US 2807384A
· Lipari
· 1957
[cited by applicant]
US 3838784A
· Barton et al.
· 1974
[cited by applicant]
US 4225575A
· Piasio et al.
· 1980
[cited by applicant]
US 4629742A
· Brady et al.
· 1986
[cited by applicant]
US 4637934A
· White
· 1987
[cited by applicant]
US 4944944A
· Tang et al.
· 1990
[cited by applicant]
US 5010004A
· Kosugi et al.
· 1991
[cited by applicant]
US 5156963A
· Eigtved
· 1992
[cited by applicant]
US 5212143A
· Torobin
· 1993
[cited by examiner]
US 5259587A
· D'Alessio et al.
· 1993
[cited by applicant]
US 5292649A
· Kosugi et al.
· 1994
[cited by applicant]
US 5453270A
· Bills
· 1995
[cited by applicant]
US 5531681A
· Walton et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5531734A
· Geckle et al.
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
US 5635362A
· Levine et al.
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
US 5707353A
· Mazer et al.
· 1998
[cited by applicant]
US 5888834A
· Ishikawa et al.
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
US 5902617A
· Pabst
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
US 5922345A
· Horrobin et al.
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
US 6197597B1
· Tuunanen
· 2001
[cited by applicant]
US 6277092B1
· Cole et al.
· 2001
[cited by applicant]
US 6346216B1
· Kent
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
US 6537787B1
· Breton
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 6541606B2
· Margolin et al.
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 6599939B2
· Wang et al.
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 6635222B2
· Kent
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
US 6749851B2
· Mann et al.
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
US 6919200B2
· Ibrahim
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
US 8361763B2
· Dayton
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 8404470B2
· Thum et al.
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
US 8754126B2
· Lai et al.
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
US 8877812B2
· Lai et al.
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
US 9227777B2
· Steven et al.
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
US 9668942B2
· Margolin et al.
· 2017
[cited by applicant]
US 20100075900A1
· Zwijsen et al.
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
US 20100239559A1
· Freedman et al.
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
US 20100304357A1
· Meyers
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
US 20110150944A1
· Rozen et al.
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
US 20110212179A1
· Liu
· 2011
[cited by examiner]
US 20120279939A1
· Lee
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
US 20140378419A1
· Alvey et al.
· 2014
[cited by applicant]
US 20160060608A1
· Prive et al.
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
CN 101573048A
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
CN 101068565A
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
CN 101861096
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
DE 2935546A1
· 1981
[cited by applicant]
FR 2955459
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
JP 54132291A
· 1979
[cited by applicant]
JP 60027380A
· 1985
[cited by applicant]
JP 63105683A
· 1988
[cited by applicant]
JP 01231848A
· 1989
[cited by applicant]
JP 01273579A
· 1989
[cited by applicant]
JP 11502450A
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
JP H11505434A
· 1999
[cited by applicant]
JP 2002180082A
· 2002
[cited by applicant]
JP 2004083902A
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
JP 2004248671A
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
JP 2005505682A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
JP 2005224401A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
JP 2005272307A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
JP 2007524674A
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
JP 2007526943A
· 2007
[cited by applicant]
JP 2008516965A
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
JP 2009521214A
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
JP 2009544780A
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
JP 201029114A
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
WO WO9621480
· 1996
[cited by applicant]
WO WO9723190A1
· 1997
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2003064444
· 2003
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2004018598
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2004052115A1
· 2004
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2005072306A2
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO 2005079367A2
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2005084129A
· 2005
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2006044529A1
· 2006
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2006092622A1
· 2006
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008054192A1
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2008054208A2
· 2008
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2009057121
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2009121839
· 2009
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2010050646
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2010147900
· 2010
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2011092299A1
· 2011
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2012019186A1
· 2012
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2013123139
· 2013
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2015020943A2
· 2015
[cited by applicant]
WO WO2016120318A1
· 2016
[cited by applicant]
https://www.dow.com/en-us/pdp.surlyn-9520-ionomer.1892389z.html#properties, uploaded 2025.
[cited by examiner]
https://products.evonik.com/assets/n_/us/ACCUREL_XP_200_82_EN_TDS_GEN_52045556_en_US.pdf, uploaded 2025.
[cited by examiner]
Ueno et al., Application of Enteral Immunonutrients in Japan, Jpn. J. Nutr. Diet., vol. 64 (4) 221-228 (2006), with English translation.
