Lateral silicon-on-insulator bipolar junction transistor radiation dosimeter
A radiation dosimeter includes a semiconductor substrate and a buried insulator layer disposed on the semiconductor substrate. The buried insulator layer has a plurality of charge traps. A semiconductor layer is disposed on the buried insulator layer. The semiconductor layer has an emitter, an intrinsic base, and a collector laterally arranged with respect to one another. In response to radiation exposure by the radiation dosimeter, positive charges are trapped in the plurality of charge traps in the buried insulator layer, the amount of positive charge trapped being used to determine the amount of radiation exposure. A method for radiation dosimetry includes providing a radiation dosimeter, where the radiation dosimeter includes a lateral silicon-on-insulator bipolar junction transistor having a buried insulator layer; exposing the radiation dosimeter to ionizing radiation; determining a change in one of the collector current and current gain of the radiation dosimeter; and determining an amount of the radiation dose based on the change in one of the collector current and current gain.
1. A radiation dosimeter comprising:
a semiconductor substrate;
a buried insulator layer disposed on said semiconductor substrate, said buried insulator layer comprising a plurality of charge traps; and
a semiconductor layer disposed on said buried insulator layer, said semiconductor layer having an emitter, an intrinsic base, and a collector laterally arranged with respect to one another, and an extrinsic base in electrical contact with said intrinsic base,
wherein, when said radiation dosimeter is exposed to radiation, positive charges are trapped in said plurality of charge traps in said buried insulator layer, the amount of positive charge trapped being used to determine the amount of radiation exposure.
2. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a back contact electrically connected to said semiconductor substrate, said back contact being configured to receive a back gate voltage, said back gate voltage providing a positive bias across said buried insulator layer to enhance the positive charge trapped in the charge traps in said buried insulator layer in response to radiation exposure by said radiation dosimeter.
3. The radiation dosimeter of claim 1 , wherein a number of charge traps per cm 3 of the buried insulator layer is between 1E17 to 1E18.
4. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a thickness of said semiconductor substrate is less than about 800 microns.
5. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said semiconductor substrate comprises one of silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs), gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC), lithium fluoride (LiF), and calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ).
6. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a thickness of said buried insulator layer is between about 50 and about 500 nm.
7. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a thickness of said buried insulator layer is 140 nm.
8. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said buried insulator layer comprises silicon oxide containing conductive particles serving as charge traps.
9. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said buried insulator layer comprises silicon-rich oxide.
10. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said buried insulator layer comprises one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) or silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
11. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thickness of said semiconductor layer is between about 20 and about 500 nm.
12. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the thickness of said semiconductor layer is 50 nm.
13. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein said semiconductor layer comprises one of silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium arsenide (InAs), gallium nitride (GaN), silicon carbide (SiC), lithium fluoride (LiF), calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ), semiconducting carbon nanotubes, and graphene.
14. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said intrinsic base of said semiconductor layer has a width greater than 15 nm.
15. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said intrinsic base of said semiconductor layer has fewer than 1E19 charge carriers per cm 3 .
16. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising spacer material around said extrinsic base.
17. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 16 , wherein said spacer material comprises one of silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) or silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
18. The radiation dosimeter as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional semiconductor layer disposed on said buried insulator layer, said additional semiconductor layer having an emitter, an intrinsic base, and a collector laterally arranged with respect to one another to form a second radiation dosimeter.