IP Library Granted Patent US 12,257,272
Granted Patent B2
US 12,257,272 · App. 17/694,775 · Granted Mar 25, 2025

Method and system for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual

Inventor: Joseph E. Kovarik (Englewood, CO)
Assignee: Seed Health, Inc.
A61K35/74A61K31/58A61K31/715A61K38/1709A61K38/1758A61K2035/11
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,257,272
App. No.
17/694,775
Granted
Mar 25, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A method for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual involves providing in the gut of an individual a population of beneficial bacteria selected from the group consisting of bacterial species able to make small chain fatty acids, and preferably butyrate, and administering fiber to the individual to maintain a therapeutically effective amount of the beneficial bacteria in the gut of the individual. The individual's gut microbiome is modified to reduce the number of undesired bacteria and to increase the number of beneficial bacteria. Bacteria are preferably modified to remove one or more virulence facts or alternatively to produce increased amounts of SCFA's, such as butyrate. Beneficial bacteria may be encapsulated in a frangible enclosure to ensure they arrive in an individual's body while still viable, e.g. such as being first released in the lower gut rather than being exposed to the harsh conditions of an individual's stomach. In other embodiments, a therapeutically effective amount of a bacterial formulation comprising Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is administered. Other embodiments include the administration of a bacterial formulation comprising at least one of Coprococcus, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and L. casei to treat depression.

Claims (18)

1. A method for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual human being, comprising:

providing in the gut of the individual human being bacteria from a population of beneficial bacteria selected from the group consisting of Coprococcus, Roseburia , and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii;

administering fiber to the individual to maintain a therapeutically effective amount of the beneficial bacteria in the gut of the individual; and

reducing bacteria in the gut of the individual selected from the group consisting of Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus , and Leuconostoc bacteria.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said beneficial bacteria further comprises Akkermansia.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said beneficial bacteria are first isolated from a human being's stool.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the population of beneficial bacteria produce a level of butyrate sufficient to inhibit biofilm formation of pathogens.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of reducing the number of bacteria comprises administering an antibiotic.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of reducing bacteria comprise using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or a CRISPR from Prevotella and Francisella 1 (Cpf1) system.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the population of beneficial bacteria produce a level of butyrate sufficient to reduce gut inflammation.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beneficial bacteria are encapsulated.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beneficial bacteria are from the individual being treated.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said beneficial bacteria are first isolated from a human being's stool.

11. A method for reducing the likelihood of depression in an individual human being, said method comprising: reducing the human being's resident populations of gut microbes prior to administering a therapeutically effective amount of a bacterial formulation comprising Coprococcus ; and providing fructan fiber inulin in an amount sufficient to reduce the pH in the colon of the human being to achieve acidifying of the colon, wherein the bacterial formulation is encapsulated.

12. The method as set forth in claim 11 , wherein said step of reducing the human being's resident populations of gut microbes employs a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or a CRISPR from Prevotella and Francisella 1 (Cpf1) system.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the human being's resident populations of gut microbes comprise a population of bacteria selected from the group consisting of Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus , and Leuconostoc bacteria.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the bacterial formulation produces a level of butyrate sufficient to inhibit biofilm formation of pathogens and to reduce gut inflammation.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein said step of reducing the human being's resident populations of gut microbes comprises reducing the number of bacteria selected from the group consisting of Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus , and Leuconostoc bacteria.

