Layered ferromagnetic coated conductor thermal surgical tool
A thermal surgical tool comprising a conductor having a ferromagnetic material attached thereto is provided. The conductor may include a support of sufficiently high Young's modulus to resist bending when the surgical tool is being used to treat tissue. One or more intervening layers may be disposed between the support and the ferromagnetic material. Each of the intervening layers may be selected for a property that facilitates construction of the surgical tool and/or enhances a functionality of the surgical tool. The thermal surgical tool can be used for separating tissue, coagulation, tissue destruction or achieving other desired tissue effects in numerous surgical procedures.
1. A method for manufacturing a thermal surgical tool comprising:
forming an electrical conductor by attaching an electrically conductive intervening layer to a metallic support; and
coating the electrical conductor with a ferromagnetic material by electroplating;
wherein the intervening layer is disposed between the metallic support and the ferromagnetic coating.
2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing the electrical conductor with connection sites for connecting the electrical conductor to a power source independent of the ferromagnetic material.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising disposing an exterior layer over the ferromagnetic material and at least a portion of the electrical conductor.
4. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:
disposing a second intervening layer between the metallic support and the electrically conductive intervening layer, wherein the second intervening layer comprises a strike layer that extends substantially a full length of the metallic support.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein attaching the electrically conductive intervening layer to the metallic support includes electroplating the electrically conductive intervening layer to the metallic support.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the strike layer includes at least one of nickel or gold.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic support is at least partially hollow.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the metallic support has a coefficient of thermal expansion which is less than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the ferromagnetic material, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the intervening layer is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the support and less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ferromagnetic material.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ferromagnetic material extends a length along the metallic support, the length of the ferromagnetic material being less than about 90 percent of a length of the metallic support.
10. The method according to claim 1 , comprising:
disposing a first sleeve on a first end of the metallic support; and
disposing a second sleeve on a second end of the metallic support, the first sleeve and the second sleeve being in electrical communication with the electrically conductive intervening layer.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic support has a diameter within a range of 500 μm to 750 μm, the electrically conductive intervening layer has a thickness within a range of 20 μm to 50 μm, and the ferromagnetic material has a thickness within a range of 2 μm to 10 μm.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic support has a Young's modulus in excess of 17 psi.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic support has a Young's modulus greater than about 58 psi.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the metallic support comprises at least one of tungsten, titanium, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof.
15. The method of claim 1 , comprising:
electrically connecting a first end of the electrical conductor to a printed circuit board at a first position; and
electrically connecting a second end of the electrical conductor to the printed circuit board at a second position.
16. A method of treating tissue comprising:
selecting a thermal surgical tool comprising a conductor having a metallic support and an electrically conductive intervening layer on the metallic support, the thermal surgical tool further including a coating of a ferromagnetic material electroplated on the conductor, wherein the conductor is connectable to an electric power source independent of the ferromagnetic material;
disposing the ferromagnetic material adjacent to the tissue;
treating the tissue by directing oscillating electrical energy through the conductor to cause the ferromagnetic material to inductively heat;
wherein the electrically conductive intervening layer is disposed between the metallic support and the ferromagnetic material.
17. The method according to claim 2 , comprising:
electrically connecting the electric power source to the electrical conductor; and
supplying the oscillating electrical energy to the conductor.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein a majority of the oscillating electrical energy passes through the electrically conductive intervening layer.