Membrane dryer
A system, method, and apparatus for supplying a gas-liquid vapor to a process tank for performing semiconductor manufacturing. In one aspect, the invention is a method of supplying a gas-liquid vapor to a process tank comprising: supplying a gas stream through at least one hydrophobic tube; exposing the outside surface of the hydrophobic tube to a liquid so that the liquid permeates the hydrophobic tube and enters the gas stream, forming a gas-liquid vapor inside the tube; and transporting the gas-liquid vapor to the process tank. In another aspect, the invention is an apparatus for supplying a gas-liquid vapor to a process tank comprising: at least one hydrophobic tube adapted to carry a gas; and a housing forming a chamber that surrounds the tube, the chamber adapted to receive a liquid that can permeate the tube, forming a gas-liquid vapor. In yet another aspect, the invention is a system for supplying a gas-liquid vapor to a process tank comprising: the apparatus of the present invention; gas supply means adapted to supply the gas to the tube; liquid supply means adapted to supply the liquid to the chamber; and gas-liquid transport means adapted to carry the gas-fluid vapor from the apparatus to the process tank.
1. A method of drying a wet substrate with a mixture of gas and vaporized liquid comprising:
supporting a wet substrate in a process tank;
supplying a gas stream through at least one hydrophobic tube, the hydrophobic tube being impermeable to liquids;
exposing an outside surface of the hydrophobic tube to a liquid so that vapor of the liquid permeates the hydrophobic tube and enters the gas stream, forming a mixture of gas and vaporized liquid; and
contacting the wet substrate with the mixture of gas and vaporized liquid thereby drying the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 comprising transporting the mixture of gas and vaporized liquid to the process tank via a transport line.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid comprises isopropyl alcohol.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic tube is constructed of a flouroploymer.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the flouropolymer is selected from the group consisting of PFA, PTFE, or PVDF.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein when the liquid exposed to the outside surface of the tube is under pressure.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of heating the gas prior to the gas combining with the vaporized liquid to form the mixture.
8. The method of claim 1 comprising adjusting the amount of the mixture's concentration ratio of gas to vaporized liquid to a predetermined ratio.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the mixture's concentration ratio is adjusted by increasing the mass flow rate of the gas.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the mixture's concentration ratio is adjusted by increasing pressure of the liquid where the liquid is exposed to the outside of the tube.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas is nitrogen and the liquid is isopropyl alcohol.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is a semiconductor wafer.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the mixture is formed within the process tank.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas is supplied through a plurality of hydrophobic tubes that are impermeable to liquids, the outside surfaces of the plurality of tubes each exposed to the liquid.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the plurality of tubes are contained within a chamber of a housing, the liquid filling the chamber.