Assignments (3)
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 21, 2026
From: SEED HEALTH, INC.
To: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A., AS LENDER
Reel/Frame 076028/0339 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Jul 14, 2022
From: KOVARIK, JOSEPH E.
To: SEED HEALTH, INC.
Reel/Frame 060655/0698 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 12, 2022
From: KOVARIK, JOE
To: SEED HEALTH, INC.
Reel/Frame 059690/0210 →
Continuity (25)
Continuation In Part 17023736 · Sep 17, 2020
Continuation In Part 17011175 · Sep 3, 2020
Continuation In Part 16722117 · Dec 20, 2019
Continuation In Part 16229252 · Dec 21, 2018
Continuation In Part 15392173 · Dec 28, 2016
Continuation In Part 17567295 · Jan 3, 2022
Continuation In Part 17337600 · Jun 3, 2021
Continuation In Part 17027953 · Sep 22, 2020
Continuation In Part 16917096 · Jun 30, 2020
Continuation In Part 16782364 · Feb 5, 2020
Continuation In Part 16423375 · May 28, 2019
Continuation 16160336 · Oct 15, 2018
Continuation 15403823 · Jan 11, 2017
Continuation In Part 16904056 · Jun 17, 2020
Continuation In Part 15983250 · May 18, 2018
Continuation In Part 15384716 · Dec 20, 2016
Continuation In Part 17543992 · Dec 7, 2021
Continuation In Part 16804361 · Feb 28, 2020
Continuation In Part 16020433 · Jun 27, 2018
Continuation In Part 15342642 · Nov 3, 2016
Provisional Application 62275341 · Jan 6, 2016
Provisional Application 62296186 · Feb 17, 2016
Provisional Application 62387405 · Dec 24, 2015
Related Publication 20220193150A1 · Jun 23, 2022
Related Publication 20230172995A9 · Jun 8, 2023
References Cited (400)
US 1492600A · Laskey · 1924 [cited by applicant]
US 3178341A · Hamill et al. · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3640741A · Etes · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3832460A · Kosti · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3996934A · Zaffaroni · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4136145A · Fuchs et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4136162A · Fuchs et al. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4163777A · Mitra · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4226848A · Nagai et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4250163A · Nagai et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4285934A · Tinnell · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4286592A · Chandrasekaran · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4292299A · Suzuki et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4381296A · Tinnell · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4517173A · Kizawa et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4518721A · Dhabhar et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4568639A · Lew · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4572832A · Kigasawa et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4668232A · Cordes et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4687841A · Spilburg et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4713243A · Schiraldi et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4715369A · Susuki et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4720486A · Spilburg et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4740365A · Yukimatsu et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4765983A · Takayanagi et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4830008A · Meer · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4849246A · Schmidt · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4867970A · Newsham et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4889720A · Konishi · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4894232A · Reul et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4900554A · Yanagibashi et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4906463A · Cleary et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4915948A · Gallopo et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4937078A · Mezei et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4995555A · Woodruff · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5002970A · Eby, III · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5059189A · Cilento et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5064654A · Berner et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5081157A · Pomerantz · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5081158A · Pomerantz · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5116621A · Oji et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5137729A · Kuroya et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5158789A · DuRoss · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5166233A · Kuroya et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5190053A · Meer · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5192802A · Rencher · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5196202A · Konishi · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5277877A · Jeffrey et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5284161A · Karell · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5298258A · Akemi et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5314915A · Rencher · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5332576A · Mantelle · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5462749A · Rencher · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5465734A · Alvarez et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5466465A · Royds et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5505956A · Kim et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5518733A · Lamothe et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5578315A · Chien et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5585098A · Coleman · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5614501A · Richards · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5629003A · Horstmann et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5643603A · Bottenberg et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5700478A · Biegajski et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5713852A · Anthony et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5718702A · Edwards · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5719196A · Uhari · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5792067A · Karell · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5800832A · Tapolsky et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5804211A · Robertson et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5843021A · Edwards et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5855872A · Libin · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5876995A · Bryan · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5895804A · Lee et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5900245A · Sawhney et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5948430A · Zerbe et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5988171A · Sohn et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6054143A · Jones · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6072100A · Mooney et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6139861A · Friedman · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6161541A · Woodson · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6174546B1 · Therriault et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6210699B1 · Acharya · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6250307B1 · Conrad et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6284235B1 · Foreman et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6287610B1 · Bowling et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6352711B1 · Campbell · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6375963B1 · Repka et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6390096B1 · Conrad et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6431174B1 · Knudson et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6432986B2 · Levin · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6439238B1 · Brenzel et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6453905B1 · Conrad et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6458380B1 · Leaderman · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6458777B1 · Sonis et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6467485B1 · Schmidt · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6502574B2 · Stevens et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6509028B2 · Williams et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6523542B2 · Knudson et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6552024B1 · Chen et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6555125B2 · Campbell · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6569474B2 · Clayton et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6578580B2 · Conrad et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6585997B2 · Moro et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6599883B1 · Romeo · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6620846B1 · Jonn et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6713463B2 · Sonis et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6722577B2 · Dobyns, III · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6726920B1 · Theeuwes et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6734157B2 · Radwanski et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6748951B1 · Schmidt · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6794318B2 · Anderson et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6803420B2 · Cleary et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6916480B2 · Anderson et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6919373B1 · Lam et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6923981B2 · Leung et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7001609B1 · Matson et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7067116B1 · Bess et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7087249B2 · Burrell · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7097853B1 · Garbe et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7122198B1 · Singh et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7138135B2 · Chen et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7143709B2 · Brennan et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7146981B2 · Knudson et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7267975B2 · Strobel et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7276246B2 · Zhang · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7287646B2 · Gierskcky · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7306812B2 · Zhang · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7332230B1 · Krumme · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7353194B1 · Kerker et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7357891B2 · Yang et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7425292B2 · Yang et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7441559B2 · Nelson et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7470397B2 · Meathrel et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7500484B2 · Nelson et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7540432B2 · Majerowski et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7566310B2 · Badr et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7575739B2 · Tamarkin et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7579019B2 · Tapolsky et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7579078B2 · Hartmann et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7615235B2 · Rademacher et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7632525B2 · Dodds et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7645803B2 · Tamarkin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7648712B2 · Bess et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7650848B2 · Brennan et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7666502B2 · Magill et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7669603B2 · Knudson et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7686021B2 · Knudson et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7704518B2 · Tamarkin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7727466B2 · Meathrel et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7799337B2 · Levin · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7820145B2 · Tamarkin et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7820420B2 · Whitlock · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7824588B2 · Yang et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7824704B2 · Anderson et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7845356B2 · Paraschac et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7862808B2 · Isolauri et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7901925B2 · Bojrab · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7906140B2 · Bromley et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7937159B2 · Lima et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7984714B2 · Hausmann et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7992566B2 · Pflueger et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 7997266B2 · Frazier et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8030457B2 · Jackson et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8034601B2 · Boileau et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8034606B2 · Park et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8104478B2 · Pflueger et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8110215B2 · Koenig et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8197872B2 · Mills et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8349313B2 · Smith et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8357368B2 · Dudek et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8362206B2 · Wallach et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8383201B2 · Berry et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8420074B2 · Rehberger et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8454729B2 · Mittelmark et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8481299B2 · Gueniche · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8496914B2 · Bonfiglio · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8584685B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8585588B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8591412B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8657879B2 · Shalon et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8685389B2 · Baur · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8701671B2 · Kovarik · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8716327B2 · Zhao · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8757173B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8758764B2 · Masignani et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8815538B2 · Lanzalaco et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8829165B2 · Jackson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8859741B2 · Jackson et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8865211B2 · Tzannis · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 8936030B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8945839B2 · Zhang · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8951775B2 · Castiel · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 8999372B2 · Davidson · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9010340B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9011834B1 · McKenzie et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9016221B2 · Brennan et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9017718B2 · Tan · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9028841B2 · Henn et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9044420B2 · Dubensky, Jr. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9045547B2 · Jackson et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9056912B2 · Grandi et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9095704B2 · McGuire et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9131884B2 · Holmes · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9149429B2 · Kovacs et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9234204B2 · Qvit-Raz et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9254295B2 · Adams et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9288981B2 · Gandhi et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9295682B2 · Nunes et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9314489B2 · Kelly et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9408880B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9457077B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9549842B2 · Kovarik · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9585920B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9730967B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9750802B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9795641B2 · Nardelli et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9987224B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10085938B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10086018B2 · Kovarik · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10111913B2 · Kovarik · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10195273B2 · Clube · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10245288B2 · Kovarik · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10314865B2 · Kovarik · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10314866B2 · Kovarik · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10512661B2 · Kovarik · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10548761B2 · Kovarik · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10555976B2 · Kovarik · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10668014B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10683323B2 · Krakash et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10687975B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10716815B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10730827B2 · Wortmann et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10760075B2 · Sommer et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10835560B2 · Kovarik · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10842834B2 · Kovarik · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10864109B2 · Kovarik · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10940169B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11026982B2 · Kovarik · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11083760B2 · Han · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11213552B2 · Kovarik · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11273187B2 · Kovarik · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11357722B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11523934B2 · Kovarik et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11529379B2 · Kovarik · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11642382B2 · Kovarik · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11833177B2 · Simmons et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11839632B2 · Tye et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11844720B2 · Tye et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11951140B2 · Kovarik · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11969445B2 · Kovarik · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11980643B2 · Simmons et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11998479B2 · Simmons et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 11998574B2 · Simmons et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 12005085B2 · Simmons et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
