IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,722,989
Granted Patent B2
US 12,722,989 · App. 18/137,630 · Granted Sep 1, 2026

Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery

Inventor: Richard Stover (Waltham, MA)
Assignee: Gradiant Corporation
C02F1/441B01D61/06C02F1/265B01D61/026B01D2317/022C02F2301/066C02F2303/10
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,722,989
App. No.
18/137,630
Granted
Sep 1, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Liquid solution concentration methods and related systems involving osmosis units and energy recovery are generally described. In some embodiments, an osmotic system has a pump, a first reverse osmosis unit, a second reverse osmosis unit, and one or more energy recovery devices. Various embodiments are directed to features such as balancing streams, recirculation streams, and/or valving that alone or in combination may afford improved energy efficiency and/or system performance. Some embodiments may improve performance of certain types of energy recovery devices in combination with osmosis units, such as isobaric or turbine energy recovery devices.

Claims (33)

1 . A method, comprising:

increasing a pressure of at least a portion of a feed stream comprising a solvent and a solute to form a pressurized feed stream;

transporting a first reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream to a retentate side of a first reverse osmosis unit such that:

a first reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream exits the retentate side of the first reverse osmosis unit, the first reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream having an osmotic pressure that is greater than an osmotic pressure of the first reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream, and

at least a portion of liquid from the first reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream is transported from the retentate side of the first reverse osmosis unit, through an osmotic membrane of the first reverse osmosis unit, to a permeate side of the first reverse osmosis unit;

transporting a second reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream to a retentate side of a second reverse osmosis unit such that:

a second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream exits the retentate side of the second reverse osmosis unit, the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream having an osmotic pressure that is greater than an osmotic pressure of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream, and

at least a portion of liquid from the second reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream is transported from the retentate side of the second reverse osmosis unit, through an osmotic membrane of the second reverse osmosis unit, to a permeate side of the second reverse osmosis unit where the portion of the liquid forms some or all of a second reverse osmosis unit permeate outlet stream that is transported out of the permeate side of the second reverse osmosis unit;

reducing a pressure of at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream to form a reduced-pressure concentrate stream; and

using at least a portion of energy recovered from the reducing of the pressure of the at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream to increase a pressure of an energy recovery stream to form a pressurized energy recovery stream;

wherein:

the first reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream comprises at least a portion of the pressurized feed stream, at least a portion of the pressurized energy recovery stream, and at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit permeate outlet stream;

the second reverse osmosis unit retentate inlet stream comprises at least a portion of the first reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream; and

the energy recovery stream comprises a balancing stream comprising at least a portion of the feed stream.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reverse osmosis unit comprises a plurality of osmotic membranes connected in parallel and/or the second reverse osmosis unit comprises a plurality of osmotic membranes connected in parallel.

3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the second reverse osmosis unit comprises a plurality of osmotic membranes connected in parallel.

4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reverse osmosis unit comprises a plurality of osmotic membranes connected in parallel and the second reverse osmosis unit comprises a plurality of osmotic membranes connected in parallel.

5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises transporting a second reverse osmosis unit permeate inlet stream to the permeate side of the second reverse osmosis unit, and wherein the portion of liquid transported from the retentate side of the second reverse osmosis unit, through the osmotic membrane of the second reverse osmosis unit, to the permeate side of the second reverse osmosis unit is combined with the second reverse osmosis unit permeate inlet stream at the permeate side of the second reverse osmosis unit to form the second reverse osmosis unit permeate outlet stream.

6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the second reverse osmosis unit permeate inlet stream comprises at least a portion of the reduced pressure concentrate stream.

7 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising discharging at least a portion of the reduced-pressure concentrate stream.

8 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a mass flow rate of the second reverse osmosis unit permeate outlet stream such that the energy recovery stream has a mass flow rate within 20% of a mass flow rate of the at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream.

9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising adjusting a mass flow rate of the balancing stream such that the energy recovery stream has a mass flow rate within 20% of a mass flow rate of the at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream.

10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a salinity of the pressurized energy recovery stream is within 20% of a salinity of the energy recovery stream.

11 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising increasing a pressure of the pressurized energy recovery stream with a pump.

12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a rejection rate of the osmotic membrane of the second reverse osmosis unit for the solute is less than or equal to 99%.

13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of using at least a portion of energy recovered from the reducing of the pressure of the at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream to increase a pressure of an energy recovery stream to form a pressurized energy recovery stream is performed using an energy recovery device.

14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the energy recovery device is an isobaric energy recovery device.

15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the energy recovery device is a turbine energy recovery device.

16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises water.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the solute comprises solubilized Na + and/or solubilized K + .

18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the solute comprises solubilized Cl − and/or solubilized Br − .

19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing a pressure of at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream to form a reduced-pressure concentrate stream comprises reducing the pressure of the at least portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream by at least 5%.

20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the using at least a portion of energy recovered from the reducing of the pressure of the at least a portion of the second reverse osmosis unit retentate outlet stream to increase a pressure of an energy recovery stream to form a pressurized energy recovery stream comprises increasing the pressure of an energy recovery stream by at least 5%.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jul 21, 2023
From: STOVER, RICHARD
To: GRADIANT CORPORATION
Reel/Frame 064338/0352 →
Continuity (7)
Continuation 17882701 · Aug 8, 2022
Continuation PCTUS2021059441 · Nov 16, 2021
Provisional Application 63114643 · Nov 17, 2020
Provisional Application 63114648 · Nov 17, 2020
Provisional Application 63114652 · Nov 17, 2020
Provisional Application 63114656 · Nov 17, 2020
Related Publication 20230257285A1 · Aug 17, 2023
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