IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,239,706
Granted Patent B2
US 12,239,706 · App. 17/678,840 · Granted Mar 4, 2025

Method and system for protecting monarch butterflies from pesticides

Inventor: Joseph E. Kovarik (Englewood, CO)
Assignee: Seed Health, Inc.
A61K39/35A61K9/0034A61K9/0043A61K9/007A61K35/74A61K35/741A61K35/742A61K35/745A61K35/747A61K39/0008A61K39/39A61K39/395A61K45/06C07K16/00A61K2039/505A61K2039/541A61K2039/544A61K2039/55A61K2039/55583A61K2039/577A61K2039/58A61K2039/70
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,239,706
App. No.
17/678,840
Granted
Mar 4, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A method and system for the treatment of Monarch butterflies ( Danaus plexippus Kluk (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to protect them from various life-threatening conditions, including the negative effects of various pesticides, provides Monarch butterflies with the ability to assimilate and degrade pesticides such as neonicotinoids and fipronil. Certain embodiments involve the inoculation of flowers by honey bees with desired bacteria that are able to degrade pesticides, such that when Monarch butterflies visit such flowers, they are exposed to such bacteria, transforming the microbiome of the Monarch butterflies so that pesticides can be degraded, thus enhancing the health of the Monarch butterflies.

Claims (20)

1. A method for providing a Monarch butterfly with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, inoculating a Monarch butterfly with a culture of pesticide degrading bacteria, wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria include genes whose expression by the pesticide degrading bacteria results in the degradation of the pesticide, said pesticide degrading bacteria being modified to include said genes using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) from prevotella and francisella 1 (Cpf1) nuclease, said pesticide degrading bacteria selected from the group consisting of L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum.

2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said genes express cytochrome P450 enzymes.

3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said genes comprise P450 genes of the CYP6 and CYP3 clade.

4. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said inoculating comprises spraying a Monarch butterfly with said pesticide degrading bacteria.

5. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said inoculating comprises providing the pesticide degrading bacteria in a sweetened solution.

6. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the pesticide comprises a neonicotinoid insecticide.

7. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising employing a different CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to ameliorate pathogens in the Monarch butterfly gut.

8. A method for providing a Monarch butterfly with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, inoculating a Monarch butterfly with a culture of pesticide degrading bacteria, wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria include genes whose expression by the pesticide degrading bacteria results in the degradation of the pesticide, said pesticide degrading bacteria selected from the group consisting of L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum.

9. The method as set forth in claim 8 , wherein said inoculating comprises one of providing the pesticide degrading bacteria in a sweetened solution, spraying a Monarch butterfly with said pesticide degrading bacteria, and having a honey bee inoculate a flower with the pesticide degrading bacteria.

10. The method as set forth in claim 8 , wherein said pesticide degrading bacteria is modified to include said genes using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) from prevotella and francisella 1 (Cpf1) nuclease, and wherein said genes express cytochrome P450 enzymes.

11. The method as set forth in claim 8 , further comprising employing CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to delete antibiotic resistance genes transferred to pathogenic bacteria in the Monarch butterfly gut.

12. The method as set forth in claim 8 , further comprising employing a CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to ameliorate pathogens in the Monarch butterfly gut.

13. A method for providing a Monarch butterfly with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, providing a Monarch butterfly with a culture of pesticide degrading bacteria, wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria include genes whose expression by the pesticide degrading bacteria results in the degradation of the pesticide, said pesticide degrading bacteria selected from the group consisting of L. rhamnosus, Commensalibacter intestine, Commensalibacter papalotli, Lactobacillus paracasei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactococcus lactis, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus thermophilus, Bacillus clausii; Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc citreum and Ochrobactrum intermedium.

14. The method as set forth in claim 13 , wherein said genes express cytochrome P450 enzymes.

15. The method as set forth in claim 13 , wherein said genes comprise P450 genes of one of the CYP6 and CYP3 clades.

16. The method as set forth in claim 13 , wherein said genes are selected from the group consisting of a CYP353D1v2 gene and a SCL3-10 nitrile hydratase beta subunit gene.

17. The method as set forth in claim 13 , further comprising employing CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to delete antibiotic resistance genes transferred to pathogenic bacteria in the Monarch butterfly gut.

18. The method as set forth in claim 13 , further comprising improving Monarch butterfly fitness by modifying the Monarch butterfly microbiome by using CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to select and modify microbial communities to positively affect Monarch butterfly fitness.

19. The method as set forth in claim 13 , wherein said pesticide degrading bacteria comprises L. rhamnosus.

20. The method as set forth in claim 13 , further comprising employing a CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to ameliorate pathogens in the Monarch butterfly gut.

Assignments (2)
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 21, 2026
From: SEED HEALTH, INC.
To: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS LENDER
Reel/Frame 076028/0339 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 12, 2022
From: KOVARIK, JOE
To: SEED HEALTH, INC.
Reel/Frame 059690/0210 →
Continuity (10)
Continuation In Part 17185618 · Feb 25, 2021
Continuation In Part 16892623 · Jun 4, 2020
Continuation In Part 16246652 · Jan 14, 2019
Continuation In Part 16139232 · Sep 24, 2018
Continuation In Part 15379579 · Dec 15, 2016
Continuation In Part 15270034 · Sep 20, 2016
Continuation 14954074 · Nov 30, 2015
Provisional Application 62278046 · Jan 13, 2016
Provisional Application 62277571 · Jan 12, 2016
Related Publication 20220175914A1 · Jun 9, 2022
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