[cited by applicant]
Takeda et al., Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in COPD and ARDS Patients, Symposium V, Journal of the Japan Society for Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation, vol. 20, No. 2, p. 109-112 (2010), with English translation.
[cited by applicant]
Miyazawa, Enteral Nutrition for Elderly Patients, Jomyaku Keicho Eiyo (Parenteral Enteral Nutrition), vol. 22, No. 4, p. 27-35 (2007), with English translation.
[cited by applicant]
Database WPI, Thomas Scientific, London, GB, XP-002743254 (2004).
[cited by applicant]
Comellas et al., Exploration of the One-Bead One-Compound Methodology for the Design of Prolyl Oligopeptidase Substrates, PLOS One, vol. 4, pp. Issue 7, 1-12 (2009).
[cited by applicant]
PlasticsleMag, The transparent truth about plastics, Mar. 26, 2014.
[cited by applicant]
The Dow Chemical Company: “Safety Data Sheet”, SURLYN 9520 Ionomer, 2024, 12 pages.
[cited by applicant]
ENCTEC: “Dow SURLYN Ionomers”, 2020, 2 pages.
[cited by applicant]
Songhan Plastic Technology Co., Ltd., “DuPont Surlyn 9520 Ionomer Resin, Zinc,” 2 pages, 2025.
[cited by applicant]
Abbott Laboratories (2009) “ProSure® Therapeutic Nutrition for People with Cancer” Product Monograph (48 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Anderson and Ma (2009) “Are all n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids created equal?”
[cited by applicant]
Arterburn et al. (2006) “Distribution, interconversion, and dose response of n-3 fatty acids in humans”
[cited by applicant]
Bengmark and Jeppson (1995) “Gastrointestinal surface protection and mucosa reconditioning”
[cited by applicant]
Balanza-Martinez et al. (2011) “Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder”
[cited by applicant]
Bansi et al. (2000) “Fibrosing colonopathy in an adult owing to over use of pancreatic enzyme supplements”
[cited by applicant]
Basri et al. (1994) “Immobilization of hydrophobic lipase derivatives on to organic polymer beads”
[cited by applicant]
Bhushan et al. (2008) “immobilization of Lipase of Entrapment in Ca-alginate Beads”
[cited by applicant]
Birch et al. (2010) “The Diamond (DHA Intake And Measurement Of Neural Development) Study: A double-masked, randomized controlled clinical trial of the maturation of infant visual acuity as a function of the dietary lev…
[cited by applicant]
Birch et al. (2010) “The impact of early nutrition on incidence of allergic manifestations and common respiratory illnesses in children”
[cited by applicant]
Bolsover et al.
[cited by applicant]
Borowitz et al. (1995) “Use of pancreatic enzyme supplements for patients with cystic fibrosis in the context of fibrosing colonopathy”
[cited by applicant]
Brenna et al. (2009) “α-Linolenic acid supplementation and conversion to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans”
[cited by applicant]
Burgess et al. (2000) “Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”
[cited by applicant]
Calder (2009) “Fatty acids and immune function: relevance to inflammatory bowel diseases”
[cited by applicant]
Chiou et al. (2007) “Immobilization of Lipase to Chiltosan Beads using a Natural Cross-Linker”
[cited by applicant]
Chung et al. (2008) “Fish oil supplementation of control and (n-3) fatty acid-deficient male rats enhances reference and working memory performance and increases brain regional docosahexaenoic acid levels”
[cited by applicant]
Clandinin et al. (1994) “Relationship between fatty acid accretion, membrane composition, and biologic functions”
[cited by applicant]
Comellas et al. (2009) “Exploration of the One-Bead One-Compound Methodology for the Design of Prolyl Oligopeptidase Substrates”,
[cited by applicant]
Damerla et al. (2008) “Pancreatic Enzyme Supplementation in Pancreatic Cancer”
[cited by applicant]
Davidson et al. (2004) “Weight Stabilization Is Associated with Improved Survival Duration and Quality of Life In Unrespectable Pancreatic Cancer”
[cited by applicant]
Emi et al. (1994) “Lipoprotein lipase immobilization onto copoly(ethylene/acrylic acid) fiber”,
[cited by applicant]
Elnashar “The Art of Immobilization using Biopolymers, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology” Chapter 1 in
[cited by applicant]
Empey et al. (1991) “Fish oil-enriched diet is mucosal protective against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats”
[cited by applicant]
European Patent Application No. 13749880.4, by Alcresta, Inc.: Extended European Search Report and Opinion, dated Aug. 25, 2015 (9 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Fan et al. (2004) “Dietary docosahexaenoic acid suppresses T cell protein kinase C theta lipid raft recruitment and IL-2 production”
[cited by applicant]
