Systems and methods for suppressing sound leakage
A speaker comprises a housing, a transducer residing inside the housing, and at least one sound guiding hole located on the housing. The transducer generates vibrations. The vibrations produce a sound wave inside the housing and cause a leaked sound wave spreading outside the housing from a portion of the housing. The at least one sound guiding hole guides the sound wave inside the housing through the at least one sound guiding hole to an outside of the housing. The guided sound wave interferes with the leaked sound wave in a target region. The interference at a specific frequency relates to a distance between the at least one sound guiding hole and the portion of the housing.
1 . A speaker, comprising:
an ear hook, the ear hook matches a user's auricle and is hung on the user's ear such that the speaker can be arranged around or partially around the user's ear while keeping the user's ear open;
a speaker housing;
a transducer residing inside the speaker housing and configured to generate vibrations, the vibrations producing a sound wave inside the housing; and
at least two sound guiding holes located on the speaker housing and configured to guide the sound wave inside the housing through the at least two sound guiding holes to an outside of the speaker housing, wherein
the at least two sound guiding holes include a first sound guiding hole and a second sound guiding hole, the first sound guiding hole and the second sound guiding hole are located on different side walls of the speaker housing, and the guided sound waves of the first sound guiding hole and the second sound guiding hole have different phases,
the speaker housing includes a specific side wall where no sound guiding hole is located, and a distance from the first sound guiding hole to the specific side wall of the speaker housing is different from a distance from the second sound guiding hole to the specific side wall of the speaker housing.
2 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein
the speaker housing includes a bottom or a sidewall; and
the at least two sound guiding hole are located on the bottom or the sidewall of the speaker housing.
3 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein locations of the at least two sound guiding holes are determined based on at least one of: a vibration frequency of the transducer, shapes of the at least two sound guiding holes, or a count of the at least two sound guiding holes.
4 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the first sound guiding hole or the second sound guiding hole includes a damping layer, the damping layer being configured to adjust the phase of the guided sound wave of the first sound guiding hole or the second sound guiding hole.
5 . The speaker of claim 4 , wherein the damping layer includes at least one of: a tuning paper, a tuning cotton, a nonwoven fabric, a silk, a cotton, a sponge, or a rubber.
6 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein a shape of at least one sound guiding hole of the at least two sound guiding holes includes circle, ellipse, quadrangle, rectangle, or linear.
7 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the speaker further includes:
at least one acoustic route coupled to at least one sound guiding hole of the at least two sound guiding holes, wherein a guided sound wave of the at least one sound guiding hole is propagated to the at least one sound guiding hole along the acoustic route, and the at least one acoustic route is configured to adjust a frequency of the guided sound wave.
8 . The speaker of claim 7 , wherein the acoustic route is configured to adjust a frequency of the guided sound wave by filtering sound waves in target frequencies.
9 . The speaker of claim 7 , wherein the acoustic route includes one or more lumen structures.
10 . The speaker of claim 7 , wherein the acoustic route includes one or more resonance cavities.
11 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein:
the first sound guiding hole is closer to the user's ear canal than the second sound guiding hole, and a distance between the first sound guiding hole and the second sound guiding hole is not greater than 12 mm.
12 . The speaker of claim 11 , wherein when the user wears the speaker, a distance between a center point of the first sound guiding hole and a center point of the user's ear canal is no more than 1 cm.
13 . The speaker of claim 11 , wherein:
a first aperture of the first sound guiding hole is greater than a second aperture of the second sound guiding hole.
14 . The speaker of claim 13 , wherein an aperture ratio of the first aperture of the first sound guiding hole to the second aperture of the second sound guiding hole is not less than 1.
15 . The speaker of claim 13 , wherein an aperture ratio of the first aperture of the first sound guiding hole to the second aperture of the second sound guiding hole is not less than 5.
16 . The speaker of claim 13 , wherein an aperture ratio of the first aperture of the first sound guiding hole to the second aperture of the second sound guiding hole is not less than 10.
17 . The speaker of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first guiding tube corresponding to the first sound guiding hole; and
a second guiding tube corresponding to the second sound guiding hole, wherein
a radius of the first guiding tube or a radius of the second guiding tube is within a range of 1.75 mm-5 mm.
18 . The speaker of claim 17 , wherein a length of the first guiding tube or a length of the second guiding tube is not greater than 10 mm.
19 . The speaker of claim 17 , wherein
a ratio of a length of the first guiding tube to a diameter of the first guiding tube is not greater than 200, or
a ratio of a length of the second guiding tube to a diameter of the second guiding tube is not greater than 200.
20 . The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the guided sound waves of the first sound guiding hole and the second sound guiding hole interfere with each other to reduce a sound pressure level of a leaked sound wave of the speaker.