Method for forming oxide below control gate in vertical channel thin film transistor
A fabrication process for a vertical channel transistor provides a desired control gate-to-drain overlap and sufficient isolation between the control gate and an underlying metal line. A body of the transistor is formed on a metal line, such as in a pillar shape. The metal line is oxidized to form metal oxide regions having an expanded volume. A gate insulator material and a control gate material are then deposited. The resulting structure is etched to form separate control gates for each transistor, and to expose the metal oxide. A further etch is performed to remove the metal oxide, forming voids under and around the control gates. An insulation fills the voids. An example implementation is a vertical bit line memory device in which the transistors connect a vertical bit line to a horizontal bit line.
1. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
etching a layered semiconductor material, the layered semiconductor material comprising polysilicon layers above a metal line, the etching etches through the polysilicon layers and down to the metal line, forming polysilicon structures from the polysilicon layers and exposing regions of the metal line, each of the polysilicon structures is a body of a vertical channel transistor;
oxidizing the regions of the metal line to provide metal oxide regions;
after the oxidizing, depositing a gate insulator material followed by depositing a control gate material;
etching through the control gate material and the gate insulator material and down to the metal oxide regions, the etching through forms control gates of the vertical channel transistors from the control gate material, and the etching through forms gate insulators between the polysilicon structures and the control gates from the gate insulator material;
etching away the metal oxide regions, the etching away forms voids directly under the control gates; and
depositing an insulation material, a portion of the insulation material fills the voids.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the etching away uses hot trimethyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium hydroxide without dilute hydrofluoric acid.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the oxidizing of the regions of the metal line expands a volume and a height of the regions of the metal line.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein:
horizontal portions of the gate insulator material extend below bottom portions of the control gates; and
a height of the bottom portions of the control gates is set based on a height of the metal oxide regions and a thickness of the horizontal portions of the gate insulator material.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein:
the polysilicon layers comprises a middle polysilicon layer between a lower polysilicon layer and an upper polysilicon layer; and
the control gates overlap the lower polysilicon layer.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the metal line comprises a second layer above a first layer;
an oxidation barrier layer is between the first layer and the second layer; and
the metal oxide regions are formed from the second layer but not the first layer.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein:
the oxidation barrier layer comprises titanium nitride.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
oxidizing surfaces of the polysilicon structures to provide oxidized regions of the polysilicon structures; and
performing a cleaning process which removes the oxidized regions of the polysilicon structures, the cleaning process is performed after the oxidizing of the regions of the metal line and before the depositing the gate insulator material, and the cleaning process is selective to the oxidized regions of the polysilicon structures but not to the metal oxide regions.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein:
the cleaning process uses dilute hydrofluoric acid.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
in connection with the etching of the layered semiconductor material, etching portions of the metal line which are adjacent to the polysilicon structure but not directly under the polysilicon structures, forming conductive pedestals in the metal lines under each of the bodies of the vertical channel transistors.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the polysilicon structures comprise pillars.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the metal line is a global bit line in a memory device; and
each polysilicon structure has a bottom which is electrically connected to the global bit line and a top which is electrically connected to a vertical bit line in the memory device.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
a distance between bottom portions of the control gates and top portions of the metal line is greater than a thickness of vertical portions of the gate insulator material.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the gate insulator material comprises oxide.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the control gate material comprises polysilicon.
16. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a body of a vertical channel transistor above a metal line, the body of the vertical channel transistor and the metal line are carried on a substrate;
forming metal oxide regions extending upward from the metal line by oxidizing regions of the metal line;
depositing a gate insulator material;
depositing a control gate material on the gate insulator material, the control gate material provides a control gate of the vertical channel transistor, and the gate insulator material provides a spacer between the control gate and the body; and
replacing the metal oxide regions with an insulation to cause a bottom portion of the control gate material to be separated from the metal line by the gate insulator material and the insulation.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein:
the body comprises a middle polysilicon layer between a lower polysilicon layer and an upper polysilicon layer; and
a bottom portion of the control gate overlaps with the lower polysilicon layer.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein:
the forming of the body comprises etching a layered semiconductor material down to the metal line.
19. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
etching a layered semiconductor material, the layered semiconductor material comprising polysilicon layers above a metal line, the etching etches through the polysilicon layers and a portion of the metal line, forming polysilicon structures from the polysilicon layers, forming pedestal regions in the metal line and exposing regions of the metal line, each of the polysilicon structures is a body of a vertical channel transistor;
oxidizing the regions of the metal line to provide metal oxide regions;
after the oxidizing, depositing a gate insulator material followed by depositing a control gate material;
etching through the control gate material and the gate insulator material and down to the metal oxide regions, the etching through forms control gates of the vertical channel transistors from the control gate material, and the etching through forms gate insulators between the polysilicon structures and the control gates from the gate insulator material;
etching away the metal oxide regions, the etching away forms voids directly under the control gates; and
depositing an insulation, a portion of the insulation fills the voids.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein:
the body comprises a middle polysilicon layer between a lower polysilicon layer and an upper polysilicon layer; and
bottom portions of the control gates overlap with the lower polysilicon layer.