Fernàndez-Lorente et al. (2010) “Hydrolysis of Fish Oil by Lipases Immobilized Inside Porous Supports”
[cited by applicant]
Fernàndez-Lorente et al. (2011) “Release of Omega-3 Fatty Acids by the Hydrolysis of Fish Oil Catalyzed by Lipases Immobilized on Hydrophobic Supports”
[cited by applicant]
Forsyth et al. (1999) “A randomized controlled study of the effect of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on stool hardness during formula feeding”
[cited by applicant]
Gadek et al. (1999) “Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome”
[cited by applicant]
Graham (1977) “Enzyme replacement therapy of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in man. Relations between in vitro enzyme activities and in vivo potency in commercial pancreatic extracts”
[cited by applicant]
Greenberger et al. (1966) “Absorption of Medium and Long Chain Triglycerides: Factors Influencing Their Hydrolysis and Transport”
[cited by applicant]
Gunnlaugsdottir et al. (1998), “Alcoholysis and Glyceride Synthesis with Immobilized Lipase on Controlled-Pore Glass of Varying Hydrophobicity in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide,”
[cited by applicant]
Gustafsson, H. (2012) “Enzyme Immobilization in Mesoporous Silica” Thesis for the Degree of Licentiate of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology; Gǒteborg, Swed…
[cited by applicant]
Herzig et al. (2011) “Fecal pancreatic elastase-1 levels in older individuals without known gastrointestinal diseases or diabetes mellitus”
[cited by applicant]
Horrocks et al. (1999) “Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)”
[cited by applicant]
Hudert et al. (2006) “Transgenic mice rich in endogenous omega-3 fatty acids are protected from colitis”
[cited by applicant]
Innis (2003) “Perinatal biochemistry and physiology of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids”
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion mailed May 9, 2013, in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/026063 (Alcresta, Inc.) (10 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Issfal (International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids) (Jul. 2, 2014) “Omega-3 Fats May Reduce Risk of Gastrointestinal Diseases” Press Release [online]. Retrieved from: http://www.issfal.org/news/articl…
[cited by applicant]
Jensen et al. (1983) “Determination of lipase specificity”
[cited by applicant]
Jensen et al. (1985) “Specificity of Human Milk Bile Salt-Stimulated Lipase”
[cited by applicant]
Jensen et al. (1986) “Absorption of individual fatty acids from long chain or medium chain triglycerides in very small infants”
[cited by applicant]
Jicha and Markesbery (2010) “Omega-3 fatty acids: potential role in the management of early Alzheimer's disease”
[cited by applicant]
Kalivianakis et al. (1999) “Fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy is due to impaired intestinal uptake of long-chain fatty acids”
[cited by applicant]
Koletzo et al. (2008) “The roles of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations”
[cited by applicant]
Kris-Etherton et al. (2002) “Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease”
[cited by applicant]
Lapillone et al. (2009) “Reevaluation of the DHA requirement for the premature infant”
[cited by applicant]
Last “Lipase and the Fat Metabolism” Lipase—
[cited by applicant]
Lauritzsen et al. (2001) “The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina”
[cited by applicant]
Lie et al. (1991) “Hydrolysis and esterification with immobilized lipase on hydrophobic and hydrophilic zeolites”
[cited by applicant]
Logan et al. (2004) “Omega-3 fatty acids and major depression: A primer for the mental health professional”
[cited by applicant]
Malone (2005) “Enteral Formula Selection: A Review of Selected Product Categories”
[cited by applicant]
Mañé et al. (2009) “Partial Replacement of Dietary (n-6) Fatty Acids with Medium-Chain Triglycerides Decreases the Incidence of Spontaneous Colitis in Interleukin-10-Deficient Mice”
[cited by applicant]
Martek Press Release (May 4, 2010), “Study Published in Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association Shows Algal DHA Improved Memory and Learning in Healthy Adults Age 55 and older” [online]. Downl…
[cited by applicant]
Martin et al. (2011) “Decreased Postnatal Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acid Blood Levels In Premature Infants Are Associated with Neonatal Morbidities”
[cited by applicant]
Martinez et al. (1992) “Tissue levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids During Early Human Development”
[cited by applicant]
Mccann et al. (2005) “Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for development of normal brain function? An overview of evidence from cognitive and behavioral tests in humans and a…
