranged in an array;

each resonator in the array is configured to resonate at a different frequency; and

the array of resonators is capable of detecting multiple volatile substances simultaneously.

19 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:

a protective layer disposed over the adhesive material and the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator;

wherein the protective layer is permeable to volatile substances; and

wherein the protective layer is configured to protect the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator from physical damage while allowing volatile substances to reach the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator.

20 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

the adhesive material is configured as a flexible sheet;

the at least one macro-scale or meso-scale or micro-scale resonator is printed on or embedded within the flexible sheet;

the flexible sheet is capable of conforming to non-planar surfaces; and

the apparatus further comprises an adhesive layer on one side of the flexible sheet for attaching the apparatus to a surface.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (21)

References Cited (206)