Integrated circuit device
An integrated circuit device may include a transistor on a substrate, and a capacitor structure electrically connected to the transistor. The capacitor structure may include a first electrode, a dielectric layer structure on the first electrode, and a second electrode on the dielectric layer structure. The dielectric layer structure may include a plurality of first dielectric layers and a plurality of second dielectric layers which are alternately stacked. Each of the plurality of first dielectric layers may include an anti-ferroelectric material, and each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes Hf 1-x Zr x O 2 in which 0<x<0.5, as a ferroelectric material. An x value may gradually change in a stack direction inside each of plurality of second dielectric layers.
1 . An integrated circuit device comprising:
a transistor on a substrate; and
a capacitor structure electrically connected to the transistor, wherein the capacitor structure includes:
a first electrode;
a dielectric layer structure on the first electrode; and
a second electrode on the dielectric layer structure,
wherein the dielectric layer structure includes a plurality of first dielectric layers and a plurality of second dielectric layers which are alternately stacked,
wherein each of the plurality of first dielectric layers includes an anti-ferroelectric material, and
wherein each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes Hf 1-x Zr x O 2 in which 0<x<0.5, as a ferroelectric material, wherein an x value gradually changes in a stack direction inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
2 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
each of the plurality of first dielectric layers has a first polarization direction according to a T-phase of a tetragonal crystal structure, and
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers has a second polarization direction between an O-phase of an orthorhombic crystal structure and the T-phase of the tetragonal crystal structure.
3 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the second polarization direction gradually changes according to the change in the x value, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
4 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a first surface proximate to the first electrode and a second surface proximate to the second electrode, and
the x value is largest on the first surface and smallest on the second surface, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
5 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a first surface proximate to the first electrode and a second surface proximate to the second electrode, and
the x value is smallest on the first surface and largest on the second surface, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
6 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
each of the plurality of first dielectric layers includes a single metal oxide layer, and
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a binary metal oxide layer.
7 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein:
each of the plurality of first dielectric layers includes ZrO 2 , and
Hf 0.9 Zr 0.1 O 2 , Hf 0.8 Zr 0.2 O 2 , Hf 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 , and Hf 0.6 Zr 0.4 O 2 are sequentially inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
8 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
each of the plurality of first dielectric layers has a first thickness in a vertical direction to an upper surface of the first electrode, the first thickness being about 5 Å to about 20 Å,
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers has a second thickness in the vertical direction, the second thickness being about 5 Å to about 20 Å, and
the dielectric layer structure has a third thickness in the vertical direction, the third thickness being about 15 Å to about 60 Å.
9 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein a free energy-polarization curve of the dielectric layer structure has a minimum value of free energy at a point where a polarization is zero, the minimum value being greater than or equal to zero.
10 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
a lowermost layer and an uppermost layer of the dielectric layer structure are both included in the plurality of first dielectric layers,
the lowermost layer is in direct contact with the first electrode, and
the uppermost layer is in direct contact with the second electrode.
11 . An integrated circuit device comprising:
a transistor on a substrate; and
a capacitor structure electrically connected to the transistor, wherein the capacitor structure includes:
a first electrode;
a dielectric layer structure on the first electrode; and
a second electrode on the dielectric layer structure,
wherein the dielectric layer structure includes a plurality of first dielectric layers and a plurality of second dielectric layers which are alternately stacked,
wherein each of the plurality of first dielectric layers includes an anti-ferroelectric material containing a metal A and oxygen, and
wherein each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a ferroelectric material containing the metal A, a metal B, and oxygen, and includes A x B 1-x O 2 in which 0<x<0.5, wherein an x value gradually changes in a stack direction inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
12 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
the metal A includes zirconium (Zr) in each of the plurality of first dielectric layers and each of the plurality of second dielectric layers, and
the metal B includes hafnium (Hf) in each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
13 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 12 , wherein:
each of the plurality of first dielectric layers includes ZrO 2 , and
Hf 0.9 Zr 0.1 O 2 , Hf 0.8 Zr 0.2 O 2 , Hf 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 , and Hf 0.6 Zr 0.4 O 2 are sequentially arranged, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
14 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a first surface proximate to the first electrode and a second surface proximate to the second electrode, and
the x value is largest on the first surface and smallest on the second surface, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
15 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein:
each of the plurality of second dielectric layers includes a first surface proximate to the first electrode and a second surface proximate to the second electrode, and
the x value is smallest on the first surface and largest on the second surface, inside each of the plurality of second dielectric layers.
16 . An integrated circuit device comprising:
a word line in a word line trench extending in a first direction inside a substrate;
a contact structure on one side of the word line on the substrate; and
a capacitor structure on the contact structure and electrically connected to the contact structure, wherein the capacitor structure includes:
a first electrode on the contact structure;
a dielectric layer structure covering the first electrode; and
a second electrode on the dielectric layer structure,
wherein the dielectric layer structure includes a plurality of anti-ferroelectric material layers and a plurality of ferroelectric material layers which are alternately stacked, and
wherein each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers includes Hf 1-x Zr x O 2 in which 0<x<0.5, wherein an x value increases by a unit of 0.1 in a stack direction inside each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers.
17 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein:
each of the plurality of anti-ferroelectric material layers has a polarization direction according to a T-phase of a tetragonal crystal structure, and
each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers has a polarization direction between a polarization direction according to an O-phase of an orthorhombic crystal structure and the polarization direction according to the T-phase of the tetragonal crystal structure, and
the polarization direction gradually changes according to a change in the x value, inside each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers.
18 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein:
each of the plurality of anti-ferroelectric material layers has a first thickness in a vertical direction to an upper surface of the first electrode, the first thickness being about 5 Å to about 20 Å,
each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers has a second thickness in the vertical direction, the second thickness being about 5 Å to about 20 Å, and
the dielectric layer structure has a third thickness in the vertical direction, the third thickness being about 15 Å to about 60 Å.
19 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein each of the plurality of anti-ferroelectric material layers includes at least one of ZrO 2 , PbZrO 3 , PbTiO 3 , and AgNbO 3 .
20 . The integrated circuit device as claimed in claim 16 , wherein Hf 0.9 Zr 0.1 O 2 , Hf 0.8 Zr 0.2 O 2 , Hf 0.7 Zr 0.3 O 2 , and Hf 0.6 Zr 0.4 O 2 are sequentially arranged inside each of the plurality of ferroelectric material layers.