Dual gate biologically sensitive field effect transistor
A biologically sensitive field effect transistor includes a substrate, a first control gate and a second control gate. The substrate has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side, a source region and a drain region. The first control gate is disposed on the first side of the substrate. The second control gate is disposed on the second side of the substrate. The second control gate includes a sensing film disposed on the second side of the substrate. A voltage biasing between the source region and the second control gate is smaller than a threshold voltage of the second control gate.
1. A method of threshold voltage mismatch calibration for a sensor array comprising sensors with two control gates, the method comprising:
producing a first signal through each sampling loop circuit coupled to a corresponding one of the sensors;
calculating, for each of the sensors, a mismatch between voltages of the two control gates based on the first signal;
correcting the mismatch of each of the sensors; and
producing a second signal through each cancel mismatch loop circuit coupled to the corresponding one of the sensors.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising switching between each of the sensors for producing the first signal, calculating the mismatch, correcting the mismatch, and producing the second signal for each of the sensors.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising storing, for each of the sensors, the mismatch in a storage unit coupled to the corresponding one of the sensors.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein producing the first signal comprises producing a voltage signal or a current signal through each sampling loop circuit.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining one of the two control gates of each of the sensors in an off-state during producing the first signal, calculating the mismatch, correcting the mismatch, and producing the second signal.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a fluidic gate of the two control gates of each of the sensors in an on-state during producing the first signal, calculating the mismatch, correcting the mismatch, and producing the second signal.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the mismatch comprises estimating the mismatch between threshold voltages of the two control gates based on the first signal.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the mismatch comprises calculating the mismatch between threshold voltages of the two control gates, wherein one of the two control gates is a fluidic gate.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the mismatch comprises calculating the mismatch between threshold voltages of the two control gates of a biologically sensitive field effect transistor (BioFET).
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the mismatch for each of the sensors is performed sequentially.
11. A method, comprising:
performing a calibration operation on a sensor comprising two control gates, the calibration operation comprising:
producing a first signal through a sampling circuit coupled to the sensor,
calculating a mismatch between voltages of the two control gates based on the first signal, and
correcting the mismatch; and
performing a sensing operation on the sensor, the sensing operation comprising:
producing a second signal through a cancel mismatch circuit coupled to the sensor; and
sensing biomolecules on one of the two control gates.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein calculating the mismatch comprises calculating the mismatch between threshold voltages of the two control gates, wherein one of the two control gates is a fluidic gate.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein performing the calibration operation on the sensor comprises performing the calibration operation on a biologically sensitive field effect transistor (BioFET).
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein sensing the biomolecules on one of the two control gates comprises sensing the biomolecules on a fluidic gate of a biologically sensitive field effect transistor (BioFET).
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein sensing the biomolecules on one of the two control gates comprises sensing the biomolecules on a dielectric layer overlying a channel region of a biologically sensitive field effect transistor (BioFET).
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein producing the first signal comprises producing a voltage signal or a current signal through the sampling circuit.
17. A method, comprising:
operating a biologically sensitive field effect transistor (BioFET) in a calibration mode, comprising:
calculating, using a sampling circuit, a difference between threshold voltages of a FET gate and a fluidic gate of the BioFET, and
storing the difference between the threshold voltages; and
operating the BioFET in a sensing mode, comprising:
maintaining the sampling circuit in an off-state;
sensing biomolecules deposited on the fluidic gate; and
generating sensing data based on the difference between the threshold voltages.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein sensing the biomolecules on the fluidic gate comprises sensing the biomolecules on a dielectric layer overlying a channel region of the BioFET.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising producing a voltage signal or a current signal through the sampling circuit coupled to the BioFET.
20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising correcting the difference between the threshold voltages.