Method for making a semiconductor device having reduced contact resistance
A method for making a semiconductor device may include forming spaced apart source and drain regions in a semiconductor layer with a channel region extending therebetween. At least one of the source and drain regions may be divided into a lower region and an upper region by a dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower region. The method may further include forming a gate on the channel region, depositing at least one metal layer on the upper region, and applying heat to move upward non-semiconductor atoms from the non-semiconductor monolayers to react with the at least one metal layer to form a contact insulating interface between the upper region and adjacent portions of the at least one metal layer.
1. A method for making a semiconductor device comprising:
forming spaced apart source and drain regions in a semiconductor layer with a channel region extending therebetween, at least one of the source and drain regions being divided into a lower region and an upper region by a dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower region, the dopant diffusion blocking superlattice comprising a plurality of stacked groups of layers, each group of layers comprising a plurality of stacked base semiconductor monolayers defining a base semiconductor portion, and at least one non-semiconductor monolayer constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base semiconductor portions;
forming a gate on the channel region;
depositing at least one metal layer on the upper region; and
applying heat to move upward non-semiconductor atoms from the non-semiconductor monolayers to react with the at least one metal layer to form a contact insulating interface between the upper region and adjacent portions of the at least one metal layer.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the source and drain regions are divided into lower and upper regions by a respective dopant blocking superlattice.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising forming a body dopant diffusion blocking superlattice in the semiconductor layer extending between the source and drain regions and comprising a respective plurality of stacked groups of layers, each group of layers comprising a plurality of stacked base semiconductor monolayers defining a base semiconductor portion, and at least one non-semiconductor monolayer constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base semiconductor portions.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the upper region is level with an upper surface of the semiconductor layer.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the upper region is raised above an upper surface of the semiconductor layer.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the lower region comprises a different material than the upper region.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the lower region comprises silicon; and wherein the upper region comprises silicon germanium.
8. The method of claim 6 wherein the lower region comprises silicon germanium; and wherein the upper region comprises silicon.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one metal layer comprises a lower metal layer and an upper metal layer different than the lower metal layer.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one metal layer comprises at least one of titanium, cobalt, nickel and platinum.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the base semiconductor monolayers comprise silicon.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one non-semiconductor monolayer comprises oxygen.
13. A method for making a semiconductor device comprising:
forming spaced apart source and drain regions in a semiconductor layer with a channel region extending therebetween, the source region comprising a lower source region and an upper source region divided by a source dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper source region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower source region, and the drain region comprising a lower drain region and an upper drain region divided by a drain dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper drain region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower drain region, each of the source dopant diffusion blocking superlattice and drain dopant diffusion blocking superlattice comprising a respective plurality of stacked groups of layers, each group of layers comprising a plurality of stacked base semiconductor monolayers defining a base semiconductor portion, and at least one non-semiconductor monolayer constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base semiconductor portions, with the upper drain region and upper source region being level with an upper surface of the semiconductor layer;
forming a gate on the channel region;
depositing at least one metal layer on the source and drain contact regions to define respective source and drain contacts; and
applying heat to move upward non-semiconductor atoms from the non-semiconductor monolayers to react with the at least one metal layer to form respective source and drain contact insulating interfaces between the upper source and drain regions and adjacent portions of the at least one metal layer.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the base semiconductor monolayers comprise silicon.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the at least one non-semiconductor monolayer comprises oxygen.
16. A method for making a semiconductor device comprising:
forming spaced apart source and drain regions in a semiconductor layer with a channel region extending therebetween, the source region comprising a lower source region and an upper source region divided by a source dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper source region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower source region, and the drain region comprising a lower drain region and an upper drain region divided by a drain dopant diffusion blocking superlattice with the upper drain region having a same conductivity and higher dopant concentration than the lower drain region, each of the source dopant diffusion blocking superlattice and drain dopant diffusion blocking superlattice comprising a respective plurality of stacked groups of layers, each group of layers comprising a plurality of stacked base semiconductor monolayers defining a base semiconductor portion, and at least one non-semiconductor monolayer constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base semiconductor portions;
the upper drain region and upper source region being raised above an upper surface of the semiconductor layer;
forming a gate on the channel region;
depositing at least one metal layer on the source and drain contact regions to define respective source and drain contacts; and
applying heat to move upward non-semiconductor atoms from the non-semiconductor monolayers to react with the at least one metal layer to form respective source and drain contact insulating interfaces between the upper source and drain regions and adjacent portions of the at least one metal layer.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the lower drain region comprises a different material than the upper drain region; and the lower source region comprises a different material than the upper source region.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the lower source and drain regions comprise silicon; and wherein the upper source and drain regions comprise silicon germanium.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the lower source and drain regions comprise silicon germanium; and wherein the upper source and drain regions comprise silicon.
20. The method of claim 16 wherein the at least one metal layer comprises a lower metal layer and an upper metal layer different than the lower metal layer.
21. The method of claim 16 wherein the at least one metal layer comprises at least one of titanium, cobalt, nickel and platinum.