US 20020009429A1 · Bostwick · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020009520A1 · Clayton et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020022057A1 · Battey et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020037310A1 · Jonn et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020044988A1 · Fuchs et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030031737A1 · Rosenbloom · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030062050A1 · Schmidt · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030083287A1 · Burgess et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030104041A1 · Hsu et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030106243A1 · Tucker · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030124178A1 · Haley · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030140930A1 · Knudson et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030149387A1 · Barakat et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030149445A1 · Knudson et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030206995A1 · Bowling et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040053352A1 · Ouyang et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040057962A1 · Timmerman · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040062757A1 · Finegold · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040096569A1 · Barkalow et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040110111A1 · Wasylucha · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040115223A1 · Follansbee · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040120991A1 · Schobel · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040136923A1 · Davidson et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040142463A1 · Walker et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040166501A1 · Azimzai et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040170617A1 · Finegold · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040180080A1 · Furasawa et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040224007A1 · Zhang · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040228804A1 · Jones et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050004417A1 · Nelson et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050159637A9 · Nelson et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050118655A1 · Weinstock et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050137109A1 · Quan et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050196358A1 · Georglades et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050197495A1 · Naidu · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050260544A1 · Jones et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060018843A1 · Fine · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060035008A1 · Virgalli et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060064903A1 · Tucker · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060127330A1 · Tsuchida et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060188813A1 · Shimada · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060204591A1 · Burrel et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060207721A1 · Slominski et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060252087A1 · Tang et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070054008A1 · Clayton et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070057086A1 · Van Kippersluis · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070059718A1 · Toner et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070059774A1 · Grisham et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070063026A1 · Mamaropolos et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070087020A1 · O'Connor · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070093420A1 · Yeomans et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070098744A1 · Knorr et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070102010A1 · Lemperle et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070122455A1 · Myers et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070123448A1 · Kaplan et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070148136A1 · Whitlock · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070202057A1 · Fankhauser et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070207955A1 · Tanihara et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070218114A1 · Sorousch · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070227545A1 · Conrad et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070231923A1 · Cumberland et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070246052A1 · Hegde et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070261701A1 · Sanders · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070280964A1 · Knorr et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070293587A1 · Haley · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070295340A1 · Buscemi · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080032253A1 · Montgomery et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080075825A1 · Fuisz et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080112983A1 · Bufe et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080242543A1 · Banerjee et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080267933A1 · Ohlson et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080286210A1 · He et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080305089A1 · Bufe et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090004275A1 · Martyn et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090098192A1 · Fuisz · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090130199A1 · Kovacs et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090148482A1 · Peters · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090196907A1 · Bunick · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090196908A1 · Lee · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090205083A1 · Gupta et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100029832A1 · Pinnavaia et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100040593A1 · Hedman et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100040712A1 · Fisher · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100081681A1 · Blagosklonny · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100092406A1 · Perez-Davidi et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100124560A1 · Hugerth et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100143447A1 · Hansen et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100229876A1 · Knudson et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100247644A1 · Domb et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100260720A1 · Sprenger · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100285098A1 · Haley · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110009834A1 · Asmussen et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110033542A1 · Myers et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110088701A1 · Thornton · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110100378A1 · Rousseau · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110142942A1 · Gardner et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110217368A1 · Prakash et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110230587A1 · MacInnis et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110230727A1 · Sanders et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110250626A1 · Williams et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110274795A1 · Bogue et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20110290694A1 · Fuisz et al. · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120027786A1 · Gupta · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120029832A1 · Dodgson · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120039806A1 · Lahoud et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120058094A1 · Blasser et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120128597A1 · Peters et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120142548A1 · Corsi et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120148629A1 · Holvoet et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120276143A1 · O'Mahony et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120276149A1 · Littman et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120276525A1 · Kovarik et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120283269A1 · Blagosklonny et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120294822A1 · Russo et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120301452A1 · Gueniche et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130059815A1 · Fournell et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130087155A1 · Hedman et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130157876A1 · Lynch et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130225440A1 · Friedman et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130236488A1 · Dashper et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130252983A1 · Cerione et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130259834A1 · Klaenhammer et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130310416A1 · Blagosklonny · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130315869A1 · Qimron et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130323025A1 · Crawford et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130323100A1 · Poulton et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130326645A1 · Cost et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130330215A1 · Li · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140030332A1 · Baron et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140044677A1 · Qvit-Raz et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140045744A1 · Gordon · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140065209A1 · Putaala et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140065218A1 · Lang et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140066817A1 · Kovarik et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140068797A1 · Doudna et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140125550A1 · Kaneko et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140154290A1 · Peters et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140199266A1 · Park · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140238411A1 · Kovarik · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140255351A1 · Berstad et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140271867A1 · Myers · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140294915A1 · Barreca et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140296139A1 · Cohen et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140333003A1 · Allen · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140349405A1 · Sontheimer et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140356460A1 · Lutin · 2014 [cited by applicant]