[cited by applicant]
Mcdaniel et al. (2011) “Fish oil supplementation alters levels of lipid mediators of inflammation in microenvironment of acute human wounds”
[cited by applicant]
Mcnamara et al. (2008) “Deficits in docosahexaenoic acid and associated elevations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and saturated fatty acids in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with bipolar disorder”
[cited by applicant]
Mcnamara et al. (2010) “Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation increases prefrontal cortex activation during sustained attention in healthy boys: a placebo-controlled, dose-ranging, functional magnetic resonance imaging s…
[cited by applicant]
Mcnamara et al. (2010) “Selective deficits in erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid composition in adult patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder”
[cited by applicant]
Milligan and Bazinet (2008) “Evolutionary modifications of human milk composition: evidence from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of anthropoid milks”
[cited by applicant]
Mu (2008) “Bioavailability of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from foods”
[cited by applicant]
Murty et al. (2002) “Hydrolysis of Oils Using Immobilized Lipase Enzyme: A Review”
[cited by applicant]
Nestlé (2011) “Gerber® Infant Formulas Nutrient Comparison Chart” (8 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Nieto et al. (1999) “Synthesis of structured triacylglycerols containing medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids by interesterfication with a stereospecific lipase from
[cited by applicant]
Oh et al. (2010) “GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects”
[cited by applicant]
Oksman et al. (2006) “Impact of different saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol containing diets on beta-amyloid accumulation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice”
[cited by applicant]
Peretti et al. (2005) “Mechanisms of lipid malabsorption in Cystic Fibrosis: the impact of essential fatty acids deficiency”
[cited by applicant]
Pérez et al. (2011) “A Novel Halophilic Lipase, LipBL, Showing High Efficiency in the Production of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)”
[cited by applicant]
Pointes-Arruda et al. (2006) “Effects of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, y-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis and septic shock”
[cited by applicant]
Reisbick et al., (1997) “Visual Attention in infant monkeys: effects of dietary fatty acids and age”
[cited by applicant]
Ren et al. (2011) “Facile, high efficiency immobilization of lipase enzyme on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles via a biomimetic coating”
[cited by applicant]
Ruthig and Meckling-Gill (1999) “Both (n-3) and (n-6) fatty acids stimulate wound healing in the rat intestinal epithelial cell line, IEC-6”
[cited by applicant]
Sanderson et al. (1997) “Dietary fish oil diminishes the antigen presentation activity of rat dendritic cells”
[cited by applicant]
Sangiovanni and Chew (2005) “The role of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in health and disease of the retina”
[cited by applicant]
Sarkadi-Nagy et al. (2004) “Formula feeding potentiates docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid biosynthesis in term and preterm baboon neonates”
[cited by applicant]
Scheltens et al. (2012) “Efficacy of Souvenaid in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial”
[cited by applicant]
Stark and Holmberg (1989) “Covalent immobilization of lipase in organic solvents”
[cited by applicant]
Stoll et al. (1999) “Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Bipolar Disorder. A Preliminary Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial”
[cited by applicant]
Toyo Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Date unknown) “New Inorganic Carriers for Immobilization of Enzymes.
[cited by applicant]
Ville et al. (2002) “Physiological study of pH stability and sensitivity to pepsin of human gastric lipase”
[cited by applicant]
Yuhas et al. (2006) “Human milk fatty acid composition from nine countries varies most in DHA”
[cited by applicant]
Fadloǧlu, Sibel et al., “Olive Oil Hydrolysis by Celite-Immobilized Candida rugosa Lipase,” J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, vol. 46 (9), pp. 3411-3414, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gaziantep Unive…
[cited by applicant]
International Search Report and Written Opinion mailed Feb. 8, 2017, in International Application No. PCT/US2016/056722 (11 pages).
[cited by applicant]
Fu, X. et al., “Oil and Fat Hydrolysis with Lipase from
[cited by applicant]