Systems and methods for suppressing sound leakage
A speaker comprises a housing, a transducer residing inside the housing, and at least one sound guiding hole located on the housing. The transducer generates vibrations. The vibrations produce a sound wave inside the housing and cause a leaked sound wave spreading outside the housing from a portion of the housing. The at least one sound guiding hole guides the sound wave inside the housing through the at least one sound guiding hole to an outside of the housing. The guided sound wave interferes with the leaked sound wave in a target region. The interference at a specific frequency relates to a distance between the at least one sound guiding hole and the portion of the housing.
1. An earphone, comprising:
a holding component including a housing;
a transducer residing inside the housing and configured to generate vibrations, the vibrations producing a sound wave inside the housing;
at least two sound guiding holes located on the housing and configured to guide the sound wave inside the housing through the at least two sound guiding holes to an outside of the housing, the guided sound wave including at least two guided sound waves having different phases, the at least two guided sound waves interfering in a target region, and the interference reducing a sound pressure level of a leaked sound wave in the target region; and
a hook-shaped component configured to hang between a rear side of an ear of a user and a head of the user; and
a connecting component configured to connect the hook-shaped component and the holding component and extend from the head along a coronal axis of the user towards an outside of the head to cooperate with the hook-shaped component to provide the holding component with a pressing force on the front side of the ear.
2. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein the sound pressure level of the leaked sound wave within a target frequency range is reduced by 10 dB on average or more than 10 dB on average.
3. The earphone of claim 2 , wherein the target frequency range is within a range of 1500 Hz to 3000 Hz.
4. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein in a direction from a first connection point between the hook-shaped component and the connecting component to a free end of the hook-shaped component,
the hook-shaped component is bent toward the rear side of the ear to form a first contact point with the rear side of the ear, and
the holding component forms a second contact point with the front side of the ear, wherein a distance between the first contact point and the second contact point along an extending direction of the connecting component in a natural state is smaller than that in a wearing state to provide the holding component with the pressing force on the front side of the ear.
5. The earphone of claim 4 , wherein the hook-shaped component further forms a third contact point with the rear side of the ear, the third contact point being located between the first connection point and the first contact point and being closer to the first connection point, wherein
a distance between projections of the first contact point and the third contact point on a reference plane perpendicular to the extending direction of the connecting component in the natural state is smaller than that in the wearing state.
6. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein in a direction from a first connection point between the hook-shaped component and the connecting component to a free end of the hook-shaped component, the hook-shaped component is bent toward the head to form a first contact point and a second contact point with the head, wherein
the first contact point is located between the second contact point and the first connection point, so that the hook-shaped component forms a lever structure with the first contact point as a fulcrum; and
a force directed to the outside of the head and provided by the head at the second contact point causes a force directed to the head at the first connection point by the lever structure to provide the holding component with the pressing force on the front side of the ear through the connecting component.
7. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein the holding component extends and is held in a concha boat of the ear.
8. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein an elastic metal wire is arranged inside the hook-shaped component, the elastic metal wire has a major axis direction and a minor axis direction orthogonal to each other on a cross section of the elastic metal wire, and a size of the elastic metal wire in the major axis direction is greater than a size of the elastic metal wire in the minor axis direction, so that the hook-shaped component and the holding component cooperate to form an elastic clamping for the ear.
9. The earphone of claim 8 , wherein a ratio of the size of the elastic metal wire in the major axis direction to the size of the elastic metal wire in the minor axis direction is between 4:1 and 6:1.
10. The earphone of claim 8 , wherein the elastic metal wire is in a shape of an arc in the minor axis direction, and a ratio of a height of the arc to the size of the elastic metal wire in the major axis direction is within a range of 0.1-0.4.
11. The earphone of claim 1 , further including an extending component, wherein
the extending component is arranged on the holding component, and extends into any one of a concha cavity, a concha boat, a triangular fossa, and a scapha of the ear in the wearing state; and/or
the extending component is arranged on the hook-shaped component, and hooks a helix and/or an antihelix of the ear in the wearing state.
12. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein the holding component has a thickness direction, a length direction, and a height direction orthogonal to each other, the thickness direction is configured as a direction in which the holding component is close to or away from the ear in the wearing state, and the height direction is configured as a direction in which the holding component is close to or away from a top of the user's head in the wearing state, wherein
in the natural state, and viewed from a side of the earphone facing the top of the user's head in the wearing state, the holding component is at least spaced apart from a section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component in the thickness direction; and
the connecting component is arranged in a shape of an arc and connected between the holding component and the hook-shaped component.
13. The earphone of claim 12 , wherein in the thickness direction, a minimum distance between the section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component and the holding component is greater than 0 and smaller than or equal to 5 mm.
14. The earphone of claim 12 , wherein
edges of the section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component, the connecting component, and the holding component facing the ear are arranged in a shape of a circuitous arc; and
in a reference direction that passes through a roundabout inflection point of the circuitous arc and is parallel to the length direction, a minimum width of the circuitous arc along the thickness direction at a position 3 mm away from the roundabout inflection point is in a range of 1 mm to 5 mm.
15. The earphone of claim 12 , wherein the at least two sound guiding holes include a sound guiding hole disposed on a side of the holding component facing the ear, and a distance between a center of the sound guiding hole and the section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component in the thickness direction is in a range of 3 mm to 6 mm.
16. The earphone of claim 12 , wherein a side of the holding component facing the ear includes a first region and a second region, wherein
the at least two sound guiding holes include a sound guiding hole disposed in the first region; and
the second region is farther away from the connecting component than the first region and is more protruding toward the ear than the first region, so as to allow the sound guiding hole to be spaced from the ear in the wearing state.
17. The earphone of claim 16 , wherein a distance between the second region and the section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component in the thickness direction is in a range of 1 mm to 5 mm.
18. The earphone of claim 17 , wherein an orthographic projection of the section of the hook-shaped component close to the connecting component in the thickness direction partially overlaps the second region.
19. The earphone of claim 16 , wherein a maximum protrusion height of the second region relative to the first region in the thickness direction is greater than or equal to 1 mm ear.
20. The earphone of claim 1 , wherein the holding component is in contact with an antihelix of the ear.