Methods for treating abnormal growths in the body using a flow reducing implant
A flow reducing implant for reducing blood flow in a blood vessel having a cross sectional dimension, the flow reducing implant comprising a hollow element adapted for placement in the blood vessel defining a flow passage therethrough, said flow passage comprising at least two sections, one with a larger diameter and one with a smaller diameter, wherein said smaller diameter is smaller than a cross section of the blood vessel. A plurality of tabs anchor, generally parallel to the blood vessel wall, are provided in some embodiments of the invention.
1. A method of treating a blood flow problem, the method comprising:
inserting a radially expandable hourglass shaped implant in a collapsed configuration into a. vessel, the implant comprising;
a narrowed section having first and second ends and defining a flow passage therethrough: and
first and second flared sections located at the first and second ends of the narrowed section; and
radially expanding the implant into an expanded configuration to engage a wall of and modify blood flow through the vessel.
2. An hourglass shaped implantable device comprising:
a narrowed section having first and second ends and defining a flow passage therethrough; and
first and second flared sections located at the first and second ends of the narrowed section, wherein:
the device is radially expandable from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration,
the device is configured to be delivered to a blood vessel in the collapsed configuration, and
the device is configured to engage a wall of and to modify blood flow through a blood vessel in the expanded configuration.
3. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , wherein the device is coated with materials that promote tissue ingrowth.
4. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , wherein a portion of the device is coated with a biologically inert material.
5. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , wherein the narrowed section is configured to decrease blood flow through the blood vessel.
6. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 5 , wherein the blood vessel is a coronary sinus.
7. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 6 , wherein the decrease in the blood flow through the coronary sinus is sufficient to cause angiogenesis.
8. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , wherein the first flared section comprises a first portion having a substantially constant diameter and a second portion between the first portion and the first end of the narrowed section and having a diameter that decreases from the first portion to the narrowed section.
9. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 8 , wherein the diameter of the second portion decreases continuously from the first portion to the narrowed section.
10. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , wherein:
the second flared section comprises a first portion and a second portion;
the first section portion has a diameter that increases from the second end of the throat narrowed section to the second section portion; and
the second section portion has a substantially constant diameter.
11. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 10 , wherein the diameter of the first portion increases continuously from the throat to the second section.
12. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of apertures in the first flared section, the narrowed section, and the second flared section.
13. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of apertures have a configuration that provides a greater stiffness to the narrowed section than the first flared section and the second flared section.
14. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of apertures have a configuration that allows the first flared section and the second flared section, to expand to a diameter larger than the narrowed section.
15. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein a diameter of the narrowed section is substantially fixed at a size that is predetermined prior o implantation by a configuration of the plurality of apertures on the narrowed section.
16. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein a length of the plurality of apertures increases as a function of a distance from a center of the narrowed section.
17. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein one or more apertures of the plurality of apertures in each of the first flared section and the first flared section are on average larger than one or more apertures of the plurality of apertures in the narrowed section.
18. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of apertures fill at least 80% of a surface of the device.
19. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 12 , wherein the first flared section has a first diameter and the second flared section has a second diameter, wherein the first diameter is larger than the second diameter.
20. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 19 , wherein the first and second diameters are based on a configuration of one or more apertures of the plurality of apertures in each of the first flared section and the first flared section.
21. The hourglass shaped implantable device of claim 1 , wherein:
the first flared section comprises a diameter that decreases from an end of the first flared section to the first end of the narrowed section; and
the second flared section comprises a diameter that increases from the second end of the narrowed section to an end of the second flared section.