End of battery state of charge (SOC) vehicle system operation
The present disclosure provides a multi-stage method to extend the range of a vehicle. The method includes taking progressive actions on a vehicle as the state of charge (SOC) drops below defined levels. The method may include monitoring the SOC of the vehicle in relation to a SOC threshold or monitoring the SOC of the vehicle in relation to the distance remaining to a predetermined destination.
1. A method for notifying a driver of a state of charge (“SOC”) of an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle comprising:
monitoring a current SOC of the electrical energy storage device with a processor during operation of the vehicle, including when a SOC conservation system is activated and deactivated, the SOC conservation system being configured to implement a plurality of SOC conservation steps that includes first and second sets of SOC conservation steps;
retrieving a first predetermined SOC threshold and a second predetermined SOC threshold from a memory;
comparing, with the processor, the current SOC with the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold, the first predetermined SOC threshold being greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold;
operating the vehicle without the plurality of SOC conservation steps while the SOC is greater than the first SOC threshold and the second SOC threshold;
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold by activating the SOC conservation system with the processor, the SOC conservation system activating the first set of SOC conservation steps including derating a maximum traction motor power such that an operator of the vehicle is able to complete a mission knowing that battery SOC is getting low; and
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold by causing the SOC conservation system to activate the second set of SOC conservation steps including further derating the maximum traction motor power so as to have the second set of SOC conservation steps be more intrusive than the first set of SOC conservation steps such that successive sets of SOC conservation steps in the plurality of SOC conservation steps increase in severity with decreasing SOC of the electrical energy storage device regardless of a distance of the electrical energy storage device from a destination.
2. The method of claim 1 , further including:
comparing the current SOC with a third predetermined SOC threshold, the second predetermined SOC threshold being greater than the third predetermined SOC threshold; and
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold, the second predetermined SOC threshold and the third predetermined SOC threshold by causing the SOC conservation system to activate a third set of SOC conservation steps.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the third set of SOC conservation steps includes at least one of:
activating a solid indicator light,
providing a verbal indication to the driver of the vehicle
shutting down a high voltage system of the vehicle, and
activating an internal combustion engine of the vehicle.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the SOC conservation system is deactivated when the current SOC is greater than the first predetermined SOC threshold.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vehicle is a battery electric vehicle or a range extended electric vehicle.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of monitoring the current SOC of the electrical energy storage device with the processor includes measuring the current SOC of the electrical energy storage device periodically at predetermined time intervals.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein each conservation step of the first set of SOC conservation steps occurs simultaneously.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein each conservation step of the first set of SOC conservation steps occurs in a predetermined, prioritized order.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of SOC conservation steps includes derating the maximum traction motor power by about 30 percent, and wherein the second set of SOC conservation steps includes derating the maximum traction motor power by about 50 percent.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first set of SOC conservation steps further includes at least one of:
flashing an indicator light at a first rate,
limiting a speed of the vehicle to a first vehicle speed,
reducing a SOC power limit,
managing vehicle acceleration,
disabling an air-conditioning compressor,
decreasing a cooling rate,
modifying a shift schedule, and
reducing a rate of maximum allowable DC-DC converter power, and
wherein the second set of SOC conservation steps further includes at least one of:
flashing the indicator light at a second rate that is greater than the first rate,
limiting the speed of vehicle speed to a second speed that is less than the first vehicle speed,
reducing the SOC power limit,
disabling cooling loops thereby deactivating cooling, and
activating vehicle warning flashers.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method constitutes an end of battery SOC vehicle system operation to facilitate the vehicle completing the mission.
12. A method for notifying a driver of a state of charge (“SOC”) of an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle comprising:
monitoring a current SOC of the electrical energy storage device with a processor during operation of the vehicle, including when a SOC conservation system is activated and deactivated, the SOC conservation system being configured to implement a plurality of SOC conservation steps;
retrieving a first predetermined SOC threshold, a second predetermined SOC threshold, and a third predetermined SOC threshold from a memory;
comparing, with the processor, the current SOC with the first predetermined SOC threshold, the second predetermined SOC threshold, and the third predetermined SOC threshold, the first predetermined SOC threshold being greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold and the third predetermined SOC threshold, and the second predetermined SOC threshold being greater than the third predetermined SOC threshold;
operating the vehicle without the plurality of SOC conservation steps while the SOC is above the first and second SOC thresholds;
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold by activating the SOC conservation system with the processor, the SOC conservation system activating a first set of SOC conservation steps that conserve a first amount of energy by derating a maximum traction motor power such that an operator of the vehicle is able to complete a mission knowing that battery SOC is getting low; and
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold by causing the SOC conservation system to activate a second set of SOC conservation steps that conserve a second amount of energy that is greater than the first amount of energy by further derating the maximum traction motor power so as to have the second set of SOC conservation steps be more intrusive than the first set of SOC conservation steps such that successive sets of SOC conservation steps in the plurality of SOC conservation steps increase in severity with decreasing SOC of the electrical energy storage device regardless of a distance of the electrical energy storage device from a destination.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the first predetermined SOC threshold is a SOC value that is in the range of 10-20% of full capacity of the electrical energy storage device.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the second predetermined SOC threshold includes a predetermined hysteresis value.
15. A control system for a vehicle, the controller having an end of battery SOC vehicle system operation for notifying a driver of a state of charge (“SOC”) of an electrical energy storage device of a vehicle comprising:
monitoring a current SOC of the electrical energy storage device with a processor during operation of the vehicle, including when a SOC conservation system is activated and deactivated, the SOC conservation system being configured to implement a plurality of SOC conservation steps that includes first and second sets of SOC conservation steps;
retrieving a first predetermined SOC threshold and a second predetermined SOC threshold from a memory;
comparing, with the processor, the current SOC with the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold, the first predetermined SOC threshold being greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold;
operating the vehicle without the plurality of SOC conservation steps while the SOC is greater than the first SOC threshold and the second SOC threshold;
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and greater than the second predetermined SOC threshold by activating the SOC conservation system with the processor; and
responding to the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold by causing the SOC conservation system to activate the second set of SOC conservation steps in a manner,
wherein the second set of SOC conservation steps is more intrusive than the first set of SOC conservation steps to have successive sets of SOC conservation steps in the plurality of SOC conservation steps increase in severity with decreasing SOC of the electrical energy storage device regardless of a distance of the electrical energy storage device from a destination until an end of SOC of the electrical energy storage device to facilitate the vehicle completing a mission while the current SOC being less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold.
16. The control system of claim 15 , wherein the first set of SOC conservation steps includes derating a maximum traction motor power such that an operator of the vehicle is able to complete a mission knowing that battery SOC is getting low and the second set of SOC conservation steps including further derating the maximum traction motor power.
17. The control system of claim 15 , wherein the vehicle is a range extended electric vehicle or a battery electric vehicle, and wherein an operational mode of the vehicle does not change when the current SOC is less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold.
18. The control system of claim 15 , wherein based on the comparison of the SOC of the electrical energy storage device with the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold, the control system toggles an operational state of the SOC conservation system between an active state and an inactive state.
19. The control system of claim 18 , wherein the control system deactivates the SOC conservation system by toggling an activation switch into the inactive state when the current SOC is less than the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold.
20. The control system of claim 15 , wherein the hysteresis addition is a predetermined value.
21. The control system of claim 15 , wherein the control system implements a hysteresis addition when comparing the current SOC to the first predetermined SOC threshold and the second predetermined SOC threshold.